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Brown recluse

Loxosceles reclusa

ብዛዕባ እቲ ስም፦ The scientific name reclusa means 'recluse', which refers to the spider's shy, hidden way of life.1

ሓኪም የድልዮሳሕቲ እዩ ዝቐትል፣ ግን ንኽሳኡ ሓኪም የድልዮ።

ሳሬታት

ንኽሳታትዝበልዖ፦ ስጋ

ሓደጋ ንሰባት: ከቢድንኽሳኡ ሓኪም የድልዮ። ሞት ኣዝዩ ሳሕቲ እዩ።

The brown recluse is a small spider with a violin-shaped mark on its back. It lives mainly in the central and southern United States, where it hides in dark, quiet places such as woodpiles and sheds. It is one of only two North American spiders with dangerous venom, the other being the black widow.1

ዝነብረሉ

Southern and central United States, from southeastern Nebraska south to central Texas and western Georgia1

ሰሜን ኣመሪካ

መበገሲ

Brown recluses build irregular webs in dry, undisturbed places such as woodpiles, sheds, closets, garages, plenum spaces and cellars. In homes they seem to favour cardboard. People are usually bitten when the spider is trapped against the skin, for example inside clothes, shoes, towels, bedding or work gloves.1

ንውሓት

ካብ 6 mm ክሳብ 2 cm (ካብ 0,2 in ክሳብ 0,8 in)1

ዝለዓለ ቅልጣፈ

ኣስታት 0,8 ኪ.ሜ/ሰዓት (0,5 ማይል/ሰዓት)

ኣብ መሬት, ግምት

እንታይ ይበልዕ?

Brown recluses leave their lairs at night to hunt, unlike most web-weaving spiders. If food becomes scarce, they will occasionally, though not habitually, eat other brown recluses.1

ስእሊ Brown recluse — Brown recluse። ስእሊ፦ Rosa Pineda። CC BY-SA 3.0, Wikimedia Commons.

ብኸመይ ትፈልጦ

A dark violin-shaped marking on the top of the front body, with the neck of the violin pointing towards the rear of the spider1
Typically light to medium brown, though colours range from whitish to dark brown or blackish grey1
Six eyes arranged in three pairs, while most spiders have eight1
No obvious patterns on the abdomen or legs, and no spines on the legs1
Usually 6 to 20 millimetres in body length, but may grow larger1

ብዙሕ ግዜ ዝደናገረሉ፦ The violin marking is not a reliable identifier, because cellar spiders and pirate spiders can have similar markings. The Mediterranean recluse, an introduced species, is almost indistinguishable from the brown recluse, so many reports of recluses are misidentifications. A spider in the genus Titiotus is the most common spider mistaken for a brown recluse in California, and its bite is considered harmless.1

ሓይሊ መርዚ

ንኽሳታት

ክነኽስ ከሎ መርዚ ብኣስናን መርዙ ወይ ብኣስናኑ ይወጽእ።

መርዙ (ክነኽስ ወይ ክነድፍ ከሎ) እንታይ ይገብር?

The venom is necrotic, meaning it destroys tissue. It contains a dermonecrotic agent called sphingomyelinase D, which kills the skin around the bite. In some cases the venom spreads through the body within minutes, causing nausea, vomiting, fever, rashes and muscle and joint pain. Rarely, it can burst red blood cells (hemolysis).1

ንሰባት ክንደይ ሓደገኛ እዩ?

ሓደጋ ንሰባት: ከቢድንኽሳኡ ሓኪም የድልዮ። ሞት ኣዝዩ ሳሕቲ እዩ።

Most bites cause no skin damage, and the spider is rarely aggressive. In one clinical study, skin necrosis occurred in 37% of diagnosed bites and systemic illness in 14%. Rarely, bites can cause organ damage or death. Most fatalities have been in children under seven or in people with weak immune systems. Children, the elderly and seriously ill people may be more susceptible to systemic effects.1

ምስ ፈርሀ እንታይ ይገብር?

When alarmed, it lowers its body, raises its pedipalps and stands still in a defensive pose. It usually flees, and if caught it may play dead.1

እንተ ነኺሱ

ነቲ ንኽሳ ሕጸቦ፣ ንቓንዛ ድማ ናይ በረድ ከረጺት ኣንብረሉ። ቃንዛ እንተ በርቲዑ፣ እንተ ተዘርጊሑ ወይ እቲ ሰብ ጥዕና እንተ ዘይተሰምዖ ሕክምናዊ ሓገዝ ርኸብ።

ኩሉ ግዜ ቀዳምነት ናብ ቁጽሪ ህጹጽ ረድኤት ደውል (112፣ 000፣ 911)። እዚ ሓፈሻዊ መምርሒ ቀዳማይ ረድኤት እዩ፣ ሕክምናዊ ምኽሪ ኣይኮነን። መሰረታት ቀዳማይ ረድኤት

ብድሕንነት ጽናሕ

ንዘገዳም እንስሳ ፈጺምካ ኣይትተንክፎ፣ ኣይትሓዞ ወይ ኣይተሕርቖ፣ ንእሽቶ እንተ ኾነ እውን፣ ደቂሱ ወይ ሞይቱ እንተ መሰለ እውን።
ቦታ ሃቦ። እንተ ረኺብካዮ፣ ህዱእ ኹን፣ ቀስ ኢልካ ንድሕሪት ተመለስ፣ ናብ መገዱ ድማ ይኺድ ሕደጎ።
ሓደ እንተ ነኺሱካ፦ ህዱእ ኹን፣ ከይተንቀሳቐስካ ጽናሕ፣ ናብ ቁጽሪ ህጹጽ ረድኤት (112፣ 000፣ 911) ደውል ወይ ብቕልጡፍ ናብ ሆስፒታል ኪድ። ከመይ ከም ዝመስል ዘክር፣ ስእሊ ይሕግዝ።

ንዓኻ ከጥቅዕ ኣይደልን እዩ። መርዙ ዝጥቀመሉ መግቢ ንምሓዝ ወይ ንርእሱ ንምክልኻል እዩ፣ ምሕባእ ድማ ኣዝዩ ይመርጽ። ብዛዕባ ድሕንነት ተወሳኺ

ኣበይ ኣብ ዓለም?

ኣፍሪቃ እስያ ኤውሮጳ ሰሜን ኣመሪካ ደቡብ ኣመሪካ ኣውስትራልያን ኦሽያንያን

ክንደይ ዓቢ እዩ?

ክንደይ ይነውሕ?

ኣስታት ከም መሓዝ ወረቐት ይነውሕ

Brown recluse ምሳኻ ክወዳደር ከሎ ክንደይ ዓቢ እዩ?

ኣብ ብራውዘርካ ዝስራሕ ሕሳብ ጥራይ። ዋላ ሓደ ነገር ኣይዕቀብን ናብ ዝኾነ ቦታ ድማ ኣይለኣኽን።

ክንደይ ቅልጡፍ እዩ?

ጎብየ ኣስታት 0,3 ኪ.ሜ/ሰዓት (0,19 mph)

Brown recluse ኣስታት 0,8 ኪ.ሜ/ሰዓት (0,5 mph)

ዝኸይድ ሰብ ኣስታት 5 ኪ.ሜ/ሰዓት (3,1 mph)

ክፍለጥ ዘለዎ

ሓቅታት

One brown recluse survived for over five seasons in captivity without any food at all.1

In 2001, more than 2,000 brown recluses were removed from a heavily infested home in Kansas, yet the four residents who had lived there for years were never harmed.1

When a leg is lost, the brown recluse does not grow a new one in later moults, unlike the huntsman spider.1

Brown recluses do not balloon, which limits how far they can spread across the landscape.1

Males move around more when hunting than females, which tend to stay near their webs.1

ጽውጽዋይ ዝሰብር

ጽውጽዋይ፦ Brown recluses are common in California and the western United States, where they cause many bites.

ሓቂ፦ The brown recluse has not established itself in California or anywhere outside its native range. Many reported bites there are misdiagnosed, and other spiders are often wrongly identified as brown recluses.1

ንክኢላታት መርዚ

ሳይንሳዊ ስም: Loxosceles reclusa
ጉጅለ: ሳሬታት
ስድራ ቤት: Sicariidae2
ቅደም ሰዓብ: Araneae
ክፍለ ዓለማት: ሰሜን ኣመሪካ
ህጻናት: Each female produces several egg sacs between May and July, with about 50 eggs in each sac. The eggs hatch in about one month, and the young take about a year to reach adulthood.1
ሓደጋ ንሰባት: 3 / 5: ከቢድ3

ሓቅታት ካበይ ይመጹ

Brown recluse spider (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Loxosceles reclusa (iNaturalist): ኣስማትን ምምዳብን።
Venom Wiki: ደረጃ ሓደጋ፣ ልሙድ ዓቐንን ግምት ቅልጣፈን ናትና እዮም። ብኸመይ ከም እነውጽኦም ርአ፦ ሓደጋ ብኸመይ ንግምግም.

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