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Caspian cobra

Naja oxiana
Tungkol sa pangalan: Naja is a Latin form of the Sanskrit word for cobra, and oxiana comes from Oxus, the ancient name of the Amu Darya river.1
NakamamatayIsa sa pinakanakamamatay na hayop sa Mundo. Kung kagatin ka nito, tumawag agad ng tulong.Ang mabilis na tulong at antivenom ang nagliligtas sa karamihan ng tao. Tawagan agad ang numero pang-emergency.
Mga kobra, mamba at krait Mga kagatKinakain: Karne
Panganib sa tao: NakamamatayIsa sa pinakamapanganib na hayop sa mundo.

The Caspian cobra is a highly venomous snake that lives in Central Asia, Afghanistan, Iran and Pakistan. Many scientists consider it the most venomous cobra in the world. It is also a strong swimmer and a good climber.1

Nakatira sa
Central Asia, Afghanistan, northeastern Iran, Pakistan and far northern India1
Asya
Home
It lives in dry, rocky or stony foothills covered with shrubs or scrub, up to about 3,000 m above sea level. It is often found near water and rarely far from it, and it lives in holes in embankments or in trees.1
Haba
1 m hanggang 1.7 m (3.3 ft hanggang 5.6 ft)1
Pinakamataas na bilis
mga 7.5 km/h (4.7 mph)
Sa lupa, tantiya lang
Ano ang kinakain nito?
It feeds mostly on small mammals and amphibians, and sometimes on fish, birds and their eggs. It also reportedly eats other snakes.1
Totoo!Litrato ng Caspian cobra
Caspian cobra. Litrato: Omid Mozaffari. CC BY-SA 3.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Paano ito makikilala

  • Adults are light to chocolate brown or yellowish, with no hood marks and no spots on the throat.1
  • Juveniles are pale and faded, with dark and light cross-bands of about equal width around the body.1
  • The hood is long and tapers gradually, unlike the rounder hood of some other cobras.1
  • It has several dark bands under the throat.1
  • It is never fully black, although some individuals can be quite dark.1

Madalas mapagkamalang: The Caspian cobra is often confused with the Indian cobra, and the two live side by side in Pakistan and northern India. Indian cobras without a hood mark look similar. In the black form of the Indian cobra from Pakistan, almost the whole throat is black, while the Caspian cobra has several dark throat bands and is never fully black.1

Lakas ng kamandag

Mga kagat

Lumalabas ang kamandag sa pangil o ngipin nito kapag nangangagat ito.

Ano ang epekto ng kamandag nito?

Its venom is mainly neurotoxic, meaning it attacks the nerves, and most of the venom is made of short neurotoxins. It also contains cytotoxins, which can kill cells, and enzymes called nucleases, which damage tissue at the bite. Severe pain and swelling appear quickly, and weakness, drowsiness and paralysis of the throat and limbs can appear within an hour. The venom can also affect the heart during the first few hours, and at least one heart attack after a bite has been recorded.1

Gaano ito kapanganib sa tao?

Panganib sa tao: NakamamatayIsa sa pinakamapanganib na hayop sa mundo.

It is regarded as the most dangerous snake in Central Asia and has a high death rate. Between 1979 and 1987, 136 confirmed bites were attributed to it in the former Soviet Union. Of these, 8 people died after receiving antivenom, and 11 of the 15 who did not receive antivenom died. In Iran, it causes more deaths from snakebite than any other snake in the country. Without treatment, death can come in as little as 45 minutes or be delayed for up to 24 hours.1

Magandang balita: may gamot (antivenom) o gamutan ang mga doktor para dito.1

Ano ang ginagawa nito kapag natatakot?

It tends to avoid people, but when cornered or provoked it spreads its hood, hisses, sways from side to side and strikes repeatedly.1

Kung kumagat ito

  • Medical treatment with antivenom is essential, because untreated bites are often fatal. Symptoms can worsen rapidly without treatment, so urgent medical care is needed.1
  • Panatilihing hindi gumagalaw at kalmado ang tao, tanggalin ang mga singsing at masisikip na bagay, at pumunta agad sa ospital: antivenom ang gamutan.

Laging tawagan muna ang numero pang-emergency (112, 000, 911). Ito ay pangkalahatang gabay sa pangunang lunas, hindi payong medikal. Mga batayan ng pangunang lunas

Mag-ingat

  • Huwag kailanman hawakan, hulihin o asarin ang ligaw na hayop, kahit maliit, at kahit mukha itong tulog o patay.
  • Bigyan ito ng espasyo. Kung makasalubong ka ng isa, manatiling kalmado, dahan-dahang umatras at hayaan itong umalis.
  • Kung kagatin ka ng isa: manatiling kalmado, huwag gumalaw, tawagan ang numero pang-emergency (112, 000, 911) o pumunta agad sa ospital. Tandaan ang itsura nito, makakatulong ang litrato.

Hindi ka nito hinahabol. Ginagamit nito ang kamandag para manghuli ng pagkain o ipagtanggol ang sarili, at mas gusto pa nitong magtago. Higit pa tungkol sa pag-iingat

Saan sa mundo?

AprikaAsyaEuropaHilagang AmerikaTimog AmerikaAustralia at Oceania

Gaano ito kalaki?

Gaano ito kahaba?

Caspian cobra mga 1.7 m ang haba (5.6 ft)Isang matanda mga 1.7 m (5.6 ft)Bisikleta ng matanda mga 1.8 m (5.9 ft)
kasinghaba ng 3 pusang bahay mula ilong hanggang buntotkasinghaba ng 9 saging na magkakadugtongkayang tapusin ang 100 metro sa loob ng 48 segundo (9.6 ang kailangan ng pinakamabilis na tao)

Gaano kalaki si Caspian cobra kumpara sa IYO?

Math lang sa browser mo. Walang sine-save o ipinapadala kahit saan.

Gaano ito kabilis?

magandang malaman

Mga fact

1

Many toxinological studies suggest that the Caspian cobra is the most venomous cobra in the world.1

2

A ribonuclease called ribonuclease V1, purified from its venom, is used as a laboratory reagent in molecular biology because it can break down structured RNA.1

3

It cannot spit venom, but it is a good climber and an able swimmer.1

4

It is the westernmost species of Asiatic cobra, and it can be found at heights of up to about 3,000 m.1

5

For most of the twentieth century it was treated as a subspecies of the Indian cobra, until genetic analysis showed it was a separate species.1

Myth buster

Mito: Caspian cobras are always black, like some Indian cobras.

Totoo: The Caspian cobra is never fully black. Adults are light to chocolate brown or yellowish, and it has several dark bands under the throat.1

Para sa mga eksperto sa kamandag

Pangalang siyentipiko
Naja oxiana
Grupo
Mga kobra, mamba at krait
Pamilya
Elapidae2
Ayos
Squamata
Mga kontinente
Asya
Panganib sa tao
5 / 5: Nakamamatay3

Saan galing ang mga fact

  1. Caspian cobra (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Naja oxiana (iNaturalist): mga pangalan at klasipikasyon.
  3. Venom Wiki: sarili naming tantiya ang antas ng panganib, karaniwang laki at hula sa bilis. Tingnan kung paano namin ito kinukuwenta: Paano namin sinusukat ang panganib.

Bawat fact sa pahinang ito ay may numerong tumuturo sa pinagmulan nito. Kung may mali kami, pasensya na, mahilig lang kami sa hayop, hindi kami science journal. Sabihin sa amin sa [email protected] at aayusin namin.

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