Venom Wiki / Dibopiwa tsotlhe / Digwagwa tsa botlhole, digwagwa tse dingwe le dinewt

Nom. 1336 ya 1 402

Colorado River toad

Incilius alvarius

E tlhoka ngakaO se ka wa amaGa e bolaye gantsi, mme fa mongwe a e ama kgotsa a e ja, a ye kwa ngakeng.

Digwagwa tsa botlhole, digwagwa tse dingwe le dinewt

Botlhole mo letlalong la yoneE ja: NamaE botlhole go e ama kgotsa go e ja, ga e tsenye botlhole

Kotsi go batho: E masisiFa mongwe a e ama kgotsa a e ja, a ye kwa ngakeng. Go swa go seoka thata.

The Colorado River toad is a large toad of the deserts of the southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico. It is famous for the toxic, mind-altering secretions it releases from glands in its skin when threatened. These secretions can be deadly if swallowed, so it should be left alone.1

E botlhole go e ama kgotsa go e ja, kgotsa e tsenya botlhole? Diphologolo tse di tsenyang botlhole di bo tsenya ka go loma kgotsa go tlhaba. Diphologolo tse di botlhole go di ama kgotsa go di ja di kotsi fa o di ama kgotsa o di ja. Eno ke e e botlhole go e ama kgotsa go e ja.

E tshela kwa

Northwestern Mexico (Sonora, Sinaloa, Chihuahua) and the southwestern United States, including Arizona and New Mexico1

Amerika Bokone

Gae

It lives in desert and semi-arid areas and is semiaquatic. People may find it in streams, near springs, in canals, drainage ditches and under water troughs. It often lives in rodent burrows and is active at night.1

Boleele

19 cm (7,5 in)1

Lebelo le le kwa godimo

e ka nna 2 km/h (1,2 mph)

Mo lefatsheng, kakanyo fela

E ja eng?

It is an active forager that feeds on invertebrates, lizards, small mammals and amphibians.1

Setshwantsho sa Colorado River toad — Colorado River toad. Setshwantsho: Wildfeuer. CC BY-SA 3.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Tsela ya go e lemoga

Olive green or mottled brown colour1
Smooth, leathery skin1
A large golden eye with a horizontal pupil, with a bulging kidney-shaped gland just behind it1
A large circular pale green ear drum area below that gland1
A weak, low-pitched call described as a toot lasting less than a second1

Maatla a botlhole

Botlhole mo letlalong la yone

Letlalo la yone le botlhole. Go kotsi go e ama, go e latswa kgotsa go e ja.

Botlhole jwa yone (jwa go e ama kgotsa go e ja) bo dira eng?

The toad releases poison from glands in its skin, including the large parotoid glands behind the eyes. The poison contains psychoactive compounds, including 5-MeO-DMT and bufotenin, which affect the brain. It also contains digoxin-like cardiac glycosides, which act on the heart, and ingesting the poison can be fatal. In one reported case, a young woman who drank a tea made from toad preparation began vomiting and had difficulty breathing soon after, and died about two and a half hours later.1

E kotsi go le kae go batho?

Kotsi go batho: E masisiFa mongwe a e ama kgotsa a e ja, a ye kwa ngakeng. Go swa go seoka thata.

The poison is potent enough to kill a grown dog, and dogs that attack toads have been paralysed or killed. Several cases of human poisoning from swallowing toad secretions or eggs have been reported, and at least one death from the ch'an su preparation has been recorded. The toad has also been linked to poisoning and at least one death from the use of related toad preparations as street drugs.1

E dira eng fa e tshogile?

When threatened, it releases toxins from glands in its skin.1

Fa mongwe a e amile kgotsa a e jele

Fa mongwe a amile e nngwe: tlhatswa diatla sentle mme o se ka wa ama matlho kgotsa molomo. Fa ngwana kgotsa phologolo ya gae e latswitse kgotsa e jele e nngwe: leletsa senthara ya botlhole kgotsa nomoro ya tshoganyetso.

Ka gale leletsa nomoro ya gago ya tshoganyetso pele (112, 000, 911). Se ke kaelo e e akaretsang ya thuso ya ntlha, ga se kgakololo ya bongaka. Motheo wa thuso ya ntlha

Nna o babalesegile

O se ka wa ama, wa tshwara kgotsa wa tshwenya phologolo ya naga, le fa e le e nnye, le fa e lebega e robetse kgotsa e sule.
E fe sebaka. Fa o kopana le yone, ritibala, boela morago ka bonya mme o e tlogele e tsamaye ka tsela ya yone.
Fa o e amile kgotsa o e jele: o se ka wa gotlha matlho kgotsa molomo wa gago, tlhatswa diatla mme o batle thuso ya bongaka.

Ga e go batle. Botlhole jwa yone bo teng fela gore sepe se se ka se e je. Go le gontsi ka go nna o babalesegile

Kae mo lefatsheng?

Aforika Asia Yuropa Amerika Bokone Amerika Borwa Australia le Oceania

E kgolo go le kae?

E telele go le kae?

boleele jo bo lekanang le diboloko tsa go aga tsa ditshamekisi di le 6 mo molenge ka taboga dimetara di le 100 ka metsotswana e le 180 (motho yo o bonako go gaisa o tlhoka 9,6)

Colorado River toad e kgolo go le kae fa e bapisiwa le WENA?

Ke dipalo fela mo sefetleng sa gago (browser). Ga go sepe se se bolokwang kgotsa se se romelwang gope.

E bonako go le kae?

Khudu e ka nna 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Colorado River toad e ka nna 2 km/h (1,2 mph)

Motho yo o tsamayang e ka nna 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

go botlhokwa go itse

Dintlha

It is the only toad species in which bufotenin is present in large enough amounts to have a psychoactive effect.1

Raccoons have learned to pull a toad away from water by its back leg, turn it over and feed on its belly, which keeps them away from the poison glands.1

Unlike most vertebrates, it gets most of its water by absorbing it across its belly through a special area of skin called the seat patch.1

A female can lay up to 8,000 eggs.1

It is the largest toad in the United States, apart from the non-native cane toad.1

Mosenyi wa ditlhamane

Tlhamane: Licking or smoking the toad's secretions is a safe way to get high or to treat illness.

Nnete: Swallowing the secretions has caused poisonings and deaths. Claims about its therapeutic use are unverified, and the US National Park Service has warned people not to handle or lick the toad.1

Ya baitseanape ba botlhole

Leina la saense: Incilius alvarius
Setlhopha: Digwagwa tsa botlhole, digwagwa tse dingwe le dinewt
Lelapa: Bufonidae2
Lekoko: Anura
Dikontinente: Amerika Bokone
Masea: Females lay eggs in ponds, slow-moving streams, temporary pools or man-made structures that hold water, and can lay up to 8,000 eggs in a long tube of jelly.1
Seemo sa yone kwa nageng: Listed as threatened in New Mexico and California. A June 2025 study found that persistent trapping in Mexico has decimated several populations and put the species at risk of extinction.1
Kotsi go batho: 3 / 5: E masisi3

Kwa dintlha di tswang teng

Colorado River toad (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Incilius alvarius (iNaturalist): maina le thulaganyo ya mefuta.
Venom Wiki: seelo sa kotsi, bogolo jo bo tlwaelegileng le kakanyo ya lebelo ke tsa rona. Bona kafa re di balang ka teng: Kafa re lekanyang kotsi ka teng.

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