Venom Wiki
Venom Wiki / Dibopiwa tsotlhe / Di-urchin, dinaledi tsa lewatle le diboko
Setshwantsho sa khathune sa Flower urchin
Nom. 1264 ya 1 402

Flower urchin

Toxopneustes pileolus
Ka ga leina: Its scientific genus name, Toxopneustes, means "poison breath", and its species name, pileolus, means "little cap".1
E ka bolayaE ka go bolaya fa o sa alafiwe. Fa e go tlhaba, batla thuso ka bonako.
Di-urchin, dinaledi tsa lewatle le diboko Go tlhabaE ja: Bonnye jwa sengwe le sengwe
Kotsi go batho: E kotsi thataE ka bolaya motho yo o sa alafiweng.

The flower urchin is a sea urchin with flower-shaped claws that can sting. It lives on coral reefs, in seagrass beds and on rocky or sandy sea floors across the Indo-West Pacific. It is one of the sea urchins most likely to cause a painful and medically significant sting.1

E tshela kwa
Tropical Indo-West Pacific, from Okinawa (Japan) south to Tasmania (Australia), and west from the Red Sea and East African coast east to Rarotonga (Cook Islands)1
Lewatle la India, Lewatle la Pacific, Lewatle le Lehibidu, Lewatle la Coral, Lewatle la Philippines, Lewatle la Timor le la Arafura, Kou ya Bengal
Gae
It is found among coral reefs, coral rubble, rocks, sand and seagrass beds, at depths from the surface down to 90 m. It may partly bury itself in the sea floor. Its habitat includes coral reef areas where people snorkel and dive.1
Boleele
15 cm go ya go 20 cm (5,9 in go ya go 7,9 in)1
Lebelo le le kwa godimo
e ka nna 0,02 km/h (0,01 mph)
Go thuma, kakanyo fela
E ja eng?
It feeds on algae, bryozoans (small colonial animals) and organic detritus (decaying material). It grinds its food with five calcareous teeth known as Aristotle's lantern.1
Ka nnete!Setshwantsho sa Flower urchin
Flower urchin. Setshwantsho: Nhobgood. CC BY-SA 4.0, iNaturalist.

Tsela ya go e lemoga

  • Flower-like claws (globiferous pedicellariae) that are pinkish-white to yellowish-white, with a central purple dot and a bright white rim1
  • A rigid shell (test) that is deep red and grey, with a purple zigzag pattern along each of the five ambulacral segments; rarely it is greenish or pale purple1
  • Short, blunt spines, usually hidden beneath the flower-like claws1
  • A body diameter of about 15 to 20 cm1

Gantsi e tlhakanngwa le: Other Toxopneustes urchins look similar. Toxopneustes roseus has a uniform pink, brown or purple test and lives only in the eastern Pacific. Toxopneustes elegans, found only around Japan, has a dark stripe just below the tips of its spines. Toxopneustes maculatus is very rare, known from Réunion, Christmas Island and Palmyra Atoll, and has bright violet on its underside and a violet band around its middle.1

Maatla a botlhole

Go tlhaba

Botlhole bo tswa ka lemao le le tlhabang.

Botlhole jo e bo tsenyang bo dira eng?

Its venom is made in glands at the base of the flower-like claws, not in the spines. The claws have sharp fang-like tips that can penetrate human skin, and when touched they snap shut and inject venom. The sting is described as extremely painful and medically significant.1

E kotsi go le kae go batho?

Kotsi go batho: E kotsi thataE ka bolaya motho yo o sa alafiweng.

It is considered highly dangerous to people. Its stings are extremely painful and medically significant. Larger individuals with bigger claws are thought to be more dangerous, because the strength of the venom is linked to claw size.1

E dira eng fa e tshogile?

When touched or brushed against, its flower-like claws snap shut and inject venom. The claws can break off and stay attached to the skin, continuing to inject venom for several hours.1

Fa e tlhaba

  • Tsenya ntho mo metsing a a mogote, a a bollo jo motho a ka bo itshokang a sa fiswe, mme o batle thuso ya bongaka go ntsha mitlwa. O se ka wa e epa ka bowena.

Ka gale leletsa nomoro ya gago ya tshoganyetso pele (112, 000, 911). Se ke kaelo e e akaretsang ya thuso ya ntlha, ga se kgakololo ya bongaka. Motheo wa thuso ya ntlha

Nna o babalesegile

  • O se ka wa ama, wa tshwara kgotsa wa tshwenya phologolo ya naga, le fa e le e nnye, le fa e lebega e robetse kgotsa e sule.
  • E fe sebaka. Fa o kopana le yone, ritibala, boela morago ka bonya mme o e tlogele e tsamaye ka tsela ya yone.
  • Fa e nngwe e go tlhaba: ritibala, o se ka wa tshikinyega, leletsa nomoro ya gago ya tshoganyetso (112, 000, 911) kgotsa o ye bookelong ka bonako. Gopola gore e ne e lebega jang, setshwantsho se a thusa.

Ga e go batle. E dirisa botlhole jwa yone go tshwara dijo kgotsa go itshireletsa, mme e rata go iphitlha go feta. Go le gontsi ka go nna o babalesegile

Kae mo lefatsheng?

AforikaAsiaYuropaAmerika BokoneAmerika BorwaAustralia le OceaniaLewatle la PacificLewatle la IndiaLewatle le LehibiduLewatle la CoralLewatle la PhilippinesLewatle la Timor le la ArafuraKou ya Bengal

E kgolo go le kae?

E telele go le kae?

Flower urchin e ka nna 20 cm ka boleele (7,9 in)Panana e ka nna 18 cm (7,1 in)Katse ya ntlo e ka nna 50 cm (1,6 ft)
boleele jo bo lekanang le diboloko tsa go aga tsa ditshamekisi di le 6 mo molengbonya go feta kgopa ya tshingwana

Flower urchin e kgolo go le kae fa e bapisiwa le WENA?

Ke dipalo fela mo sefetleng sa gago (browser). Ga go sepe se se bolokwang kgotsa se se romelwang gope.

E bonako go le kae?

go botlhokwa go itse

Dintlha

1

Unlike most venomous sea urchins, it does not sting through its spines. Its venom is delivered through the claws.1

2

A zebra crab, Zebrida adamsii, often lives attached to its shell. The crab is thought to be immune to its venom.1

3

Its flower-like claws are the source of its common name and are its most striking feature.1

4

Tiny shrimp, Athanas areteformis, sometimes live among its spines.1

5

In the seashell trade, its empty shells are called "mushroom urchins" because they look like mushroom caps.1

Mosenyi wa ditlhamane

Tlhamane: Sea urchins sting with their spines.

Nnete: Flower urchins do not deliver venom through their spines. Their venom comes from the flower-like claws, which snap shut and inject it.1

Ya baitseanape ba botlhole

Leina la saense
Toxopneustes pileolus
Setlhopha
Di-urchin, dinaledi tsa lewatle le diboko
Lelapa
Toxopneustidae2
Lekoko
Camarodonta
Dikontinente
Lewatle la India, Lewatle la Pacific, Lewatle le Lehibidu, Lewatle la Coral, Lewatle la Philippines, Lewatle la Timor le la Arafura, Kou ya Bengal, Mawatle
Masea
Eggs and sperm are released into the water during mass spawning events, and fertilisation happens outside the body.1
Kotsi go batho
4 / 5: E kotsi thata3

Kwa dintlha di tswang teng

  1. Toxopneustes pileolus (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Toxopneustes pileolus (iNaturalist): maina le thulaganyo ya mefuta.
  3. Venom Wiki: seelo sa kotsi, bogolo jo bo tlwaelegileng le kakanyo ya lebelo ke tsa rona. Bona kafa re di balang ka teng: Kafa re lekanyang kotsi ka teng.

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E tshela gape kwa: Lewatle la India

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Fepa phephengnkgwana ya dimpho, e e dira mahala