Venom Wiki / Dibopiwa tsotlhe / Dikobra, dimamba le dikrait

Nom. 0026 ya 1 402

Red spitting cobra

Naja pallida

E ka bolayaE ka go bolaya fa o sa alafiwe. Fa e go loma kgotsa e go tshwela botlhole mo matlhong, batla thuso ka bonako.

Dikobra, dimamba le dikrait

E a fafatsa kgotsa e a tshwelaE ja: Nama

Kotsi go batho: E kotsi thataE ka bolaya motho yo o sa alafiweng.

The red spitting cobra is a medium-sized cobra found in East Africa. When threatened, it can spray venom into an attacker's face, which can cause burning pain and blindness. It is often considered an attractive snake, usually bright salmon-red with a black throat band.1

E tshela kwa

East Africa, including Djibouti, Eritrea, Somalia, southern Egypt, Ethiopia, Tanzania, Sudan and Kenya1

Aforika

Gae

It mainly lives in dry savanna and semidesert up to about 1,200 metres above sea level, and can usually be found near water holes. By day, adults hide in termite mounds, old logs, holes and brush piles. It is known to raid chickens in the region.1

Boleele

70 cm go ya go 1,2 m (2,3 ft go ya go 3,9 ft)1

Lebelo le le kwa godimo

e ka nna 6,8 km/h (4,2 mph)

Mo lefatsheng, kakanyo fela

E ja eng?

It has a wide range of prey but prefers amphibians such as toads and frogs when they are available. It also eats rodents, birds and probably other snakes.1

Setshwantsho sa Red spitting cobra — Red spitting cobra. Setshwantsho: Steven G. Johnson. CC BY-SA 4.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Tsela ya go e lemoga

Usually bright salmon-red, with a broad black throat band and teardrop markings below the eyes1
Colour varies by region: specimens from southern Kenya and northern Tanzania are orange-red with a dark blue or black throat band1
The throat band often fades or disappears in larger adults, and true red specimens turn reddish-brown with age1
Adults typically measure 0.7 to 1.2 metres1
When threatened, it rears up, shows a cobra hood and hisses loudly1

Maatla a botlhole

E a fafatsa kgotsa e a tshwela

E fafatsa kgotsa e tshwela seedi se se fisang mo go ba ba e tlhaselang.

Botlhole jo e bo tsenyang bo dira eng?

Its venom contains a mixture of neurotoxins, which attack the nerves, and cytotoxins, which damage cells. A bite causes slight pain around the wound and numbness of the lips, fingers and tongue. Venom sprayed into the eyes causes burning pain and can cause blindness.1

E kotsi go le kae go batho?

Kotsi go batho: E kotsi thataE ka bolaya motho yo o sa alafiweng.

It seldom causes human deaths, but survivors of its bites are usually left disfigured. In September 2011, a snake keeper from South Africa died shortly after venom was sprayed into his face while he was photographing the snake. The venom is thought to have entered his nasal passages and caused anaphylactic shock, a severe allergic reaction, and his asthma may have contributed.1

E dira eng fa e tshogile?

When threatened, it rears up, displays its hood and hisses loudly, and if the intruder does not retreat, it may spray venom at the face. In very rare cases it sprays without first rearing up.1

Fa e loma kgotsa e tshwela

Dira gore motho a nne a sa tshikinyege a ritibetse, tlosa direng le dilo tse di tiileng, mme o mo ise bookelong ka bonako: antivenom ke yone kalafi.
Fa botlhole bo tshwetswe mo matlhong, a tlhatswe ka metsi a mantsi a a phepa ka yone nako eo.

Ka gale leletsa nomoro ya gago ya tshoganyetso pele (112, 000, 911). Se ke kaelo e e akaretsang ya thuso ya ntlha, ga se kgakololo ya bongaka. Motheo wa thuso ya ntlha

Nna o babalesegile

O se ka wa ama, wa tshwara kgotsa wa tshwenya phologolo ya naga, le fa e le e nnye, le fa e lebega e robetse kgotsa e sule.
E fe sebaka. Fa o kopana le yone, ritibala, boela morago ka bonya mme o e tlogele e tsamaye ka tsela ya yone.
Fa e nngwe e go loma kgotsa e go tshwela botlhole mo matlhong: ritibala, o se ka wa tshikinyega, leletsa nomoro ya gago ya tshoganyetso (112, 000, 911) kgotsa o ye bookelong ka bonako. Gopola gore e ne e lebega jang, setshwantsho se a thusa.

Ga e go batle. E dirisa botlhole jwa yone go tshwara dijo kgotsa go itshireletsa, mme e rata go iphitlha go feta. Go le gontsi ka go nna o babalesegile

Kae mo lefatsheng?

Aforika Asia Yuropa Amerika Bokone Amerika Borwa Australia le Oceania

E kgolo go le kae?

E telele go le kae?

boleele jo bo lekanang le dikatse tsa ntlo di le 2,5 go tloga kwa nkong go ya mogatlengboleele jo bo lekanang le dipanana di le 7 di latelanae ka taboga dimetara di le 100 ka metsotswana e le 53 (motho yo o bonako go gaisa o tlhoka 9,6)

Red spitting cobra e kgolo go le kae fa e bapisiwa le WENA?

Ke dipalo fela mo sefetleng sa gago (browser). Ga go sepe se se bolokwang kgotsa se se romelwang gope.

E bonako go le kae?

Motho yo o tsamayang e ka nna 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

Red spitting cobra e ka nna 6,8 km/h (4,2 mph)

Ngwana mo baesekeleng e ka nna 12 km/h (7,5 mph)

go botlhokwa go itse

Dintlha

Young red spitting cobras spit more venom, relative to their body size, than adults do.1

It is thought to be cannibalistic, which may explain why adults are night-active and smaller snakes are day-active.1

Adults are mainly active at night, while juveniles are more active during the day.1

Ya baitseanape ba botlhole

Leina la saense: Naja pallida
Setlhopha: Dikobra, dimamba le dikrait
Lelapa: Elapidae2
Lekoko: Squamata
Dikontinente: Aforika
Masea: It lays eggs (it is oviparous), with a clutch of 6 to 21 eggs.1
Kotsi go batho: 4 / 5: E kotsi thata3

Kwa dintlha di tswang teng

Red spitting cobra (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Naja pallida (iNaturalist): maina le thulaganyo ya mefuta.
Venom Wiki: seelo sa kotsi, bogolo jo bo tlwaelegileng le kakanyo ya lebelo ke tsa rona. Bona kafa re di balang ka teng: Kafa re lekanyang kotsi ka teng.

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