Venom Wiki / Mbindeef yépp / Serpent à sonnette

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South American rattlesnake

Crotalus durissus

Mën na reyMën na la rey su ñu la fajul. Su la màttee, wutal ndimbal ci gaaw.

Serpent à sonnette

Dafay màttDafay lekk: Yàpp

Musiba ci nit: Am na musiba loolMën na rey nit ku ñu fajul.

The South American rattlesnake is a large, highly venomous pit viper. It lives across much of South America, except the Andes Mountains, and also on some Caribbean islands. It is the most widely spread member of its genus, which is why it matters to people in so many places.1

Dafay dund ci

South America except the Andes, including Colombia, Venezuela, Brazil, Argentina and Paraguay; also some Caribbean islands, including Aruba1

Amerig gu Bëj-saalum

Kër

It prefers savanna and semi-arid areas, and is found in several types of scrub and seasonal forest. In the Chaco region of Paraguay, it lives in the drier, sandier areas.1

Guddaay

1,9 m (6,2 ft)1

Gaawaay bu gën a kawe

lu tollu ci 4 km/h (2,5 mph)

Ci suuf, xalaat

Lan lay lekk?

It eats mainly rodents, which are abundant and available all year in most of its range. In some regions it also eats lizards of the Teiidae family.1

Fotoy South American rattlesnake — South American rattlesnake. Foto: Leandro Avelar. CC BY-SA 4.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Ni ngay ko xàmmee

Two distinct stripes start at the base of the head, and the colour between the lines is lighter than the stripes.1
Body colour and pattern vary, but most have 18 to 32 dark diamond or rhombic spots along the back.1
The head has a dark brown bar at the top and a dark band behind the eye.1
The tail is usually grey, with dark, faint crossed bands.1
The belly is white or yellowish with light grey spots, getting darker towards the tail.1

Kàttanu daŋar

Dafay màtt

Daŋar bi dafay génn ci bëñam yi su màttee.

Lan la daŋar biy sóob di def?

Its venom contains neurotoxins, which attack the nerves, and myotoxins, which damage muscle. These cause progressive paralysis, including impaired or lost vision, hearing problems, drooping eyelids and weakness in the neck muscles, which can become so limp that the head appears broken. Breathing can eventually be stopped by paralysis, and the muscle damage can cause dark urine.1

Ni mu lore nit ñi?

Musiba ci nit: Am na musiba loolMën na rey nit ku ñu fajul.

It is a highly venomous snake. The mortality rate is 72% for bite cases without specific serum treatment, and 11% for cases with it. Acute kidney failure is considered the main cause of death.1

Xibaar bu baax: doktoor yi am nañu garab (sérum antivenimeux) walla ab paj ngir lii.1

Lan lay def bu tiitee?

It is highly alert and gives little warning before it strikes, but it is seldom aggressive towards people.1

Su màttee

Specific serum treatment (antivenom) greatly lowers the death rate, so a bite needs urgent hospital care to give it.1
Def ba nit ki bañ a yëngu te dal, yemale cër bi ñu màtt ak kawewaayu xol bi, dindi jaaro yi ak lu xat lépp, te yóbbu ko lopitaan ci gaaw.

Saa su nekk, woo jëkk sa nimerob urgence (112, 000, 911). Lii ay ndigal yu yaatu ci ndimbal yu jëkk la, du ndigalu doktoor. Li war a xam ci ndimbal yu jëkk

Sàmmal sa bopp

Bul laal mukk, bul jàpp, bul sonal ab rab bu àll, doonte bu ndaw la, te doonte dafa mel ni dafa nelaw walla dafa dee.
May ko bérab. Su nga ko gisee, dalal, dellu ginnaaw ndànk-ndànk te bàyyi ko mu dem yoonam.
Su benn màttee la: dalal, bul yëngu, woo sa nimerob urgence (112, 000, 911) walla dem lopitaan ci gaaw. Bul fàtte ni mu meloon, ab nataal dina dimbali.

Du la wut. Dafay jëfandikoo daŋaram ngir jàpp lu muy lekk walla ngir aar boppam, te nëbbu moo ko gën a neex. Yeneen ci ni ngay sàmme sa bopp

Fan ci àddina?

Afrig Asi Tugal Amerig gu Bëj-gànnaar Amerig gu Bëj-saalum Ostarali ak Oseyani

Ni mu réye?

Ni mu guddoo?

guddu na ni 4 muusu kër, bakkan ba geenguddu na ni 11 banaana yu ñu toftalemën na daw 100 meetar ci 90 segond (nit ki gën a gaaw soxla na 9,6)

South American rattlesnake ni mu réye ci wetu YOW?

Ay waññ rekk ci sa navigateur. Dara du denc te dara du yónnee fenn.

Ni mu gaawe?

Ab mbonaat lu tollu ci 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

South American rattlesnake lu tollu ci 4 km/h (2,5 mph)

Ab nit kuy dox lu tollu ci 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

baax na xam

Xibaar

The lethal dose for a 60 kg human is possibly 18 mg, while a snake's venom yield is 20 to 100 mg.1

Crotoxin, a neurotoxin, makes up about 48.5% to 89.4% of the venom proteins in one subspecies, though it is typically 60% to 70%.1

It is the most widely distributed member of its genus, and seven subspecies are currently recognised.1

It is more active at dusk and in the early hours of the morning.1

Males compete for access to females from the end of summer, with mating in autumn and the young born the following spring or summer.1

Tasukatu léeb

Xalaat bu juum: Yellow venom means the bite damages blood and tissue, and white venom means it attacks the nerves.

Dëgg: Venom colour does not determine the type. Colour depends on pigments in the venom, not on whether it is haemorrhagic or neurotoxic.1

Ngir boroom xam-xam ci daŋar

Turu xam-xam: Crotalus durissus
Mbooloo: Serpent à sonnette
Njaboot: Viperidae2
Toftal: Squamata
Kontinaa yi: Amerig gu Bëj-saalum
Liir yi: It gives birth to live young (ovoviviparous), usually four to eight at a time. In Roraima, Brazil, gestation has been reported to last five months, with up to 14 young.1
Musiba ci nit: 4 / 5: Am na musiba lool3

Fa xibaar yi jóge

Crotalus durissus (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Crotalus durissus (iNaturalist): tur ak ni ñu leen séddale.
Venom Wiki: tolluwaayu musiba bi, réyaay bu yem bi ak xalaatu gaawaay bi, nun ñoo leen defar. Seetal ni nu leen waññe: Ni nuy natte musiba.

Xibaar bu nekk ci xët wii am na ab nimero buy won fa mu jóge. Su nu juumee, baal nu, nun ay nit ñu bëgg rab lanu, du ab jurnaalu xam-xam. Wax nu ko ci [email protected] te dinanu ko jubbanti.

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