第 0238 號，共 1 402 號

Annulated sea snake

Hydrophis cyanocinctus

可能致命不治療的話可能會害死你。如果牠咬了你，要趕快求救。

咬吃：肉

The annulated sea snake is a venomous snake that lives in the sea. It is found in shallow coastal waters from the Persian Gulf across South and Southeast Asia to New Guinea. It is special because it gives birth to live young in the water, and scientists have studied how it gets oxygen to its brain while under water.1

分布在

Indian Ocean, from the Persian Gulf and Iran east to New Guinea, plus waters around Korea, Japan, the Solomon Islands and the South China Sea1

印度洋, 太平洋, 安達曼海, 南海, 珊瑚海, 阿拉伯海與波斯灣, 孟加拉灣

首頁

It lives in shallow coastal waters. It is often caught by accident in the nets of prawn trawlers.1

長度

1,4 m (4,5 ft)1

最高速度

大約 4,5 km/h（2,8 mph）

游泳, 粗略估計

牠吃什麼？

It feeds on marine invertebrates and on fish such as eels and gobies.1

Annulated sea snake 的照片 — Annulated sea snake。照片：unknown。 Public domain, Wikimedia Commons.

怎麼認出牠

Greenish-olive above, with blackish or olive bars or rings across the body, broadest on the back.1
Some snakes are yellowish instead, with a black band along the back and a few black bars on the neck.1
The bars can be joined by a black band along the belly.1
Adults can reach a head and body length of about 136 cm, with a tail of about 14 cm.1

毒液力量

咬

咬的時候，毒液會從毒牙或牙齒出來。

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 非常危險如果沒有治療，牠可能會害死一個人。

如果牠咬人

加壓固定法：用彈性繃帶緊緊包住咬傷處，再往上包住整條手臂或腿，用夾板固定，並讓傷者完全不動，直到救援抵達。
把傷者帶離水中，趕快送醫院。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果被牠咬了：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲太平洋印度洋珊瑚海南海安達曼海阿拉伯海與波斯灣孟加拉灣

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

跟 2,5 隻家貓從鼻子接到尾巴一樣長跟 8 根香蕉頭尾相接一樣長可以在 40 秒內游完一座大游泳池（50 公尺）

Annulated sea snake 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一個正在游泳的人 大約 3 km/h (1,9 mph)

Annulated sea snake 大約 4,5 km/h (2,8 mph)

奧運游泳選手 大約 8 km/h (5 mph)

值得知道

小知識

A 2019 study found that this snake has a complex network of blood vessels in its head, called the Modified Cephalic Vascular Network (MCVN). It helps supply the brain with extra oxygen from water while the snake is under water.1

Its venom gland, spleen, lungs and skin all contain a natural antimicrobial peptide called Hc-CATH, which helps fight microbes.1

Sea snakes have immune systems that let them resist both land-based and sea-based germs, because they meet a different range of germs than land snakes do.1

Although it lives at sea, this snake is a true snake that gives birth to live young rather than laying eggs.1

The peptide Hc-CATH is made from a larger protein of 187 amino acids called vipericidin.1

給毒液專家

學名: Hydrophis cyanocinctus
類群: 海蛇
家人: Elapidae2
排序: Squamata
各大洲: 印度洋, 太平洋, 安達曼海, 南海, 珊瑚海, 阿拉伯海與波斯灣, 孟加拉灣, 海洋
寶寶: The young are born alive, in broods of 3 to 16, and each newborn is about 38 cm long.1
對人的危險: 4 / 5: 非常危險3