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Boomslang 的卡通圖
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Boomslang

Dispholidus typus
名字的由來： The name comes from Dutch and Afrikaans, meaning "tree snake": boom is "tree" and slang is "snake".1
可能致命不治療的話可能會害死你。如果牠咬了你，要趕快求救。
後毒牙蛇 咬吃：肉
對人的危險: 非常危險如果沒有治療，牠可能會害死一個人。

The boomslang is a highly venomous tree snake from Sub-Saharan Africa. It spends most of its time in trees and bushes, though it also hunts and shelters on the ground. Its venom works slowly, so a bite can look harmless at first and still be life-threatening.1

分布在
Sub-Saharan Africa, from West Africa through Central and East Africa to much of Southern Africa1
非洲
首頁
It lives mainly in forests but also in karoo shrubs, savannahs, lowland forests and grasslands. It is an excellent climber and is mostly found in trees, but it often hunts or shelters on the ground and sometimes hides underground in harsh weather.1
長度
1 m 到 1,8 m (3,3 ft 到 6 ft)1
體重
175 g 到 510 g (6 oz 到 1,1 lb)1
最高速度
大約 6 km/h（3,7 mph）
在陸地上, 粗略估計
牠吃什麼？
It eats chameleons, other arboreal lizards, frogs, and occasionally small mammals, birds, and eggs from nests. It swallows its prey whole and will also eat other snakes, including members of its own species.1
是真的！Boomslang 的照片
Boomslang。照片：Miguel da Fonseca。 CC0, Wikimedia Commons.

怎麼認出牠

  • Adult males are light green with black or blue scale edges.1
  • Adult females are often brown.1
  • Very large eyes and a distinctive egg-shaped head.1
  • Average adults are 100 to 160 cm long, including the tail.1
  • Hatchlings: males are grey with blue speckles, females are pale brown.1

毒液力量

咬

咬的時候，毒液會從毒牙或牙齒出來。

牠的毒液有什麼作用？

Its venom is mainly a haemotoxin, a type of venom that disrupts blood clotting. Many tiny clots form in the blood, causing bleeding in tissues such as muscle and the brain, while the small blood vessels become clogged. Symptoms include headache, nausea, sleepiness and confusion, and can lead to cardiac arrest and unconsciousness. Because the venom is slow-acting, symptoms may not appear until many hours after a bite.1

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 非常危險如果沒有治療，牠可能會害死一個人。

Bites can be fatal. Of eight serious envenomations reported between 1919 and 1962, two were lethal. In 1957, a herpetologist died after being bitten by a juvenile. Hatchlings about 45 cm long are already dangerously venomous. Delayed symptoms can lead victims to wrongly believe a bite was a harmless dry bite.1

好消息：醫生有藥（抗毒血清）或治療方法。1

牠害怕時會做什麼？

It is timid and usually bites only when people try to handle, catch, chase or kill it. When cornered, it inflates its neck and takes an S-shaped striking pose.1

如果牠咬人

  • Antivenom is available and treatment is needed after a bite. Complete blood transfusions may also be required, especially if more than 24 to 48 hours pass without antivenom. Do not assume a bite is harmless just because no symptoms have appeared.1
  • 清洗咬傷處，讓傷者保持冷靜，並且就醫。有些種類（例如非洲樹蛇）可能在幾個小時後才致命。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。 急救基本知識

注意安全

  • 絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
  • 給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
  • 如果被牠咬了：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。 更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

Boomslang 大約 1,8 m 長 (6 ft)大人的腳踏車 大約 1,8 m (5,9 ft)一台汽車 大約 4,5 m (15 ft)

牠有多重？

跟 4 根香蕉一樣重
跟 4 隻家貓從鼻子接到尾巴一樣長跟 10 根香蕉頭尾相接一樣長可以在 60 秒內跑完 100 公尺（最快的人類需要 9.6 秒）

Boomslang 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

值得知道

小知識

1

An adult has only 1.6 to 8 mg of venom, but it is thought that 2 to 3 mg could be enough to kill a healthy adult human.1

2

It can open its jaws up to 170 degrees when biting.1

3

Its head is distinctly egg-shaped, and its eyes are exceptionally large.1

4

It often moves its head from side to side to get a better view of objects directly in front of it.1

5

When it is pursued by something too large to eat, it escapes by moving from branch to branch.1

破解迷思

迷思： Rear-fanged snakes cannot produce a lethal bite.

真相： For a long time many herpetologists believed this, but boomslang bites have caused deaths.1

給毒液專家

學名
Dispholidus typus
類群
後毒牙蛇
家人
Colubridae2
排序
Squamata
各大洲
非洲
寶寶
It lays eggs, on average 8 to 14 (up to 27 have been observed), in a hollow tree trunk or rotting log. The eggs take about 3 months to hatch.1
對人的危險
4 / 5: 非常危險3

知識的出處

  1. Boomslang (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Dispholidus typus (iNaturalist): 名稱和分類。
  3. Venom Wiki: 危險等級、一般大小和速度估計都是我們自己定的。看看我們是怎麼算出來的： 我們怎麼評估危險.

這一頁的每個知識都有一個數字，指向它的出處。如果我們寫錯了，對不起，我們是動物迷，不是科學期刊。寫信到 [email protected] 告訴我們，我們會修正。

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同一類群的其他動物: 後毒牙蛇

Cape twig snake後毒牙蛇可能致命Forest twig snake後毒牙蛇可能致命Bibron's stiletto snake後毒牙蛇需要看醫生Madagascar leaf-nosed snake後毒牙蛇只是會痛Montpellier snake後毒牙蛇只是會痛Eastern twig snake後毒牙蛇可能致命

也分布在: 非洲

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