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Fat-tailed scorpion 的卡通圖
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Fat-tailed scorpion

Androctonus australis
名字的由來： The name joins the Greek word for "man-killer" with the Latin word for "south", giving "southern man-killer".1
可能致命不治療的話可能會害死你。如果牠螫了你，要趕快求救。
蠍子 螫吃：肉
對人的危險: 非常危險如果沒有治療，牠可能會害死一個人。

The fat-tailed scorpion is a hardy desert scorpion from North Africa. It can survive powerful sandstorms without digging a burrow. Its venom is among the most dangerous of any scorpion in the world, so it is important to know it by sight and keep well away from it.1

分布在
North Africa1
非洲
首頁
It is found mainly in deserts and other arid places. During the day it hides in humid, dark places and comes out at night to hunt.1
長度
10 cm (3,9 in)1
最高速度
大約 2 km/h（1,2 mph）
在陸地上, 粗略估計
牠吃什麼？
It feeds on insects, small lizards and even small mammals, hunting at night. Cannibalism has been reported in this species.1
是真的！Fat-tailed scorpion 的照片
Fat-tailed scorpion。照片：unknown。 CC0, iNaturalist.

怎麼認出牠

  • It is a medium-sized scorpion that can grow up to 10 centimetres long.1
  • It has a very thick, powerful tail.1
  • Stripes run along the sides of its dome-shaped body.1
  • Its armour is covered in tiny dome-shaped granules.1
  • It is active at night and hides by day.1

常被誤認為： Generally similar scorpions from the Middle East and India were once thought to be this species. Recent studies treat them as different species.1

毒液力量

螫

毒液從螫針出來。

牠的毒液有什麼作用？

Its venom is very potent and is mainly made of neurotoxins (which attack the nerves), cardiotoxins (which harm the heart) and myotoxins (which damage muscle). It also contains hemotoxins, which affect the blood. Deaths in people usually occur through heart and breathing failure, and sometimes through bleeding in the brain, organ damage or shock.1

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 非常危險如果沒有治療，牠可能會害死一個人。

It is one of the world's most dangerous scorpions, due to the strength of its venom and its aggressive temperament. It claims several lives each year.1

如果牠螫人

  • 用冰敷袋冰敷螫傷處，讓傷者保持不動。趕快就醫，特別是小朋友：有些蠍子對小孩是致命的。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。 急救基本知識

注意安全

  • 絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
  • 給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
  • 如果被牠螫了：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。 更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

Fat-tailed scorpion 大約 10 cm 長 (3,9 in)一根迴紋針 大約 3 cm (1,2 in)一支智慧型手機 大約 15 cm (5,9 in)
跟 3 塊玩具積木排成一排一樣長可以在 180 秒內跑完 100 公尺（最快的人類需要 9.6 秒）

Fat-tailed scorpion 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

值得知道

小知識

1

It can withstand sandstorms strong enough to strip paint off steel, and it does not dig burrows to shelter from them.1

2

Researchers have considered copying this surface texture for use on aeroplanes and helicopters.1

3

Its armour has dome-shaped granules about 10 micrometres high, and scientists think this texture helps protect it from sand.1

4

The lethal dose (LD50) of its venom is 0.32 mg per kg when injected under the skin.1

5

Its venom contains a toxin called AaTX1, which was first found in this species.1

破解迷思

迷思： The fat-tailed scorpion lives across the Middle East and as far east as India.

真相： Older data suggested a wider range, but more recent studies have discredited this. It is found in North Africa.1

給毒液專家

學名
Androctonus australis
類群
蠍子
家人
Buthidae2
排序
Scorpiones
各大洲
非洲
對人的危險
4 / 5: 非常危險3

知識的出處

  1. Androctonus australis (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Androctonus australis (iNaturalist): 名稱和分類。
  3. Venom Wiki: 危險等級、一般大小和速度估計都是我們自己定的。看看我們是怎麼算出來的： 我們怎麼評估危險.

這一頁的每個知識都有一個數字，指向它的出處。如果我們寫錯了，對不起，我們是動物迷，不是科學期刊。寫信到 [email protected] 告訴我們，我們會修正。

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同一類群的其他動物: 蠍子

Deathstalker蠍子致命Emperor scorpion蠍子無害Arabian fat-tailed scorpion蠍子可能致命Transvaal thick-tailed scorpion蠍子可能致命European yellow-tailed scorpion蠍子無害Flat rock scorpion蠍子無害

也分布在: 非洲

Black mamba眼鏡蛇、曼巴蛇和環蛇致命Egyptian cobra眼鏡蛇、曼巴蛇和環蛇致命Puff adder蝰蛇致命Boomslang後毒牙蛇可能致命Gaboon viper蝰蛇可能致命Western honey bee蜜蜂、胡蜂和虎頭蜂只是會痛
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