第 1017 號，共 1 402 號

Samsum ant

Brachyponera sennaarensis

名字的由來： "Samsum" is an Arabic word meaning "sharp sword", probably a reference to the ant's stinger.1

只是會痛會痛，但不會對你造成嚴重傷害。

螞蟻

螫吃：每樣都來一點

對人的危險: 疼痛可能會非常痛，但幾乎從來不會很嚴重。

The samsum ant is a small ant that lives across much of Africa, the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. It often shares homes with people and is a common household pest. It matters because its sting is powerful and, in rare cases, can cause a severe allergic reaction that can be fatal.1

分布在

Africa, the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Introduced to the United States in 1943, and invasive in the United Arab Emirates and Saudi Arabia.1

非洲, 亞洲

首頁

Samsum ants are ground-dwelling and common around homes and towns, so people often meet them in households. In Iran, colonies were found along irrigation ditches in damp ground.1

長度

5 mm 到 6 mm (0,2 in 到 0,2 in)1

最高速度

大約 0,12 km/h（0,07 mph）

在陸地上, 粗略估計

牠吃什麼？

Samsum ants are omnivores and scavengers. They hunt small arthropods, including other ants, and sometimes larger ones such as cockroaches, using their stingers. They also eat seeds, which is unusual among ponerine ants.1

Samsum ant 的照片 — Samsum ant。照片：Jonghyun Park。 CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎麼認出牠

Body is dark brown to black-brown.1
Antennae, tarsi (foot segments) and tibiae (lower leg segments) are red.1
Body length is 5–6 mm.1
Head is broader than the mesosoma (the middle section of the body).1
Nest entrances are circular and 3–5 mm across.1

毒液力量

螫

毒液從螫針出來。

牠的毒液有什麼作用？

The sting is powerful. In rare cases it can cause anaphylactic shock, a severe allergic reaction, and death.1

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 疼痛可能會非常痛，但幾乎從來不會很嚴重。

The sting is known to be powerful, and in rare cases it has led to anaphylactic shock and death. Stings have been linked to anaphylaxis in many parts of the world, and the ant is considered a common household pest in several regions.1

牠害怕時會做什麼？

Samsum ants sting people as a defensive measure.1

如果牠螫人

清洗並冷敷螫傷處。
如果傷者呼吸困難、臉部或喉嚨腫脹，或覺得快要昏倒，這就是過敏急症：打緊急電話。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果被牠螫了：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

小到可以坐在你的指甲上

Samsum ant 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一隻花園蝸牛 大約 0,05 km/h (0,03 mph)

Samsum ant 大約 0,12 km/h (0,07 mph)

一隻陸龜 大約 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

值得知道

小知識

Their name comes from the Arabic word for "sharp sword", probably because of their sting.1

They are one of the only ponerine ants that eat seeds, having moved from a mostly meat diet to an omnivorous one.1

They are one of the few ponerine ants to be invasive, and they are considered invasive in the United Arab Emirates and Saudi Arabia.1

Among ponerine ants, the size difference between workers and queens is considered rare.1

給毒液專家

學名: Brachyponera sennaarensis
類群: 螞蟻
家人: Formicidae2
排序: Hymenoptera
各大洲: 非洲, 亞洲
寶寶: Winged males and females take part in nuptial flights shortly after rain.1
對人的危險: 2 / 5: 疼痛3