第 0269 號，共 1 402 號

Short-nosed sea snake

Aipysurus apraefrontalis

需要看醫生很少致命，但被咬了需要看醫生。

咬吃：肉

The short-nosed sea snake is a venomous snake that lives in the sea. It is found on reefs off the northern coast of Western Australia, and it spends its whole life in the water. Scientists know very little about it, and it is considered rare.1

分布在

Reefs off the northern coast of Western Australia, including Ningaloo Reef and the Ashmore and Cartier Islands1

印度洋, 珊瑚海, 帝汶海與阿拉弗拉海

首頁

It lives in the sea on reefs. It prefers water deeper than 10 metres, but rests during the day under coral overhangs in water less than 2 metres deep. It forages on reef flats.1

長度

60 cm (2 ft)1

最高速度

大約 3,6 km/h（2,2 mph）

游泳, 粗略估計

牠吃什麼？

It mostly preys on eels, and also on gobies. It forages on reef flats and uses its strong venom to subdue its prey.1

Short-nosed sea snake 的照片 — Short-nosed sea snake。照片：Kate L. Sanders, Tina Schroeder, Michael L. Guinea, and Arne R. Rasmussen。 CC BY 4.0, Wikimedia Commons.

怎麼認出牠

Mainly brown, with a slender body1
Darker purplish-brown bands along the body1
Small, pointed head1
Grows up to 60 cm long1

毒液力量

咬

咬的時候，毒液會從毒牙或牙齒出來。

牠的毒液有什麼作用？

It has strong venom, which it uses on its prey.1

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 嚴重被咬了需要看醫生。死亡案例非常罕見。

如果牠咬人

加壓固定法：用彈性繃帶緊緊包住咬傷處，再往上包住整條手臂或腿，用夾板固定，並讓傷者完全不動，直到救援抵達。
把傷者帶離水中，趕快送醫院。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果被牠咬了：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲印度洋珊瑚海帝汶海與阿拉弗拉海

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

跟 3 根香蕉頭尾相接一樣長可以在 50 秒內游完一座大游泳池（50 公尺）

Short-nosed sea snake 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一個正在游泳的人 大約 3 km/h (1,9 mph)

Short-nosed sea snake 大約 3,6 km/h (2,2 mph)

奧運游泳選手 大約 8 km/h (5 mph)

值得知道

小知識

It can stay underwater for as long as two hours, closing its nostril valves while it dives.1

It also absorbs oxygen through its skin, which is shed more often than in land snakes. This helps remove attached sea creatures.1

It has only one lung, which is cylindrical and almost as long as its body.1

Males have two penises, called hemipenes, but only one is used during mating.1

A gland under its tongue excretes salt.1

給毒液專家

學名: Aipysurus apraefrontalis
類群: 海蛇
家人: Elapidae2
排序: Squamata
各大洲: 印度洋, 珊瑚海, 帝汶海與阿拉弗拉海, 海洋
寶寶: It is ovoviviparous, so it gives birth to live young, and its whole reproductive cycle takes place at sea. Its broods are small.1
牠在野外的狀況: Data Deficient (IUCN Red List, 2018). It was assessed as Critically Endangered in 2010.1
對人的危險: 3 / 5: 嚴重3