第 0523 號，共 1 402 號

Sidewinder

Crotalus cerastes

名字的由來： The name sidewinder refers to its unusual sideways way of moving, which helps it cross loose, windblown desert sand.1

需要看醫生很少致命，但被咬了需要看醫生。

響尾蛇

咬吃：肉

對人的危險: 嚴重被咬了需要看醫生。死亡案例非常罕見。

The sidewinder is a small rattlesnake that lives in the deserts of the south-western United States and north-western Mexico. It gets its name from the unusual sideways way it moves over loose sand. It is venomous, but its venom is weaker than that of many other rattlesnakes.1

分布在

Desert regions of south-eastern California, southern Nevada, south-western Utah, western Arizona, western Sonora and eastern Baja California1

北美洲

首頁

It lives in desert regions, where it often lies almost buried in sand. It also uses small rodent burrows, both as shelter and as a place to give birth.1

長度

43 cm 到 80 cm (1,4 ft 到 2,6 ft)1

最高速度

大約 29 km/h（18 mph）

在陸地上: 常被報導的角響尾蛇最高速度

牠吃什麼？

Adults eat desert rodents, birds and other snakes. Juveniles wave their tails to attract lizards, which they then catch.1

Sidewinder 的照片 — Sidewinder。照片：derivative work: Victorrocha (talk · contribs) Crotalus_cerastes_mesquite_springs_CA.JPG: Tigerhawkvok (talk · contribs)。 CC BY-SA 3.0, Wikimedia Commons.

怎麼認出牠

Small, measuring 43 to 80 cm in total length including the tail.1
Raised scales above the eyes give it horns.1
The ground colour may be cream, buff, yellowish-brown, pink or ash grey, with 28 to 47 darker blotches along the back.1
It moves with a sidewinding motion, leaving a J-shaped track in the sand with the tip of the hook pointing in the direction of travel.1
Females are larger than males, which is unusual among United States rattlesnakes.1

毒液力量

咬

咬的時候，毒液會從毒牙或牙齒出來。

牠的毒液有什麼作用？

The venom causes pain, swelling and bruising, and can create bleeding blisters. Symptoms can include nausea, dizziness, chills, blood clotting disorders and shock. In one recorded case, a bitten man's whole arm was badly swollen and very painful within about 2.5 hours.1

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 嚴重被咬了需要看醫生。死亡案例非常罕見。

Its venom is weaker than that of many other rattlesnakes, and its venom glands are smaller, so it is less dangerous than its larger relatives. Any rattlesnake bite can still be fatal and should be taken seriously.1

好消息：醫生有藥（抗毒血清）或治療方法。1

如果牠咬人

Seek medical attention immediately after any rattlesnake bite. Consult a local expert or regional poison control centre before giving antivenom.1
讓傷者保持不動和冷靜，讓被咬的手臂或腿保持在和心臟一樣的高度，取下戒指和緊身的東西，並趕快送醫院。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果被牠咬了：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

跟 1,5 隻家貓從鼻子接到尾巴一樣長跟 4 根香蕉頭尾相接一樣長可以在 12 秒內跑完 100 公尺（最快的人類需要 9.6 秒）

Sidewinder 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

騎腳踏車的小朋友 大約 12 km/h (7,5 mph)

Sidewinder 大約 29 km/h (18 mph)

一個正在衝刺的人 大約 37 km/h (23 mph)

值得知道

小知識

The AIM-9 Sidewinder missile was named after this snake, because both use infrared signals to track their targets.1

Juveniles and adults use different hunting methods. Juveniles lure lizards with fast tail movements that look like a moth or slower ones that look like a caterpillar.1

The raised scales above its eyes may shade the eyes or stop sand drifting over them. When the snake strikes against a burrow roof, pressure on these horns folds them down, which is thought to protect the eyes.1

Newborn sidewinders huddle together in a burrow for their first week or so, plugging the entrance during the day. Their combined body heat keeps the group at an average of about 32 °C, which is warm enough for shedding.1

Sidewinding is also used by other desert snakes, such as the horned adder and Peringuey's adder, and by robots that copy this movement.1

給毒液專家

學名: Crotalus cerastes
類群: 響尾蛇
家人: Viperidae2
排序: Squamata
各大洲: 北美洲
寶寶: It gives birth to live young, usually five to 18 per litter, with an average of about 10.1
壽命: 大約 13 年1
牠在野外的狀況: Least Concern1
對人的危險: 3 / 5: 嚴重3