第 0272 號，共 1 402 號

Spine-tailed sea snake

Aipysurus eydouxii

名字的由來： The specific name eydouxii honours French naturalist Joseph Fortuné Théodore Eydoux.1

只是會痛會痛，但不會對你造成嚴重傷害。

海蛇

咬吃：肉

對人的危險: 疼痛可能會非常痛，但幾乎從來不會很嚴重。

The spine-tailed sea snake is a sea snake that lives in shallow bays and estuaries in northern Australia, South-East Asia and New Guinea. It is unusual because it eats almost only fish eggs, and it has lost its fangs. It is one of the few sea snakes whose bite is unlikely to be dangerous to people.1

分布在

Western Australia, Northern Territory, Queensland, South China Sea, Gulf of Thailand, Indonesia, Peninsular Malaysia, Vietnam and New Guinea1

印度洋, 太平洋, 珊瑚海, 帝汶海與阿拉弗拉海

首頁

It lives in shallow bays and estuaries, down to depths of 50 m (160 ft).1

長度

1 m (3,3 ft)1

最高速度

大約 3,8 km/h（2,4 mph）

游泳, 粗略估計

牠吃什麼？

It eats mostly the eggs of bottom-dwelling (benthic) fishes, and it has strong throat muscles that help it swallow them.1

Spine-tailed sea snake 的照片 — Spine-tailed sea snake。照片：R. Soedirman。 Public domain, Wikimedia Commons.

怎麼認出牠

Its head shields are regular and symmetrical.1
Its smooth scales on the back are arranged in 17 rows around the middle of the body.1
It has 141 to 149 distinct belly scales (ventrals) along its body and 27 to 30 scales under its tail (subcaudals).1
Adults can reach a snout to vent length (the distance from the tip of the snout to the vent) of about 1 m.1

毒液力量

咬

咬的時候，毒液會從毒牙或牙齒出來。

牠的毒液有什麼作用？

Unlike most sea snakes, it has lost its fangs, and its venom glands have shrunk and are almost entirely non-functional. Its venom is much weaker than that of related sea snakes, because a small change in one of its venom genes reduces the venom's toxicity.1

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 疼痛可能會非常痛，但幾乎從來不會很嚴重。

Because it has no fangs and its venom is very weak, its bite is unlikely to be a serious threat to people.1

如果牠咬人

加壓固定法：用彈性繃帶緊緊包住咬傷處，再往上包住整條手臂或腿，用夾板固定，並讓傷者完全不動，直到救援抵達。
把傷者帶離水中，趕快送醫院。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果被牠咬了：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲太平洋印度洋珊瑚海帝汶海與阿拉弗拉海

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

跟 2 隻家貓從鼻子接到尾巴一樣長跟 6 根香蕉頭尾相接一樣長可以在 47 秒內游完一座大游泳池（50 公尺）

Spine-tailed sea snake 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一個正在游泳的人 大約 3 km/h (1,9 mph)

Spine-tailed sea snake 大約 3,8 km/h (2,4 mph)

奧運游泳選手 大約 8 km/h (5 mph)

值得知道

小知識

It feeds almost exclusively on fish eggs, which is very unusual among sea snakes.1

Only one other species of sea snake, Emydocephalus annulatus, shares this egg-only diet.1

It has strong throat muscles, reduced teeth and a much smaller body than most other sea snakes, all linked to its special diet.1

It gives birth to live young, even though it is a snake that hatches its eggs inside the body.1

給毒液專家

學名: Aipysurus eydouxii
類群: 海蛇
家人: Elapidae2
排序: Squamata
各大洲: 印度洋, 太平洋, 珊瑚海, 帝汶海與阿拉弗拉海, 海洋
寶寶: It is ovoviviparous, so its eggs hatch inside the mother and the young are born alive.1
對人的危險: 2 / 5: 疼痛3