第 0157 号，共 1 402 张

Gwardar

Pseudonaja mengdeni

名字的由来： The scientific name Pseudonaja mengdeni honours Mengden, the person the species is named after; the name gwardar is one of its common names.1

可致命不治疗可能会要你的命。如果它咬了你，赶快求助。

澳大利亚的蛇

咬伤吃：肉

对人的危险: 非常危险不治疗可能会害死人。

The gwardar, also called Mengden's brown snake or the western brown snake, is a venomous snake found in dry parts of Australia. It is considered dangerously venomous, and its bite can cause severe symptoms that may lead to death.1

生活在

Endemic to Australia: from the coast of Western Australia through central Australia to north-west New South Wales and western Queensland1

澳大利亚和大洋洲

首页

It lives in dry to arid areas, including woodlands, spinifex deserts, sandplains, stony plains, croplands and grasslands. It is often found within fallen timber, dead trees, shrubs, native grasses and ground cavities.1

长度

2 m (6.6 ft)1

最高速度

约 7.5 公里/小时（4.7 英里/小时）

在陆地上, 粗略估计

它吃什么？

It preys on small reptiles, mammals, other snakes, ground-nesting birds and bird eggs.1

Gwardar的照片 — Gwardar。照片：Carl-st205。 CC BY-SA 4.0, Wikimedia Commons.

怎样认出它

Highly variable in colour, from light brown to almost black1
Two distinct forms: 'orange with black head' and 'pale head, grey nape'1
Scales on the head often form a black V or W pattern1
Cream, yellow, orange or grey belly, often with dark orange or grey blotches1
Slender body and narrow head, with a large strap-like scale around the front of the snout1

常被误认为： It is often confused with the eastern brown snake, which has a pink mouth lining, and the northern brown snake, which has a purplish or blue-black mouth lining. It is also confused with other brown snakes and the black-headed python. Telling species apart reliably requires scale counts, which should only be done by an experienced herpetologist.1

毒液之力

咬伤

它咬的时候，毒液通过毒牙或牙齿出来。

它的毒液会造成什么？

Its venom is neurotoxic, which attacks the nerves, and haemotoxic, which affects the blood. Its symptoms are severe and potentially fatal.1

它对人有多危险？

对人的危险: 非常危险不治疗可能会害死人。

It is considered dangerously venomous. Its bite can cause severe symptoms resulting in death. A scratch from its fangs can still be fatal.1

好消息：医生有药（抗毒血清）或治疗方法。1

它害怕时会做什么？

When threatened, it raises the front part of its body into an S-shape, lifts its head off the ground and opens its mouth.1

如果它咬人

First aid must be applied and medical attention sought straight away. Brown snake antivenom is the treatment used in case of envenoming.1
加压固定法：用有弹性的绷带紧紧缠住咬伤处，再缠满整条肢体，用夹板固定，让人完全不动，直到救援到来。
不要清洗咬伤处：医院可以检测皮肤上残留的毒液，以选择正确的抗毒血清。

一定先拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）。这里是一般急救指导，不是医疗建议。急救基础

注意安全

永远不要摸、抓或逗弄野生动物，即使是很小的，即使它看起来在睡觉或已经死了。
给它留出空间。如果遇到它，保持冷静，慢慢后退，让它走自己的路。
如果被它咬了：保持冷静，保持不动，拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）或尽快去医院。记住它长什么样，拍张照片会有帮助。

它不是冲着你来的。它用毒液捕猎或保护自己，而且它更愿意躲起来。更多安全知识

在世界哪里？

非洲亚洲欧洲北美洲南美洲澳大利亚和大洋洲

它有多大？

它有多长？

和 4 只家猫鼻子接尾巴一样长和 11 根香蕉首尾相接一样长48 秒就能跑完 100 米（最快的人需要 9.6 秒）

Gwardar和你比起来有多大？

只是在你的浏览器里算一算。什么都不会被保存或发送到任何地方。

它有多快？

一个在走路的人 约 5 公里/小时 (3.1 mph)

Gwardar 约 7.5 公里/小时 (4.7 mph)

一个骑自行车的孩子 约 12 公里/小时 (7.5 mph)

值得了解

事实

It is mainly active during the day, though it can be active on warm nights.1

Hybridisation between Pseudonaja species makes identifying them difficult.1

给毒液专家

学名: Pseudonaja mengdeni
类别: 澳大利亚的蛇
家人: Elapidae2
排序: Squamata
大洲: 澳大利亚和大洋洲
宝宝: It is oviparous, meaning it lays eggs, with up to more than 12 eggs per clutge.1
对人的危险: 4 / 5: 非常危险3