第 0165 号，共 1 402 张

King brown snake

Pseudechis australis

名字的由来： The name "king brown" refers to the great size of individuals in the north and northwest of Australia, which can exceed 3 m in length.1

可致命不治疗可能会要你的命。如果它咬了你，赶快求助。

澳大利亚的蛇

咬伤吃：肉

对人的危险: 非常危险不治疗可能会害死人。

The king brown snake is a highly venomous snake and the largest land-dwelling venomous snake in Australia. It lives across northern, western and Central Australia. Its size and venom make it one of the most important snakes to recognise in the region.1

生活在

Northern, western and Central Australia. Found in all states except Victoria and Tasmania.1

澳大利亚和大洋洲

首页

King brown snakes are habitat generalists. They live in woodlands, grasslands, scrublands and sandy or stony deserts, and prefer wetter areas such as watercourses in dry regions. They are often found in wheat fields, rubbish piles and empty buildings, and sometimes become trapped in mine shafts.1

长度

2 m到3.3 m (6.6 ft到11 ft)1

体重

3 kg到6 kg (6.6 lb到13 lb)1

最高速度

约 8.7 公里/小时（5.4 英里/小时）

在陆地上, 粗略估计

它吃什么？

King brown snakes are generalist predators. They eat frogs, lizards, other snakes, birds, small mammals and spiders, including funnel-web spiders. They have also been known to eat roadkill and to eat other king brown snakes.1

King brown snake的照片 — King brown snake。照片：Smacdonald。 CC BY 3.0, Wikimedia Commons.

怎样认出它

A large, robust snake that can reach 2.0 to 2.5 m, with a maximum confirmed length of 3.3 m.1
Colour varies by area: tan in the north, and darker brown to blackish in the south.1
Scales are two-toned, giving the upper body a reticulated (net-like) pattern.1
The belly is cream, white or salmon, and often has orange marks.1
The head is slightly wider than the body, with small eyes that have red-brown irises and a dark tongue.1

常被误认为： King brown snakes can be confused with brown snakes of the genus Pseudonaja, olive pythons, water pythons, spotted mulga snakes and coastal taipans. In eastern brown snakes, the temporolabial scale and last supralabial scale (scales above the mouth) are fused. In king brown snakes, they are separate.1

毒液之力

咬伤

它咬的时候，毒液通过毒牙或牙齿出来。

它的毒液会造成什么？

The venom is not as potent as that of Australia's other dangerous snakes, but it can cause severe effects if delivered in large enough amounts. Its main effect is on striated (skeletal) muscle, which can cause paralysis through muscle damage. It also commonly affects blood clotting (coagulopathy).1

它对人有多危险？

对人的危险: 非常危险不治疗可能会害死人。

Deaths from its bites have been recorded, with the most recent in 1969. Extensive pain and swelling often occur at the bite site, and necrosis (death of tissue) occurs rarely.1

好消息：医生有药（抗毒血清）或治疗方法。1

如果它咬人

Victims are treated with black snake (not brown snake) antivenom.1
加压固定法：用有弹性的绷带紧紧缠住咬伤处，再缠满整条肢体，用夹板固定，让人完全不动，直到救援到来。
不要清洗咬伤处：医院可以检测皮肤上残留的毒液，以选择正确的抗毒血清。

一定先拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）。这里是一般急救指导，不是医疗建议。急救基础

注意安全

永远不要摸、抓或逗弄野生动物，即使是很小的，即使它看起来在睡觉或已经死了。
给它留出空间。如果遇到它，保持冷静，慢慢后退，让它走自己的路。
如果被它咬了：保持冷静，保持不动，拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）或尽快去医院。记住它长什么样，拍张照片会有帮助。

它不是冲着你来的。它用毒液捕猎或保护自己，而且它更愿意躲起来。更多安全知识

在世界哪里？

非洲亚洲欧洲北美洲南美洲澳大利亚和大洋洲

它有多大？

它有多长？

它有多重？

和 1.5 只家猫一样重

和 3 只狗鼻子接尾巴一样长和 18 根香蕉首尾相接一样长差不多和一只家猫一样重41 秒就能跑完 100 米（最快的人需要 9.6 秒）

King brown snake和你比起来有多大？

只是在你的浏览器里算一算。什么都不会被保存或发送到任何地方。

它有多快？

一个在走路的人 约 5 公里/小时 (3.1 mph)

King brown snake 约 8.7 公里/小时 (5.4 mph)

一个骑自行车的孩子 约 12 公里/小时 (7.5 mph)

值得了解

事实

Its name causes a real problem: its venom is not neutralised by brown snake antivenom, so the name has been criticised by medical researchers.1

It is the largest terrestrial venomous snake in Australia.1

In the Kaytetye language of Central Australia, it is called atetherr-ayne-wene, meaning "budgerigar-eater".1

Despite its common name, it belongs to the black snake genus Pseudechis and is only distantly related to true brown snakes.1

Males are around 20% larger than females.1

It has been reported to live up to 25 years in captivity.1

谣言粉碎机

谣言： Because it is called a brown snake, brown snake antivenom will treat its bite.

真相： Its venom is not neutralised by brown snake antivenom. Victims are treated with black snake antivenom.1

给毒液专家

学名: Pseudechis australis
类别: 澳大利亚的蛇
家人: Elapidae2
排序: Squamata
大洲: 澳大利亚和大洋洲
宝宝: King brown snakes lay eggs. A female produces a clutch of four to 19 eggs, usually around 10, which take 70 to 100 days to hatch.1
寿命: 约 25 年1
它在野外过得怎么样: Least concern (IUCN), though its numbers may have declined with the spread of the cane toad.1
对人的危险: 4 / 5: 非常危险3