第 0156 号，共 1 402 张

Northern brown snake

Pseudonaja nuchalis

名字的由来： The name gwardar comes from an Aboriginal language and means "go the long way around", which is advice for anyone who meets one in the wild.1

可致命不治疗可能会要你的命。如果它咬了你，赶快求助。

澳大利亚的蛇

咬伤吃：肉

对人的危险: 非常危险不治疗可能会害死人。

The northern brown snake is a fast, highly venomous snake found across the north of Australia. It lives in dry country, woodlands and grasslands, and sometimes near towns. It matters because its bite can be deadly, so it is important to know what it looks like and to keep your distance.1

生活在

Across the north of the Australian continent, including the Northern Territory, Queensland and Western Australia1

澳大利亚和大洋洲

首页

It prefers drier habitats but is also found in coastal eucalypt forests, woodlands and grasslands. It hides in crevices and under rocks, and in urban areas it can be found under rubbish or tin piles.1

长度

1.8 m (5.9 ft)1

最高速度

约 7.5 公里/小时（4.7 英里/小时）

在陆地上, 粗略估计

它吃什么？

It preys on small mammals and reptiles, including lizards and mice. It kills its prey with a combination of venom and constriction, which means squeezing the prey in its coils.1

Northern brown snake的照片 — Northern brown snake。照片：coenobita。 CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎样认出它

Its back can be shades of orange-brown with flecks and bands, or it can be plain.1
Its belly is cream to orange with pink blotches.1
Some individuals have jet black heads.1
Others have a black 'V' shape on the back of the neck, just below the head.1
It grows up to 1.8 m in total length, including the tail.1

常被误认为： Some northern brown snakes have jet black heads, which can cause them to be confused with the black-headed python.1

毒液之力

咬伤

它咬的时候，毒液通过毒牙或牙齿出来。

它的毒液会造成什么？

Its venom contains neurotoxins, which attack the nerves, nephrotoxins, which damage the kidneys, and a procoagulant, which affects blood clotting. Although its venom is not the most toxic in the brown snake genus, each bite can deliver a relatively large amount, so it has a high potential to cause a deadly bite. Human symptoms include headache, nausea or vomiting, abdominal pain, severe coagulopathy (serious blood clotting problems) and sometimes kidney damage.1

它对人有多危险？

对人的危险: 非常危险不治疗可能会害死人。

The northern brown snake has a high potential to deliver a deadly bite. The bite is usually painless and is difficult to see because the fangs are small, so a bite can go unnoticed. In dogs and cats, paralysis is also likely to occur.1

它害怕时会做什么？

It usually prefers to retreat from danger, but it is very aggressive when disturbed or threatened and will defend itself if cornered.1

如果它咬人

加压固定法：用有弹性的绷带紧紧缠住咬伤处，再缠满整条肢体，用夹板固定，让人完全不动，直到救援到来。
不要清洗咬伤处：医院可以检测皮肤上残留的毒液，以选择正确的抗毒血清。

一定先拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）。这里是一般急救指导，不是医疗建议。急救基础

注意安全

永远不要摸、抓或逗弄野生动物，即使是很小的，即使它看起来在睡觉或已经死了。
给它留出空间。如果遇到它，保持冷静，慢慢后退，让它走自己的路。
如果被它咬了：保持冷静，保持不动，拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）或尽快去医院。记住它长什么样，拍张照片会有帮助。

它不是冲着你来的。它用毒液捕猎或保护自己，而且它更愿意躲起来。更多安全知识

在世界哪里？

非洲亚洲欧洲北美洲南美洲澳大利亚和大洋洲

它有多大？

它有多长？

和 4 只家猫鼻子接尾巴一样长和 10 根香蕉首尾相接一样长48 秒就能跑完 100 米（最快的人需要 9.6 秒）

Northern brown snake和你比起来有多大？

只是在你的浏览器里算一算。什么都不会被保存或发送到任何地方。

它有多快？

一个在走路的人 约 5 公里/小时 (3.1 mph)

Northern brown snake 约 7.5 公里/小时 (4.7 mph)

一个骑自行车的孩子 约 12 公里/小时 (7.5 mph)

值得了解

事实

Although it is generally shy, it has been known to practise cannibalism, though this is not common.1

It can climb small shrubs or trees, although it is not a tree-dwelling species.1

Its name, gwardar, is an Aboriginal word meaning "go the long way around".1

It may become active at night during the warmer months, but it is otherwise active during the day and enjoys sunlight.1

谣言粉碎机

谣言： Snakes like this one always attack people.

真相： The northern brown snake is generally cautious and shy, and it usually retreats rather than attacks. It only defends itself strongly when it is cornered or threatened.1

给毒液专家

学名: Pseudonaja nuchalis
类别: 澳大利亚的蛇
家人: Elapidae2
排序: Squamata
大洲: 澳大利亚和大洋洲
宝宝: The mating season is roughly from September to November, and the female usually produces around 11 to 14 eggs, but may produce up to 38.1
对人的危险: 4 / 5: 非常危险3