第 0164 号，共 1 402 张

Red-bellied black snake

Pseudechis porphyriacus

名字的由来： The species name porphyriacus comes from the Greek porphyrous, which can mean dark purple, red-purple or beauteous.1

需要看医生很少致命，但被咬了要去看医生。

澳大利亚的蛇

咬伤吃：肉

对人的危险: 严重被咬了要去看医生。死亡非常罕见。

The red-bellied black snake is a venomous snake found along the east coast of Australia, where it is one of the most commonly met snakes. It is glossy black on top, with bright red or orange sides. It often lives near water, and it sometimes turns up in backyards in towns and cities.1

生活在

Eastern Australia, from central Queensland south through New South Wales and Victoria to South Australia1

澳大利亚和大洋洲

首页

It is common in woodlands, forests, swamps, and along river banks and waterways. It often goes into nearby urban areas and backyards, and it prefers shallow water with tangles of water plants, logs or debris, such as dams, streams and billabongs.1

长度

2.5 m (8.4 ft)1

体重

10 kg (22 lb)1

最高速度

约 7.8 公里/小时（4.8 英里/小时）

在陆地上, 粗略估计

它吃什么？

It mainly eats frogs, and also hunts fish, tadpoles, lizards, small mammals and other snakes, including the eastern brown snake. It hunts on or under the water surface and may stir up the bottom to disturb prey.1

Red-bellied black snake的照片 — Red-bellied black snake。照片：unknown。 CC0, iNaturalist.

怎样认出它

Glossy black upperparts with a light-grey snout and a completely black tail1
Bright red or orange flanks that fade to a pink or dull red belly1
No well-defined neck, so the head merges into the body1
Adults average about 1.25 m in total length, including the tail1

常被误认为： Juveniles look similar to the eastern small-eyed snake, but that species lacks red flanks. Other similar snakes include the blue-bellied black snake and copperheads of the genus Austrelaps.1

毒液之力

咬伤

它咬的时候，毒液通过毒牙或牙齿出来。

它的毒液会造成什么？

Its venom contains neurotoxins, which attack the nerves, myotoxins, which damage muscle, and coagulants, which affect blood clotting. It also has haemolytic properties, meaning it can break down red blood cells. Bites can cause severe pain, local swelling, prolonged bleeding and local tissue death, especially on a finger. Victims can also lose their sense of smell, and nausea, vomiting, headache, abdominal pain, diarrhoea or heavy sweating can follow.1

它对人有多危险？

对人的危险: 严重被咬了要去看医生。死亡非常罕见。

No deaths have been recorded from its bite. It is less venomous than many other Australian elapid snakes, but it can still cause significant illness. It accounted for 16% of identified snakebite victims in Australia between 2005 and 2015. Severe local reactions may need surgery or, rarely, amputation.1

它害怕时会做什么？

It is not aggressive and usually withdraws. If provoked, it raises its head and front body into a striking stance, widens and flattens its neck, and may bite as a last resort.1

如果它咬人

加压固定法：用有弹性的绷带紧紧缠住咬伤处，再缠满整条肢体，用夹板固定，让人完全不动，直到救援到来。
不要清洗咬伤处：医院可以检测皮肤上残留的毒液，以选择正确的抗毒血清。

一定先拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）。这里是一般急救指导，不是医疗建议。急救基础

注意安全

永远不要摸、抓或逗弄野生动物，即使是很小的，即使它看起来在睡觉或已经死了。
给它留出空间。如果遇到它，保持冷静，慢慢后退，让它走自己的路。
如果被它咬了：保持冷静，保持不动，拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）或尽快去医院。记住它长什么样，拍张照片会有帮助。

它不是冲着你来的。它用毒液捕猎或保护自己，而且它更愿意躲起来。更多安全知识

在世界哪里？

非洲亚洲欧洲北美洲南美洲澳大利亚和大洋洲

它有多大？

它有多长？

它有多重？

和 2.5 只家猫一样重

和 2.5 只狗鼻子接尾巴一样长和 14 根香蕉首尾相接一样长46 秒就能跑完 100 米（最快的人需要 9.6 秒）

Red-bellied black snake和你比起来有多大？

只是在你的浏览器里算一算。什么都不会被保存或发送到任何地方。

它有多快？

一个在走路的人 约 5 公里/小时 (3.1 mph)

Red-bellied black snake 约 7.8 公里/小时 (4.8 mph)

一个骑自行车的孩子 约 12 公里/小时 (7.5 mph)

值得了解

事实

It can stay underwater for as long as 23 minutes after fleeing into water.1

Some populations have evolved increased resistance to cane toad toxin in less than 75 years.1

Males of the species may wrestle in ritualised combat in spring, and rarely bite while doing so.1

A male was reported to travel 1,220 m in a single day while roaming for mates in spring.1

In winter it becomes relatively inactive rather than truly hibernating, and groups of up to six have been found under concrete slabs.1

谣言粉碎机

谣言： The red-bellied black snake is harmless and not venomous, because it has no visible fangs.

真相： It is venomous and front-fanged, like all elapid snakes. It is less dangerous than many other Australian species, and no deaths have been recorded from its bite.1

给毒液专家

学名: Pseudechis porphyriacus
类别: 澳大利亚的蛇
家人: Elapidae2
排序: Squamata
大洲: 澳大利亚和大洋洲
宝宝: It gives birth to live young, usually in February or March, with between eight and 40 young per litter.1
寿命: 约 25 年1
它在野外过得怎么样: Least concern (IUCN), although its numbers are thought to be declining1
对人的危险: 3 / 5: 严重3