Venom Wiki / Izaki guztiak / Sugegorri zulodunak

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Mamushi

Gloydius blomhoffii

Izenari buruz: The specific name blomhoffii honours Jan Cock Blomhoff, who was director of the Dutch trading colony in Nagasaki, Japan, from 1817 to 1824.1

Hil dezakeTratamendurik gabe hil zaitzake. Kosk egiten badizu, eskatu laguntza azkar.

Sugegorri zulodunak

KoskaJaten du: Haragia

Arriskua pertsonentzat: Oso arriskutsuaTratamendurik jasotzen ez duen pertsona bat hil dezake.

The mamushi is a pit viper, a type of snake that has heat-sensing pits between its eyes and nostrils. It lives in Japan, in places such as swamps, meadows and farmland. It matters because its bite is one of the most dangerous of Japan's snakes.1

Non bizi den

Japan only. There is no evidence it occurs in the Ryukyu Islands.1

Asia

Hasiera

It lives in swamps, marshes, meadows, open woodland, rocky hillsides and montane rock outcroppings. It is often found in and around farmland because rodents are common there.1

Luzera

45 cm eta 81 cm artean (1,5 ft eta 2,7 ft artean)1

Abiadura handiena

3,3 km/h inguru (2,1 mph)

Lehorrean, kalkulu gutxi gorabeherakoa

Zer jaten du?

It is an ambush predator. It waits hidden in vegetation or leaf litter, then eats mainly rodents, along with small birds, lizards and insects.1

Argazkia: Mamushi — Mamushi. Argazkia: Alpsdake. CC BY-SA 4.0, iNaturalist.

Nola ezagutu

Background colour is pale grey, reddish-brown or yellow-brown.1
A series of irregular blotches runs along the body. Each blotch has a black border and often a lighter centre.1
The head is dark brown or black, with beige or pale-grey sides.1
Adults are typically 45 to 81 cm long.1
It has excellent camouflage and often hides among plants or leaf litter.1

Askotan honekin nahasten da: It is similar to the cottonmouths and copperheads (Agkistrodon) of the Americas, and it was long considered part of the same group.1

Pozoi-ahalmena

Koska

Pozoia letaginetatik edo hortzetatik ateratzen da kosk egiten duenean.

Zer egiten du bere pozoiak?

Its venom is mostly haemolytic, meaning it breaks down red blood cells. It also contains two neurotoxins, which attack the nerves, and an anticoagulant, which stops blood from clotting. Reported effects include kidney failure, visual disturbances and palsy (paralysis).1

Zein arriskutsua da pertsonentzat?

Arriskua pertsonentzat: Oso arriskutsuaTratamendurik jasotzen ez duen pertsona bat hil dezake.

About 2000 to 3000 people in Japan are bitten by a mamushi each year. Approximately 10 die annually. Severe bites require intensive care, and typical bite victims need about one week of hospital treatment.1

Albiste ona: medikuek badute sendagai bat (antipozoia) edo tratamendu bat honetarako.1

Kosk egiten badu

Treatment is given in hospital. It involves cutting the wound to remove venom and injecting mamushi antivenom. Pregnant women who are bitten have had miscarriages, so medical care is essential.1
Eutsi pertsona geldi eta lasai, eduki koska jasotako gorputz-adarra bihotzaren mailan, kendu eraztunak eta gauza estuak, eta joan ospitalera azkar.

Deitu beti lehenik zure larrialdi-zenbakira (112, 000, 911). Lehen sorospenei buruzko orientabide orokorra da hau, ez mediku-aholkua. Lehen sorospenen oinarriak

Egon seguru

Ez ukitu, ez harrapatu eta ez zirikatu inoiz animalia basati bat, txikia izan arren, eta lo edo hilda dagoela badirudi ere.
Utzi tartea. Bat aurkitzen baduzu, egon lasai, egin atzera poliki eta utzi bere bidetik joaten.
Batek kosk egiten badizu: egon lasai, egon geldi, deitu zure larrialdi-zenbakira (112, 000, 911) edo joan ospitalera azkar. Gogoratu nolakoa zen, argazki batek laguntzen du.

Ez dabil zure atzetik. Pozoia janaria harrapatzeko edo bere burua babesteko erabiltzen du, eta askoz nahiago du ezkutatu. Seguru egoteari buruz gehiago

Munduko zein tokitan?

Afrika Asia Europa Ipar Amerika Hego Amerika Australia eta Ozeania

Zein handia da?

Zein luzea da?

1,5 etxeko katu muturretik buztanera jarrita bezain luzea5 banana bata bestearen atzetik jarrita bezain luzea100 metro 110 segundotan egin litzake (gizakirik azkarrenak 9,6 behar ditu)

Zein handia da Mamushi ZUREKIN alderatuta?

Matematika hutsa zure nabigatzailean. Ez da ezer gordetzen, ezta inora bidaltzen ere.

Zein azkarra da?

Dortoka bat 0,3 km/h inguru (0,19 mph)

Mamushi 3,3 km/h inguru (2,1 mph)

Oinez doan pertsona bat 5 km/h inguru (3,1 mph)

jakin beharrekoa

Datuak

Recovery takes a long time. Bite victims may need several months to fully recover, even after hospital treatment and weeks of follow-up care.1

It is highly resistant to its own venom because its blood contains neutralising factors, including phospholipase A2 (PLA2) inhibitors.1

Its beta-toxin acts before the nerve junction, so anticholinesterase drugs cannot block or treat its effects.1

Its venom contains a peptide called ablomin, which is very similar in amino acid sequence to helothermine, a venom peptide of the Mexican beaded lizard.1

It is considered one of the most venomous snakes in Japan, along with the yamakagashi and the Okinawan habu.1

Its venom varies very little across Japan in either potency or effects.1

Pozoi-adituentzat

Izen zientifikoa: Gloydius blomhoffii
Taldea: Sugegorri zulodunak
Familia: Viperidae2
Ordena: Squamata
Kontinenteak: Asia
Arriskua pertsonentzat: 4 / 5: Oso arriskutsua3

Datuak nondik datozen

Mamushi (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Gloydius blomhoffii (iNaturalist): izenak eta sailkapena.
Venom Wiki: arrisku-maila, ohiko tamaina eta abiadura-kalkulua geureak dira. Ikusi nola kalkulatzen ditugun: Nola baloratzen dugun arriskua.

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