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Eserese katuun nke Toxic zoanthid
Nọmba 1399 n'ime 1 402

Toxic zoanthid

Palythoa toxica
Gbasara aha ya: Its Hawaiian name, limu-make-o-Hana, means 'seaweed of death from Hana', after the Hana district of Maui where it was first found.1
Nwere ike igbu mmadụEmetụla ya akaỌ nwere ike igbu mmadụ ma ọ bụrụ na enweghị ọgwụgwọ. Ọ bụrụ na mmadụ metụ ya aka ma ọ bụ rie ya, chọọ enyemaka ngwa ngwa.
Anụmanụ ndị ọzọ nwere nsị n'ahụ Nsị n'akpụkpọ ahụ yaNwere nsị n'ahụ, ọ naghị agba nsị
Ihe ize ndụ nye mmadụ: Ọ dị egwu nke ukwuuỌ nwere ike igbu onye na-enwetaghị ọgwụgwọ.

Palythoa toxica is a small, crust-like sea animal, called a zoanthid, that grows on rocks. It lives in Hawaii and is special because it is the species from which the very poisonous substance palytoxin was first discovered and isolated.1

Nwere nsị n'ahụ ka ọ na-agba nsị? Anụmanụ na-agba nsị na-agbanye nsị site n'ịta ma ọ bụ ịgba. Anụmanụ nwere nsị n'ahụ na-emerụ ahụ ma e metụ ha aka ma ọ bụ rie ha. Nke a nwere nsị n'ahụ.
Ebe obibi
Native to Hawaii; has been found sporadically throughout the state, first discovered on Maui1
Oké Osimiri Pasifik, Oké Osimiri India, Osimiri Coral, Osimiri Filipin, Osimiri Ndịda China
Ụlọ
It was first found in a shallow rock pool about 25 cm deep that received fresh water when heavy rain fell, so it can live in water of changing salt levels. It has also been sold to keepers of reef aquariums, where people have been poisoned by handling it carelessly.1
Ogologo
1.5 cm (0.6 in)3
nha okenye nkịtị
Ọsọ kacha elu
ihe dị ka 0.5 km/h (0.31 mph)
Igwu mmiri, nchepụta
N'ezie!Foto Toxic zoanthid
Toxic zoanthid. Foto: [1]. CC BY-SA 4.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Otú ị ga-esi mata ya

  • It grows as a flat, encrusting layer over rock.1
  • It has a firm, tough outer covering.1
  • Its polyps are partly sunk into a cushiony mat that spreads across the rock and contains sand grains and bits of debris.1
  • Each polyp has a broad mouth disc with a fringe of tentacles.1
  • Its colour varies but is usually cream, grey or pale brown.1

Ike nsị

Nsị n'akpụkpọ ahụ ya

Akpụkpọ ahụ ya nwere nsị. Ọ dị egwu imetụ ya aka, iracha ya ma ọ bụ iri ya.

Gịnị ka nsị dị n'ahụ ya na-eme?

It is not venomous in the sense of injecting venom with a bite or sting. It contains palytoxin, one of the most poisonous substances known.1

Kedu otú o si dị egwu nye mmadụ?

Ihe ize ndụ nye mmadụ: Ọ dị egwu nke ukwuuỌ nwere ike igbu onye na-enwetaghị ọgwụgwọ.

Palytoxin is one of the most poisonous substances known, and people have been poisoned by handling this animal in reef aquariums.1

Ọ bụrụ na mmadụ metụrụ ya aka ma ọ bụ rie ya

  • Ọ bụrụ na mmadụ riri ya ma ọ bụ nwee mgbaàmà mgbe o risịrị ya: kpọọ nọmba mberede gị ma ọ bụ ụlọ ọrụ ndụmọdụ nsị (poison centre) ozugbo.

Na-ebu ụzọ kpọọ nọmba mberede gị mgbe niile (112, 000, 911). Nke a bụ ndụmọdụ enyemaka mbụ n'ozuzu, ọ bụghị ndụmọdụ ọgwụ. Isi ihe enyemaka mbụ

Nọrọ na nchekwa

  • Emetụla anụ ọhịa aka, ejidela ya, emekwala ya ihe ọjọọ, ọbụna obere, ọbụna ma ọ dị ka ọ na-ehi ụra ma ọ bụ nwụọ anwụ.
  • Nye ya ohere. Ọ bụrụ na ị zutere otu, dị jụụ, laghachi azụ nwayọ, hapụ ya ka ọ gaa ụzọ ya.
  • Ọ bụrụ na i metụrụ ya aka ma ọ bụ rie ya: ehichala anya gị ma ọ bụ ọnụ gị, saa aka gị, chọọkwa enyemaka ọgwụ.

Ọ naghị achụ gị. Nsị ya dị naanị ka ihe ọ bụla ghara iri ya. Ihe ndị ọzọ gbasara ịnọ na nchekwa

Ebee n'ụwa?

AfrịkaEshiaYuropUgwu AmerikaNdịda AmerikaỌstrelia na OsheniaOké Osimiri PasifikOké Osimiri IndiaOsimiri CoralOsimiri Ndịda ChinaOsimiri Filipin

Ọ hà aṅaa?

Kedu otú o si dị ogologo?

Toxic zoanthid ogologo ya dị ihe dị ka 1.5 cm (0.6 in)Otu mkpụrụ osikapa ihe dị ka 7 mm (0.3 in)Mkpụrụ ego otu euro ihe dị ka 2.3 cm (0.9 in)
dị mkpụmkpụ karịa obere mkpịsị aka gị

Kedu otú Toxic zoanthid si hà ma e jiri ya tụnyere GỊ?

Naanị mgbakọ na mwepụ n'ime browser gị. Ọ dịghị ihe echekwara ma ọ bụ ezigara ebe ọ bụla.

Kedu otú o si agba ọsọ?

ọ dị mma ịmara

Eziokwu

1

Early Hawaiians used this animal to poison the tips of their weapons, and a legend says warriors could break a taboo and dip their spear tips into its pool when under severe threat.1

2

In 1961 researchers took specimens from the pool despite local advice, and the laboratories of the Hawaiian Institute of Marine Biology on Coconut Island were destroyed by fire on that same day.1

3

Palythoa toxica is the species in which palytoxin was first discovered and first isolated.1

4

Unlike a related species, P. toxica is equally toxic all year round rather than changing with the seasons.1

5

Palytoxin has also been found in other Palythoa species, some algae, and certain crabs and fish, and it has been suggested that a dinoflagellate in the genus Ostreopsis produces the toxin.1

Maka ndị ọkachamara nsị

Aha sayensị
Palythoa toxica
Otu
Anụmanụ ndị ọzọ nwere nsị n'ahụ
Ezinụlọ
Sphenopidae2
Usoro
Zoantharia
Kọntinent dị iche iche
Oké Osimiri Pasifik, Oké Osimiri India, Osimiri Coral, Osimiri Filipin, Osimiri Ndịda China, Oké osimiri niile
Ihe ize ndụ nye mmadụ
4 / 5: Ọ dị egwu nke ukwuu3

Ebe eziokwu ndị a si

  1. Palythoa toxica (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Palythoa toxica (iNaturalist): aha na nhazi ọkwa.
  3. Venom Wiki: ọkwa ihe ize ndụ, nha nkịtị na nchepụta ọsọ bụ nke anyị. Lee otú anyị si achọpụta ha: Otú anyị si atụ ihe ize ndụ.

Eziokwu ọ bụla dị na peeji a nwere nọmba na-egosi ebe o si. Ọ bụrụ na anyị mehiere ihe, ndo, anyị bụ ndị hụrụ anụmanụ n'anya, ọ bụghị akwụkwọ akụkọ sayensị. Gwa anyị na [email protected], anyị ga-edozi ya.

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