No. 0716 / 1 402

Bold jumping spider

Phidippus audax

名前について： The species name audax is Latin for "audacious" or "bold", and the family name Salticidae comes from the Latin word saltare, meaning "to jump".1

無害人には無害。心配いらないよ。

クモ

かむ食べもの：肉

人への危険: 軽いハチに刺されたくらいか、それ以下。人にはほぼ無害。

The bold jumping spider is a small spider that hunts by sight, leaping onto its prey instead of catching it in a web. It is common across North America and is often found near people, in gardens, fields and on fence posts. It matters because it eats many crop pests.1

すんでいる場所

Native to North America. Introduced to Hawaii, the Nicobar Islands, the Azores and the Netherlands.1

北アメリカ

ホーム

They live in temperate climates in grasslands, chaparrals, open woodlands and agricultural fields. They are often found living close to humans, and they hunt on fence posts and on plant leaves, stems and branches.1

長さ

6 mmから1.5 cm (0.2 inから0.6 in)1

最高速度

時速約0.74 km（時速0.46マイル）

陸で, おおまかな予想

何を食べるの？

Bold jumpers are solitary hunters that stalk live prey using their eyesight. They approach until they are within jumping distance, then pounce and grab the prey with their front legs. They prey on caterpillars, dragonflies, grasshoppers and other spiders. They do not build webs to catch food.1

Bold jumping spiderの写真 — Bold jumping spider。写真：Katja Schulz。 CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

見分け方

A large, usually triangular white spot in the centre of the abdomen, with two smaller spots below it.1
Iridescent green chelicerae (the front mouthparts).1
White banding with fringes on the legs and pedipalps, which is more prominent in males.1
Males have more striking markings than females and tufts of hair over their eyes.1
Large forward-facing eyes, as with all jumping spiders.1

よくまちがえられるのは： Phidippus regius has a similar abdominal pattern and lives in the same area of the southeastern United States. In the bold jumper the pale spots near the rear are more linear, while in P. regius they are more oval. The bold jumper also has pairs of matte black patches on its abdomen, which P. regius lacks.1

毒パワー

かむ

かむときに、毒が牙や歯から出るよ。

その毒（かむ・刺す毒）はどうなるの？

Bold jumpers use venom to immobilise their prey after biting it with their fangs.1

人にとってどれくらい危険？

人への危険: 軽いハチに刺されたくらいか、それ以下。人にはほぼ無害。

Bites from this spider are rare. A bite may happen if the spider feels threatened or is mishandled. If it is handled, it generally does not bite.1

こわいとき、どうするの？

When threatened, they flee by jumping down and away or by hiding in small crevices.1

かまれたら

かまれたところを洗って、痛みには保冷剤をあてよう。痛みが強い、広がる、またはその人の具合が悪いときは、医療の助けを受けて。

まず必ず救急番号（112、000、911）に電話しよう。これは一般的な応急手当の案内で、医療のアドバイスではないよ。応急手当の基本

安全に過ごそう

野生の動物には、小さくても、ねているように見えても、死んでいるように見えても、ぜったいにさわったり、つかまえたり、からかったりしないこと。
近づかないで。出会ったら落ちついて、ゆっくりあとずさりして、そのまま行かせてあげよう。
かまれたら：落ちついて、じっとして、救急番号（112、000、911）に電話するか、急いで病院へ行こう。見た目をおぼえておいてね。写真があると役に立つよ。

きみをねらっているわけじゃないよ。毒はエサをとったり身を守ったりするために使うだけで、本当はかくれていたいんだ。安全に過ごすためにもっと知ろう

世界のどこ？

アフリカアジアヨーロッパ北アメリカ南アメリカオーストラリアとオセアニア

どれくらい大きい？

どれくらい長い？

きみの小指より短い

Bold jumping spiderは、きみとくらべてどれくらい大きい？

ブラウザで計算しているだけ。何も保存されないし、どこにも送られないよ。

どれくらい速い？

リクガメ 時速約0.3 km (0.19 mph)

Bold jumping spider 時速約0.74 km (0.46 mph)

歩いている人 時速約5 km (3.1 mph)

知っておく価値あり

データ

Bold jumpers have some of the best eyesight of any spider. Their vision is widely regarded as the best among all spiders.1

Their four pairs of eyes give them nearly 360° of visual coverage around the head.1

Bold jumpers sometimes invade the webs of other spiders to steal insects that have been caught, or to attack the spiders themselves.1

Bold jumpers can change their behaviour after watching other spiders, which is rare among spiders.1

Females choose mates by watching the male's leg and body movements during his courtship dance.1

Spiderlings often spread to new places by ballooning, a way of travelling on silk threads in the wind.1

うそ・ほんとう

うそ： Like most spiders, jumping spiders catch their prey in webs.

ほんとう： Bold jumpers do not build webs to catch prey. They hunt actively by sight and leap onto their victims.1

毒のエキスパート向け

学名: Phidippus audax
グループ: クモ
家族: Salticidae2
ならびかえ: Araneae
大陸: 北アメリカ
赤ちゃん: Females lay eggs in an egg sac. The spiderlings hatch about 10 days later, but stay inside the sac for another 10 to 14 days before emerging.1
人への危険: 1 / 5: 軽い3