No. 0453 / 1 402

Broad-banded copperhead

Agkistrodon laticinctus

名前について： Agkistrodon comes from Greek words meaning 'hook' and 'tooth', for its fangs, and laticinctus is Latin for 'broad belt', for its wide bands.1

お医者さんが必要命にかかわることはまれだけど、かまれたらお医者さんへ。

マムシのなかま（ピットバイパー）

かむ食べもの：肉

人への危険: 深刻かまれたらお医者さんへ。死ぬことはとてもまれだよ。

The broad-banded copperhead is a venomous pit viper, a type of snake that uses heat-sensing pits between its eyes and nostrils to find prey. It lives in the central United States, mainly Oklahoma and central Texas, and in parts of northern Mexico. For a long time it was thought to be a form of the eastern copperhead, but it is now treated as its own species.1

すんでいる場所

Oklahoma and central Texas in the USA, and the Mexican states of Chihuahua and Coahuila1

北アメリカ

ホーム

It lives in lightly wooded areas with plenty of ground debris for cover, not far from a permanent water source. It is secretive and active at night, and it tends to avoid areas with many people.1

長さ

45 cmから75 cm (1.5 ftから2.5 ft)1

最高速度

時速約3.4 km（時速2.1マイル）

陸で, おおまかな予想

何を食べるの？

It is a diet generalist, but small rodents such as rats and mice make up most of what it eats. It is mainly an ambush predator that finds prey using smell, sight and heat. It usually bites larger prey and lets the venom work, but it holds birds and smaller prey until they die.1

Broad-banded copperheadの写真 — Broad-banded copperhead。写真：Benjamin Genter。 CC0, Wikimedia Commons.

見分け方

Typically light tan with wide, darker brown crossbands, which give it its common name.1
Colour varies by location, from red-brown to grey-brown.1
The bands stay even in width. The eastern copperhead's bands narrow at the spine to form hourglass shapes.1
Young snakes have a bright green-yellow tail tip that fades to grey or brown at about one year old.1

よくまちがえられるのは： The eastern copperhead overlaps with this species in the south of its range, and the two can be hard to tell apart there. Look at the bands: the broad-banded copperhead has even bands, while the eastern copperhead's bands narrow at the spine.1

毒パワー

かむ

かむときに、毒が牙や歯から出るよ。

その毒（かむ・刺す毒）はどうなるの？

Its venom is hemotoxic, meaning it mainly damages blood and tissue. It is injected through hinged, hollow fangs in a single quick strike. The bite can cause localised swelling, necrosis (death of tissue at the bite site) and severe pain.1

人にとってどれくらい危険？

人への危険: 深刻かまれたらお医者さんへ。死ぬことはとてもまれだよ。

Copperhead venom is not considered life-threatening to an otherwise healthy adult. Any bite from a venomous snake should still be treated as serious.1

いい知らせ：お医者さんには、これに効く薬（抗毒素）か治療法があるよ。1

かまれたら

Any bite from a venomous snake should be treated as serious, and medical treatment should be sought. Doctors may use CroFab in severe cases, which is made using cottonmouth venom because no antivenin is made specifically for copperheads.1
その人をじっとさせて落ちつかせ、かまれた手足を心臓と同じ高さにして、指輪やきついものをはずし、急いで病院へ。

まず必ず救急番号（112、000、911）に電話しよう。これは一般的な応急手当の案内で、医療のアドバイスではないよ。応急手当の基本

安全に過ごそう

野生の動物には、小さくても、ねているように見えても、死んでいるように見えても、ぜったいにさわったり、つかまえたり、からかったりしないこと。
近づかないで。出会ったら落ちついて、ゆっくりあとずさりして、そのまま行かせてあげよう。
かまれたら：落ちついて、じっとして、救急番号（112、000、911）に電話するか、急いで病院へ行こう。見た目をおぼえておいてね。写真があると役に立つよ。

きみをねらっているわけじゃないよ。毒はエサをとったり身を守ったりするために使うだけで、本当はかくれていたいんだ。安全に過ごすためにもっと知ろう

世界のどこ？

アフリカアジアヨーロッパ北アメリカ南アメリカオーストラリアとオセアニア

どれくらい大きい？

どれくらい長い？

バナナ4本をたてにならべた長さ100 mを110秒で走れる（いちばん速い人間は9.6秒）

Broad-banded copperheadは、きみとくらべてどれくらい大きい？

ブラウザで計算しているだけ。何も保存されないし、どこにも送られないよ。

どれくらい速い？

リクガメ 時速約0.3 km (0.19 mph)

Broad-banded copperhead 時速約3.4 km (2.1 mph)

歩いている人 時速約5 km (3.1 mph)

知っておく価値あり

データ

It can swim across large bodies of water and has been found swimming more than a quarter of a mile from shore in Lake Texoma, Texas.1

In one radio tracking study, a snake was found with a Texas horned lizard inside it. The snake later passed the tracking device without harm.1

Although it is not tree-dwelling, it can climb and has been seen coiled and resting in trees about 2 metres above the ground.1

Some copperheads in Kansas are hybrids of the eastern and broad-banded copperheads. Genetic studies in that state found no genetically pure broad-banded copperheads.1

It is known by colourful local names, including thunder snake, rattlesnake pilot and red eye.1

うそ・ほんとう

うそ： Copperhead bites are harmless.

ほんとう： A bite is not life-threatening to a healthy adult, but it can cause swelling, tissue death and severe pain. Any bite should be treated seriously and medical care sought.1

毒のエキスパート向け

学名: Agkistrodon laticinctus
グループ: マムシのなかま（ピットバイパー）
家族: Viperidae2
ならびかえ: Squamata
大陸: 北アメリカ
赤ちゃん: It gives birth to live young rather than laying eggs, with a litter of up to eight young in early fall.1
寿命: 約21年1
人への危険: 3 / 5: 深刻3