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Pumpkin toadlet

Brachycephalus ephippium

Kiruma bwokkaTokwatakoKiruma, naye tekijja kukukolako kabi kanene.

Ebikere eby'obutwa, ebikere ebinene (toads) ne newts

Obutwa mu lususu lwakyoKirya: EnnyamaKya butwa, si kya busagwa

Akabi eri abantu: Kya bulumiKisobola okuluma ddala, naye kumpi tekiba kya kabi kinene.

The pumpkin toadlet is a tiny, brightly coloured frog that lives in the leaf litter of the Atlantic rainforests of southeastern Brazil. Adults are bright yellow-orange, a warning sign that their skin and body carry a strong toxin. Scientists have found that the head and back of this frog glow under ultraviolet light.1

Kya butwa oba kya busagwa? Ensolo ez'obusagwa ziteeka obusagwa mu mubiri nga ziruma oba nga zibojja. Ensolo ez'obutwa za kabi okukwatako oba okulya. Kino kya butwa.

Kibeera mu

Southeastern Brazil: Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, southeastern São Paulo and southeastern Minas Gerais1

Amerika ey'Obukiikaddyo

Awaka

It lives among leaf litter on the forest floor of Atlantic rainforests, at altitudes of 200 to 1,250 metres. It is active during the day.1

Obuwanvu

1,2 cm okutuuka ku 2 cm (0,5 in okutuuka ku 0,8 in)1

Embiro ezisinga

nga 2 km/h (1,2 mph)

Ku lukalu, kuteebereza bwokka

Kirya ki?

It feeds on tiny invertebrates found in the leaf litter.1

Ekifaananyi kya Pumpkin toadlet — Pumpkin toadlet. Ekifaananyi: Carlos Otávio Gussoni. CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

Engeri y'okukitegeera

Adults are bright yellow-orange.1
Newly hatched young are brown and well camouflaged.1
It is very small, with adults measuring 12.5 to 19.7 mm from snout to vent.1
Females tend to be larger than males.1

Kitera okutabulwa ne: It is closely related to the red pumpkin toadlet (B. pitanga), which also glows under ultraviolet light and shares its inability to hear its own call.1

Amaanyi g'obutwa

Obutwa mu lususu lwakyo

Olususu lwakyo lwa butwa. Kya kabi okukwatako, okukomba oba okulya.

Obutwa bwakyo bukola ki?

This frog is poisonous rather than venomous, so it does not inject venom. Its main toxin is 11-oxotetrodotoxin, which is extremely rare in animals, even marine ones, and is four to five times more potent than tetrodotoxin. The toxins are found in the skin and ovaries but are mostly concentrated in the liver.1

Kirina akabi kenkana wa eri abantu?

Akabi eri abantu: Kya bulumiKisobola okuluma ddala, naye kumpi tekiba kya kabi kinene.

Kikola ki nga kitidde?

Its bright yellow-orange colour is a warning display (aposematism) that tells predators it is toxic.1

Omuntu bw'aba nga akikutteko oba akiridde

Omuntu bw'aba nga akutteko emu: naaza bulungi engalo era tokwata ku maaso wadde akamwa. Omwana oba ensolo y'awaka bw'aba ng'agikombye oba agiridde: kuba ekifo ekikola ku butwa (poison centre) oba ennamba y'ebigwa bitalaze.

Bulijjo sooka kuba ennamba y'ebigwa bitalaze (112, 000, 911). Buno bulagirizi bwa bujjanjabi obusooka obwa bulijjo, si kuwabula kwa musawo. Obujjanjabi obusooka obw'omusingi

Weekuume

Tokwatako, tokwata wadde okusoomooza ensolo ey'omu nsiko, ne bw'eba ntono, era ne bw'eba erabika nga yeebase oba nga efudde.
Gireke n'ebbanga. Bw'osisinkana emu, beera mukkakkamu, dda emabega mpola era gireke egende mu kkubo lyayo.
Bw'oba okikutteko oba okiridde: tokolokota maaso go wadde akamwa, naaza engalo zo era funa obuyambi bw'abasawo.

Tekikunoonya. Obutwa bwakyo buliwo bwokka tewabaawo kikirya. Ebirala ku kwekuuma

Wa mu nsi?

Afirika Asiya Bulaaya Amerika ey'Obukiikakkono Amerika ey'Obukiikaddyo Awusitureeliya ne Oseyaniya

Kinene kyenkana wa?

Kiwanvu kyenkana wa?

kimpi okusinga akagalo ko akatonokyandisobodde okudduka mita 100 mu sikonda 180 (omuntu asinga embiro yeetaaga 9,6)

Pumpkin toadlet kinene kyenkana wa bw'ogeraageranya ne GGWE?

Kubala bwokka mu browser yo. Tewali kitterekebwa wadde okusindikibwa wonna.

Kidduka kyenkana wa?

Enfuddu nga 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Pumpkin toadlet nga 2 km/h (1,2 mph)

Omuntu atambula nga 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

kirungi okumanya

Ebituufu

In 2019, scientists found that the head and back of this frog glow under ultraviolet light because of fluorescent skeletons. Young frogs that have gained adult colours still do not glow.1

Adults cannot hear the frequency of their own calls because their ears are underdeveloped. They communicate with movements such as inflating the vocal sac, gaping the mouth and waving their arms.1

Its main toxin, 11-oxotetrodotoxin, is extremely rare in animals, even in marine species.1

Its young hatch directly into tiny toadlets, skipping the tadpole stage.1

It is among the largest frogs in its genus, Brachycephalus.1

Omumenyi w'enfumo

Enfumo: Its glow under ultraviolet light is a warning signal to predators.

Amazima: Studies suggest this is unlikely. Predators attack the frogs at the same rate whether or not they glow.1

Ku bakugu mu busagwa

Erinnya erya ssaayansi: Brachycephalus ephippium
Ekibinja: Ebikere eby'obutwa, ebikere ebinene (toads) ne newts
Amaka: Brachycephalidae2
Ensengeka: Anura
Ssemazinga: Amerika ey'Obukiikaddyo
Abaana abawere: It breeds by direct development. The female lays a few eggs on land, which hatch into young toadlets with no tadpole stage.1
Kiri kitya mu nsiko: Not considered threatened1
Akabi eri abantu: 2 / 5: Kya bulumi3

Ebituufu we biva

Pumpkin toadlet (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Brachycephalus ephippium (iNaturalist): amannya n'ensengeka y'ebika.
Venom Wiki: omutendera gw'akabi, obunene obwa bulijjo n'okuteebereza kw'embiro bibyaffe. Laba engeri gye tubibalamu: Engeri gye tupimamu akabi.

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