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Nose-horned viper

Vipera ammodytes

Waa'ee maqaa: The scientific name ammodytes comes from Greek words meaning 'sand' and 'burrower' or 'diver', even though it prefers rocky places rather than sand.1

Ni ajjeesuu danda'aYaalii malee si ajjeesuu danda'a. Yoo si ciniine, dafii gargaarsa argadhu.

Bofoota viper fi adder

CiniinnaaNyaata: Foon

Balaa namootaaf: Baay'ee balaa qabaNama yaalii hin arganne ajjeesuu danda'a.

The nose-horned viper is a venomous snake with a small, soft horn on the tip of its snout. It lives on dry, rocky hillsides in northern Italy, the Balkans and parts of Asia Minor. It is often described as the most dangerous snake in Europe, so it is worth knowing what it looks like.1

Kan jiraatu

Northern Italy, the Balkans, Greece, Turkey, Georgia and Syria, with records in southern Austria, Romania and Bulgaria.1

Awurooppaa, Eeshiyaa

Mana

It mainly lives on dry, rocky hillsides with sparse plants. It is sometimes found in woodland edges and clearings, and near people on railway embankments, farmland and vineyards where rubble piles and stone walls are present. At lower latitudes it may be found above 2000 m.1

Dheerina

14 cm hanga 85 cm (5,5 in hanga 2,8 ft)1

Ariitii olaanaa

gara 3,5 km/sa'a (2,2 mph)

Lafa irra, tilmaama

Maal nyaata?

Adults mainly eat small mammals and birds, and juveniles mostly eat lizards. Larger prey is struck, released, tracked and then swallowed, while smaller prey is swallowed without using the venom.1

Suuraa Nose-horned viper — Nose-horned viper. Suuraa: Holger Krisp. CC BY 3.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Akkaataa itti beekamu

A single small, soft and flexible horn on the snout, about 5 mm long.1
Males have a dark blotch or V-shaped marking on the back of the head and a thick black stripe running from behind the eye to the jaw.1
Males usually have a black tongue and a golden or coppery iris.1
Females are browner, with a less contrasting pattern and no dark blotch on the head.1
Both sexes have a dark zigzag stripe along the back, and the tail tip may be yellow, orange, red or green.1

Humna summii

Ciniinnaa

Summiin yeroo ciniinu ilkaan summii ykn ilkaan isaa keessaan ba'a.

Summiin isaa (ciniinnaa ykn iddiin) maal godha?

The venom has both proteolytic (breaks down tissue) and neurotoxic (attacks the nerves) parts, and it contains blood-clotting agents. Bites cause pain, swelling and discolouration, which may start straight away, and there are also reports of dizziness and tingling. Humans respond rapidly to this venom.1

Namootaaf hammam balaa qaba?

Balaa namootaaf: Baay'ee balaa qabaNama yaalii hin arganne ajjeesuu danda'a.

It is likely the most dangerous snake found in Europe, and in some areas it is a significant medical risk. The venom is rarely deadly when hospital care is available. It is generally lethargic and not aggressive, and it tends not to bite without considerable provocation.1

Oduu gaarii: doktoroonni qoricha (qoricha farra summii, antivenom) ykn yaalii kanaaf qabu.1

Yeroo sodaatu maal godha?

When surprised, some individuals stay still and hiss loudly, some hiss and then flee, and others try to bite immediately.1

Yoo ciniine

Get to a hospital: the venom is rarely deadly when hospital care is available.1
Namicha sochii malee fi tasgabbaa'aa tursiisi, qaama ciniiname sadarkaa onnee irra kaa'i, qubeelaa fi waan cimee hidhu baasi, dafii hospitaala geessi.

Yeroo hunda dursa lakkoofsa balaa tasaa kee bilbili (112, 000, 911). Kun qajeelfama gargaarsa jalqabaa waliigalaa ti, gorsa yaalaa miti. Bu'uura gargaarsa jalqabaa

Nageenyaan turi

Bineensa bosonaa gonkumaa hin tuqin, hin qabin, hin tuttuqin, xiqqaa ta'us, rafe ykn du'e fakkaatus.
Iddoo itti kenni. Yoo tokko wajjin wal argite, tasgabbaa'i, suuta duubatti deebi'iitii karaa isaa akka deemu dhiisi.
Yoo tokko si ciniine: tasgabbaa'i, sochii malee turi, lakkoofsa balaa tasaa kee (112, 000, 911) bilbili ykn dafii hospitaala ga'i. Maal akka fakkaatu yaadadhu, suuraan ni gargaara.

Si miidhuuf si hin barbaadu. Summii isaa nyaata qabachuuf ykn of eeguuf fayyadama, dhokachuu immoo baay'ee filata. Waa'ee nageenyaa dabalataan

Addunyaa keessaa eessatti?

Afrikaa Eeshiyaa Awurooppaa Ameerikaa Kaabaa Ameerikaa Kibbaa Awustiraaliyaa fi Oshiyaaniyaa

Hammam guddaa dha?

Dheerinni isaa hammam?

akka adurree manaa 1,5 funyaan hanga eegeetti dheerataakka muuzii 5 walitti aananii tarreeffamanii dheeratameetira 100 sekoondii 100 keessatti fiiguu danda'a (namni hundaa caalaa ariifatu 9,6 barbaada)

Nose-horned viper SI wajjin yoo wal bira qabamu hammam guddaa dha?

Herrega qofa barsiisaa kee keessatti. Homtuu hin olkaa'amu, eessayyuu hin ergamu.

Hammam ariifata?

Elee gara 0,3 km/sa'a (0,19 mph)

Nose-horned viper gara 3,5 km/sa'a (2,2 mph)

Nama miillaan deemu gara 5 km/sa'a (3,1 mph)

beekuun gaarii dha

Dhugaawwan

Its venom is used to make antivenin for the bites of other European vipers, and the snake is farmed for this purpose.1

Its horn is soft and flexible, not hard like a true horn.1

Before mating, males perform a combat dance, similar to that of adders.1

On one island, snakes were smaller than elsewhere, which suggests regional or island dwarfism.1

It hibernates for two to six months each year, depending on conditions.1

It is ovoviviparous, meaning the eggs hatch inside the mother, so the young are born alive.1

Soba diigaa

Soba: Because of its reputation, it is an aggressive snake that bites readily.

Dhugaa: It is generally lethargic and not at all aggressive. It tends not to bite without considerable provocation.1

Ogeeyyii summiitiif

Maqaa saayinsii: Vipera ammodytes
Garee: Bofoota viper fi adder
Maatii: Viperidae2
Tartiiba: Squamata
Ardiiwwan: Awurooppaa, Eeshiyaa
Ilmoolee: It gives birth to live young, with one to twenty born in late summer or autumn (August to October). The young are 14 to 24 cm long at birth.1
Bosona keessatti haala akkamii keessa jira: Strictly protected (Appendix II) under the Berne Convention1
Balaa namootaaf: 4 / 5: Baay'ee balaa qaba3

Dhugaawwan eessaa dhufu

Vipera ammodytes (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Vipera ammodytes (iNaturalist): maqaa fi ramaddii.
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