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Risba: Common lancehead
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Common lancehead

Bothrops atrox
O imenu: The name fer-de-lance comes from French and means 'head of a lance' or 'spearhead'. The Spanish name barba amarilla means 'yellow beard', after the pale-yellow chin.1
Smrtno nevarnaEna najbolj smrtonosnih živali na Zemlji. Če te ugrizne, takoj pokliči pomoč.Hitra pomoč in protistrup rešita večino ljudi. Takoj pokliči številko za klic v sili.
Jamičarji UgriziJe: Meso
Nevarnost za ljudi: Smrtno nevarnaEna najnevarnejših živali na svetu.

The common lancehead is a highly venomous pit viper that lives in the tropical lowlands of northern South America and on the Caribbean island of Trinidad. It is one of the most common pit vipers in its range and is not endangered. Its venom disrupts blood clotting, which makes its bite especially serious.1

Živi v
Tropical lowlands of northern South America east of the Andes, and the Caribbean island of Trinidad1
Južna Amerika
Domov
It is mostly found on the ground and prefers wet forests. In Trinidad it lives from sea level up to 940 m. It is also met in coffee and banana plantations, where it hunts rodents and where workers are often bitten.1
Dolžina
75 cm do 1,6 m (2,5 ft do 5,3 ft)1
Največja hitrost
približno 3,9 km/h (2,4 mph)
Na kopnem, groba ocena
Kaj je?
It mainly eats small mammals such as rodents and opossums, and birds, but also takes frogs, lizards, smaller snakes, fish, crayfish, centipedes and tarantulas. Larger prey is struck and released, then tracked down by its scent trail.1
Zares!Fotografija: Common lancehead
Common lancehead. Fotografija: Alexandre S. Michelotto. CC BY-SA 4.0, iNaturalist.

Kako jo prepoznaš

  • Ground colour is olive, brown, tan, grey or yellow, and rarely rusty.1
  • The body pattern is a series of blotches that often fuse into bands. The markings are X-like, which is why some local names refer to the letter X.1
  • The chin is pale yellow, and a dark stripe runs from behind the eye to the corner of the mouth.1
  • The irises are gold or bronze, and the tongue is black.1
  • Adults usually measure 75 to 125 cm in total length and are moderately heavy-bodied.1

Pogosto zamenjujejo z: It is often confused with Bothrops asper, which was once included in this species. Most authorities now consider B. asper to be a separate species. This confusion also makes reports of its maximum size unclear.1

Moč strupa

Ugrizi

Strup pride ven skozi strupnike ali zobe, ko ugrizne.

Kaj naredi njen strup, ko ugrizne ali piči?

Its venom is haemorrhagic, meaning it damages the lining of blood vessels and uses up the substances that allow blood to clot. Symptoms can include severe bleeding, kidney failure, abnormal clotting, blisters and necrosis (death of body tissue). Bleeding in the brain can also occur. Recovery from the clotting problem has been seen 14 to 30 hours after a bite.1

Kako nevarna je za ljudi?

Nevarnost za ljudi: Smrtno nevarnaEna najnevarnejših živali na svetu.

The bite is serious and can be fatal. Plantation workers are often bitten. Juvenile snakes have more lethal venom that kills more quickly, and people bitten by young snakes are more likely to develop the clotting problem. In a case reported in the Brazilian Amazon, the patient died of a stroke even after antivenom was given. A Mexican polyvalent antivenom tested against it had no effect on the clotting problem.1

Kaj naredi, ko se prestraši?

It is easily agitated, and it can lie camouflaged for hours, nearly undetectable, then strike at high speed.1

Če ugrizne

  • Poškodovanca drži pri miru in ga pomirjaj, ugriznjeni ud drži v višini srca, odstrani prstane in tesne stvari ter ga hitro odpelji v bolnišnico.

Vedno najprej pokliči številko za klic v sili (112, 000, 911). To so splošna navodila za prvo pomoč, ne zdravniški nasvet. Osnove prve pomoči

Ostani varen

  • Nikoli se ne dotikaj divje živali, je ne lovi in je ne draži, tudi če je majhna in tudi če je videti, kot da spi ali je mrtva.
  • Pusti ji prostor. Če jo srečaš, ostani miren, počasi stopi nazaj in jo pusti, da gre svojo pot.
  • Če te ugrizne: ostani miren, ne premikaj se, pokliči številko za klic v sili (112, 000, 911) ali hitro pojdi v bolnišnico. Zapomni si, kako je izgledala, fotografija pomaga.

Ne preži nate. Strup uporablja, da ulovi hrano ali se zaščiti, in se veliko raje skrije. Več o varnosti

Kje na svetu?

AfrikaAzijaEvropaSeverna AmerikaJužna AmerikaAvstralija in Oceanija

Kako velika je?

Kako dolga je?

Common lancehead približno 1,6 m dolga (5,3 ft)Pes približno 1 m (3,3 ft)Odrasla oseba približno 1,7 m (5,6 ft)
dolga kot 3 domačih mačk od nosu do repadolga kot 9 banan, položenih ena za drugozmore 100 metrov v 92 sekundah (najhitrejši človek potrebuje 9,6)

Kakšne velikosti je Common lancehead v primerjavi s TABO?

Samo matematika v tvojem brskalniku. Nič se ne shrani in nič se nikamor ne pošlje.

Kako hitra je?

vredno vedeti

Dejstva

1

An enzyme called reptilase, or batroxobin, is taken from its venom and used in modern medical laboratories to measure fibrinogen levels and blood clotting. The enzyme is not affected by heparin.1

2

Although it is mostly terrestrial, it is an excellent swimmer and will climb trees when needed to reach prey.1

3

Females with developing embryos move in and out of sunlight to keep themselves and the embryos at a constant temperature.1

4

Venom yield averages 124 milligrams, but can reach 342 milligrams.1

5

Despite the large-scale destruction of rainforests, it is among the most numerous and common of pit vipers.1

Za strokovnjake za strupe

Znanstveno ime
Bothrops atrox
Skupina
Jamičarji
Družina
Viperidae2
Red
Squamata
Celine
Južna Amerika
Mladiči
It gives birth to live young, up to 80 at once, with an average of about 60 per litter in equatorial regions after a gestation of three to four months.1
Kako ji gre v naravi
Not endangered1
Nevarnost za ljudi
5 / 5: Smrtno nevarna3

Od kod so dejstva

  1. Bothrops atrox (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Bothrops atrox (iNaturalist): imena in razvrstitev.
  3. Venom Wiki: stopnja nevarnosti, tipična velikost in ocena hitrosti so naše lastne. Poglej, kako jih določimo: Kako ocenjujemo nevarnost.

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