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Risba: Monocled cobra
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Monocled cobra

Naja kaouthia
O imenu: The name comes from the monocle-shaped, or circular, marking on the hood.1
Smrtno nevarnaEna najbolj smrtonosnih živali na Zemlji. Če te ugrizne, takoj pokliči pomoč.Hitra pomoč in protistrup rešita večino ljudi. Takoj pokliči številko za klic v sili.
Kobre, mambe in kraiti UgriziJe: Meso
Nevarnost za ljudi: Smrtno nevarnaEna najnevarnejših živali na svetu.

The monocled cobra is a venomous snake found across South and Southeast Asia. It has a round, monocle-shaped mark on the back of its hood, though some individuals have a faint pattern or none at all. It often lives close to people, so it is responsible for many snakebites in its range.1

Živi v
South and Southeast Asia, from India east to China, Vietnam and Cambodia, and south to the Malay Peninsula1
Azija
Domov
It prefers places with water, such as paddy fields, swamps and mangroves, but also lives in grasslands, forests, farmland (up to 1,000 m) and human settlements, including cities. In rice-growing areas it hides in rodent burrows in the banks between fields.1
Dolžina
1,4 m do 2,3 m (4,4 ft do 7,5 ft)1
Največja hitrost
približno 7,6 km/h (4,7 mph)
Na kopnem, groba ocena
Kaj je?
Juveniles feed mostly on amphibians. Adults prey on small mammals, snakes and fish.1
Zares!Fotografija: Monocled cobra
Monocled cobra. Fotografija: Akash M. Deshmukh. CC BY-SA 4.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Kako jo prepoznaš

  • A round, O-shaped marking on the hood, usually yellow or orange, though the pattern can be variable or absent1
  • A black spot on the underside of the hood on either side1
  • One or two black cross-bars on the belly just behind the hood1
  • The back may be yellow, brown, grey or blackish, and adults become paler, brownish or olive1
  • Adults typically measure 1.35 to 1.5 m, with a tail of about 23 cm1

Pogosto zamenjujejo z: The Indian cobra has a 'spectacle' pattern on the back of its hood: two circular marks joined by a curved line. The monocled cobra has a single O-shaped mark instead.1

Moč strupa

Ugrizi

Strup pride ven skozi strupnike ali zobe, ko ugrizne.

Kaj naredi njen strup, ko ugrizne ali piči?

The venom is neurotoxic, meaning it attacks the nerves. It blocks nerve signals to the muscles, which can cause paralysis and, in severe cases, death from respiratory failure. The venom also contains myotoxins (which damage muscle) and cardiotoxins (which harm the heart), and usually causes extensive local tissue death (necrosis) around the bite. Drowsiness and neurological symptoms usually appear first, while pain, flushing and low blood pressure typically appear within one to four hours. In very severe cases, paralysis or death can occur as early as 60 minutes. The neurotoxins of this species are described as weak.1

Kako nevarna je za ljudi?

Nevarnost za ljudi: Smrtno nevarnaEna najnevarnejših živali na svetu.

It is responsible for a significant share of snakebite cases and deaths in its range. It causes the greatest number of snakebite fatalities in Thailand. In Thailand between 1968 and 1974, 20 cobra bites were recorded, all with systemic envenoming, and 19 patients survived.1

Dobra novica: zdravniki imajo za to zdravilo (protistrup) ali zdravljenje.1

Kaj naredi, ko se prestraši?

When disturbed it prefers to escape, but when threatened it raises the front of its body, spreads its hood, hisses loudly and strikes to bite.1

Če ugrizne

  • Poškodovanca drži pri miru in ga pomirjaj, odstrani prstane in tesne stvari ter ga hitro odpelji v bolnišnico: zdravljenje je protistrup.
  • Če je strup brizgnil v oči, jih takoj izpiraj z veliko čiste vode.

Vedno najprej pokliči številko za klic v sili (112, 000, 911). To so splošna navodila za prvo pomoč, ne zdravniški nasvet. Osnove prve pomoči

Ostani varen

  • Nikoli se ne dotikaj divje živali, je ne lovi in je ne draži, tudi če je majhna in tudi če je videti, kot da spi ali je mrtva.
  • Pusti ji prostor. Če jo srečaš, ostani miren, počasi stopi nazaj in jo pusti, da gre svojo pot.
  • Če te ugrizne: ostani miren, ne premikaj se, pokliči številko za klic v sili (112, 000, 911) ali hitro pojdi v bolnišnico. Zapomni si, kako je izgledala, fotografija pomaga.

Ne preži nate. Strup uporablja, da ulovi hrano ali se zaščiti, in se veliko raje skrije. Več o varnosti

Kje na svetu?

AfrikaAzijaEvropaSeverna AmerikaJužna AmerikaAvstralija in Oceanija

Kako velika je?

Kako dolga je?

Monocled cobra približno 2,3 m dolga (7,5 ft)Kolo za odrasle približno 1,8 m (5,9 ft)Avto približno 4,5 m (15 ft)
dolga kot 5 domačih mačk od nosu do repadolga kot 13 banan, položenih ena za drugozmore 100 metrov v 47 sekundah (najhitrejši človek potrebuje 9,6)

Kakšne velikosti je Monocled cobra v primerjavi s TABO?

Samo matematika v tvojem brskalniku. Nič se ne shrani in nič se nikamor ne pošlje.

Kako hitra je?

vredno vedeti

Dejstva

1

Some populations can spray venom accurately at a target, which is why it is called the Indian spitting cobra.1

2

A single bite delivers about 263 mg of dry venom on average.1

3

It can hybridise with the spectacled cobra (Naja naja), and some hybrid pairs have been seen cooperating in caring for young.1

4

In rice-growing areas it has become semi-aquatic, living close to water.1

5

Its largest recorded fang measures 6.78 mm.1

Razbijalec mitov

Mit: Every monocled cobra has the monocle-shaped mark and can spit venom.

Resnica: The hood pattern can be highly variable or absent in some individuals, and not all individuals can spit venom.1

Za strokovnjake za strupe

Znanstveno ime
Naja kaouthia
Skupina
Kobre, mambe in kraiti
Družina
Elapidae2
Red
Squamata
Celine
Azija
Mladiči
It lays eggs. Females lay 16 to 33 eggs per clutch, hatching after 55 to 73 days, and usually stay with the eggs.1
Kako ji gre v naravi
Least Concern (IUCN Red List); listed on CITES Appendix II1
Nevarnost za ljudi
5 / 5: Smrtno nevarna3

Od kod so dejstva

  1. Monocled cobra (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Naja kaouthia (iNaturalist): imena in razvrstitev.
  3. Venom Wiki: stopnja nevarnosti, tipična velikost in ocena hitrosti so naše lastne. Poglej, kako jih določimo: Kako ocenjujemo nevarnost.

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