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Risba: Rhinoceros viper
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Rhinoceros viper

Bitis nasicornis
O imenu: The common name refers to the horn-like scales on the end of its nose.1
Lahko ubijeBrez zdravljenja te lahko ubije. Če te ugrizne, hitro poišči pomoč.
Vipere in gadi UgriziJe: Meso
Nevarnost za ljudi: Zelo nevarnaČloveka, ki ne dobi zdravljenja, lahko ubije.

The rhinoceros viper is a large, stout snake with bright colours and two or three horn-like scales on its nose. It lives in forests across West and Central Africa. It is venomous, and its venom is mainly hemotoxic, meaning it attacks the blood and circulation.1

Živi v
Forests of West and Central Africa, from Guinea and Liberia to Ghana, and from Central African Republic to Uganda and western Kenya1
Afrika
Domov
It mainly lives in forested areas and rarely goes into woodland. It hides by day in leaf litter, holes, around fallen trees or tangled tree roots. It is mainly on the ground but can climb into trees and thickets up to 3 m high, and is sometimes found in shallow pools.1
Dolžina
72 cm do 1,1 m (2,4 ft do 3,5 ft)1
Največja hitrost
približno 3,6 km/h (2,2 mph)
Na kopnem, groba ocena
Kaj je?
It mainly eats small mammals, and in wetland habitats it also takes toads, frogs and fish. It hunts by ambush, often staying still for long periods while waiting for prey to pass by.1
Zares!Fotografija: Rhinoceros viper
Rhinoceros viper. Fotografija: Holger Krisp. CC BY 3.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Kako jo prepoznaš

  • Large and stout, with rough, heavily keeled scales1
  • Two or three horn-like scales on the end of the nose, the front pair often long1
  • Series of blue or blue-green oblong markings, each with a lemon-yellow line down the centre, set within black blotches1
  • Dark crimson triangles down the flanks, bordered with green or blue1
  • Top of the head blue or green, with a black arrow mark1

Pogosto zamenjujejo z: The name horned puff adder is also used for Bitis caudalis (horned adder), which is a different species. Because of this, names can cause confusion, so the name butterfly viper is preferred.1

Moč strupa

Ugrizi

Strup pride ven skozi strupnike ali zobe, ko ugrizne.

Kaj naredi njen strup, ko ugrizne ali piči?

Its venom is mainly hemotoxic, which attacks the circulatory system, destroying tissue and blood vessels and causing internal bleeding. It also has a neurotoxic component, which attacks the nerves. Small doses of the venom can be deadly. In the few detailed reports of human bites, massive swelling was described, which may lead to necrosis (death of tissue).1

Kako nevarna je za ljudi?

Nevarnost za ljudi: Zelo nevarnaČloveka, ki ne dobi zdravljenja, lahko ubije.

Because its range is restricted, few bites have been reported and no statistics are available. In 2003 a man in Dayton, Ohio, who kept one as a pet, was bitten and died.1

Dobra novica: zdravniki imajo za to zdravilo (protistrup) ali zdravljenje.1

Kaj naredi, ko se prestraši?

When approached it often reveals its presence with a very loud hiss, almost a shriek, and it can strike quickly forwards or sideways without coiling first or giving a warning.1

Če ugrizne

  • Poškodovanca drži pri miru in ga pomirjaj, ugriznjeni ud drži v višini srca, odstrani prstane in tesne stvari ter ga hitro odpelji v bolnišnico.

Vedno najprej pokliči številko za klic v sili (112, 000, 911). To so splošna navodila za prvo pomoč, ne zdravniški nasvet. Osnove prve pomoči

Ostani varen

  • Nikoli se ne dotikaj divje živali, je ne lovi in je ne draži, tudi če je majhna in tudi če je videti, kot da spi ali je mrtva.
  • Pusti ji prostor. Če jo srečaš, ostani miren, počasi stopi nazaj in jo pusti, da gre svojo pot.
  • Če te ugrizne: ostani miren, ne premikaj se, pokliči številko za klic v sili (112, 000, 911) ali hitro pojdi v bolnišnico. Zapomni si, kako je izgledala, fotografija pomaga.

Ne preži nate. Strup uporablja, da ulovi hrano ali se zaščiti, in se veliko raje skrije. Več o varnosti

Kje na svetu?

AfrikaAzijaEvropaSeverna AmerikaJužna AmerikaAvstralija in Oceanija

Kako velika je?

Kako dolga je?

Rhinoceros viper približno 1,1 m dolga (3,5 ft)Pes približno 1 m (3,3 ft)Odrasla oseba približno 1,7 m (5,6 ft)
dolga kot 2 domačih mačk od nosu do repadolga kot 6 banan, položenih ena za drugozmore 100 metrov v 100 sekundah (najhitrejši človek potrebuje 9,6)

Kakšne velikosti je Rhinoceros viper v primerjavi s TABO?

Samo matematika v tvojem brskalniku. Nič se ne shrani in nič se nikamor ne pošlje.

Kako hitra je?

vredno vedeti

Dejstva

1

Its scales are so rough that they can cut people who handle a snake that is struggling.1

2

Its vivid colours break up its outline in the dappled light of the forest floor, so it is very hard to see.1

3

Its fangs are not large, rarely more than 1.5 cm long, and when not in use they fold up into the roof of its mouth.1

4

Its bright colours fade quickly after it sheds its skin, as silt from its moist habitat builds up on its rough scales.1

5

At least one antivenom, called India Antiserum Africa Polyvalent, protects specifically against bites from this species.1

Razbijalec mitov

Mit: Its bright colours make it easy to spot in the forest.

Resnica: Its colours give it excellent camouflage in the dappled light of the forest floor, which can make it almost invisible.1

Za strokovnjake za strupe

Znanstveno ime
Bitis nasicornis
Skupina
Vipere in gadi
Družina
Viperidae2
Red
Squamata
Celine
Afrika
Mladiči
It gives birth to live young, between six and 38 in West Africa, in March and April at the start of the rainy season.1
Nevarnost za ljudi
4 / 5: Zelo nevarna3

Od kod so dejstva

  1. Bitis nasicornis (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Bitis nasicornis (iNaturalist): imena in razvrstitev.
  3. Venom Wiki: stopnja nevarnosti, tipična velikost in ocena hitrosti so naše lastne. Poglej, kako jih določimo: Kako ocenjujemo nevarnost.

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