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West African carpet viper

Echis ocellatus

O imenu: The scientific name ocellatus refers to the distinctive series of eye-spots, called ocelli, that runs the length of its body.1

Smrtno nevarnaEna najbolj smrtonosnih živali na Zemlji. Če te ugrizne, takoj pokliči pomoč.Hitra pomoč in protistrup rešita večino ljudi. Takoj pokliči številko za klic v sili.

Vipere in gadi

UgriziJe: Meso

Nevarnost za ljudi: Smrtno nevarnaEna najnevarnejših živali na svetu.

The West African carpet viper is a small, highly venomous snake that lives in the savanna of West Africa. Its bite is one of the most dangerous of any snake in Africa. It is known for its row of eye-spots and its aggressive, alarm-like behaviour when threatened.1

Živi v

West Africa: Mali, Ivory Coast, Burkina Faso, Ghana, Togo, Benin, southern Niger and Nigeria1

Afrika

Domov

It is mainly found in savanna, and occasionally in wooded areas. It is rarely found north of the 15th parallel.1

Dolžina

30 cm do 65 cm (1 ft do 2,1 ft)1

Največja hitrost

približno 3,2 km/h (2 mph)

Na kopnem, groba ocena

Kaj je?

It hunts small vertebrates such as mammals, birds, lizards and amphibians. It has also been reported to hunt small invertebrates such as centipedes and scorpions. It usually goes out to hunt in the first hours of the night.1

Fotografija: West African carpet viper — West African carpet viper. Fotografija: Peter Alfrey. CC0, Wikimedia Commons.

Kako jo prepoznaš

It has bulging eyes and a short snout, typical of vipers in the genus Echis.1
A distinctive series of eye-spots, called ocelli, runs the length of its body.1
It is terrestrial, so it lives on the ground rather than in trees.1
It is mostly active at night and at dusk (nocturnal and crepuscular).1

Pogosto zamenjujejo z: Older records from Senegal, Guinea-Bissau and Guinea refer to Echis jogeri, and those from eastern Nigeria, Cameroon and southern Chad refer to Echis romani. These are now recognised as separate species. Echis leucogaster is more common north of the 15th parallel, where this snake is rarely found.1

Moč strupa

Ugrizi

Strup pride ven skozi strupnike ali zobe, ko ugrizne.

Kaj naredi njen strup, ko ugrizne ali piči?

Its venom is a mix of procoagulants, anticoagulants, haemorrhagins, nephrotoxins and necrotoxins. Procoagulants make blood clot, while anticoagulants stop it clotting, so bleeding can occur. Nephrotoxins damage the kidneys, and necrotoxins kill tissue around the bite. Local symptoms include pain, swelling, bleeding, tissue death (necrosis) and disfigurement, which may lead to amputation. Whole-body symptoms include coagulopathy (blood clotting problems), haemorrhages, shock, kidney failure and blindness.1

Kako nevarna je za ljudi?

Nevarnost za ljudi: Smrtno nevarnaEna najnevarnejših živali na svetu.

The West African carpet viper causes more human deaths from snakebite than all other African snakes combined. The envenoming rate is 80%, and the lethality rate is 10–20%.1

Dobra novica: zdravniki imajo za to zdravilo (protistrup) ali zdravljenje.1

Kaj naredi, ko se prestraši?

When threatened, it forms its body into an S shape and rubs its scales together to make an alert sound.1

Če ugrizne

Poškodovanca drži pri miru in ga pomirjaj, ugriznjeni ud drži v višini srca, odstrani prstane in tesne stvari ter ga hitro odpelji v bolnišnico.

Vedno najprej pokliči številko za klic v sili (112, 000, 911). To so splošna navodila za prvo pomoč, ne zdravniški nasvet. Osnove prve pomoči

Ostani varen

Nikoli se ne dotikaj divje živali, je ne lovi in je ne draži, tudi če je majhna in tudi če je videti, kot da spi ali je mrtva.
Pusti ji prostor. Če jo srečaš, ostani miren, počasi stopi nazaj in jo pusti, da gre svojo pot.
Če te ugrizne: ostani miren, ne premikaj se, pokliči številko za klic v sili (112, 000, 911) ali hitro pojdi v bolnišnico. Zapomni si, kako je izgledala, fotografija pomaga.

Ne preži nate. Strup uporablja, da ulovi hrano ali se zaščiti, in se veliko raje skrije. Več o varnosti

Kje na svetu?

Afrika Azija Evropa Severna Amerika Južna Amerika Avstralija in Oceanija

Kako velika je?

Kako dolga je?

dolga kot 4 banan, položenih ena za drugozmore 100 metrov v 110 sekundah (najhitrejši človek potrebuje 9,6)

Kakšne velikosti je West African carpet viper v primerjavi s TABO?

Samo matematika v tvojem brskalniku. Nič se ne shrani in nič se nikamor ne pošlje.

Kako hitra je?

Želva približno 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

West African carpet viper približno 3,2 km/h (2 mph)

Človek, ki hodi približno 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

vredno vedeti

Dejstva

It makes an alert sound by rubbing its scales together while in an S-shaped posture.1

Hatchlings are already 10–12 cm long, which is a sizeable fraction of an adult's average length.1

Its scientific name, ocellatus, comes from the row of eye-spots, called ocelli, that runs along its body.1

Some individual snakes have been found far from its main range, including in the Central African Republic and central Sudan.1

Za strokovnjake za strupe

Znanstveno ime: Echis ocellatus
Skupina: Vipere in gadi
Družina: Viperidae2
Red: Squamata
Celine: Afrika
Mladiči: Sexually mature females lay between 6 and 20 eggs, usually at the end of the dry season, in February to March. Hatchlings are 10–12 cm long.1
Nevarnost za ljudi: 5 / 5: Smrtno nevarna3

Od kod so dejstva

Echis ocellatus (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Echis ocellatus (iNaturalist): imena in razvrstitev.
Venom Wiki: stopnja nevarnosti, tipična velikost in ocena hitrosti so naše lastne. Poglej, kako jih določimo: Kako ocenjujemo nevarnost.

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