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Setshwantsho sa khathune sa Estuarine stonefish
No. 1175 ho 1 402

Estuarine stonefish

Synanceia horrida
Ka lebitso: The specific name horrida means "dreadful" or "frightful" and refers to its appearance rather than its venomous spines.1
E ka bolayaO se ke wa amaE ka o bolaya ntle le kalafo. Haeba meutlwa ya yona e o hlaba, fumana thuso kapele.
Ditlhapi tse nang le chefo Meutlwa e nang le chefoE ja: Nama
Kotsi ho batho: E kotsi haholoE ka bolaya motho ya sa fumaneng kalafo.

The estuarine stonefish is a fish that looks like a stone lying on the seabed. It lives in shallow reefs and estuaries across the Indo-Pacific, including northern Australia. It is considered one of the most dangerous venomous fish in the world, so it is important to know what it looks like.1

E phela
Indo-Pacific region, from eastern India to Papua New Guinea, north to southern Japan and south to Australia1
Lewatle la India, Lewatle la Pacific, Lewatle la Coral, Lewatle la Andaman, Lewatle la Timor le Arafura, Kgwohlo ya Bengal
Lapeng
Found on sheltered inshore reefs and in estuaries, usually in the shallowest water among coral rubble and rocks on reef flats, and in seagrass beds. It can survive out of the water for up to 24 hours.1
Bolelele
60 cm (2 ft)1
Lebelo le phahameng
e ka bang 2 km/h (1,2 mph)
Ho sesa, kakanyo feela
E ja eng?
It is a nocturnal ambush predator that eats smaller fishes, crustaceans and cephalopods. It waits until prey swims close enough, then sucks it in through its large mouth.1
Ka nnete!Foto ya Estuarine stonefish
Estuarine stonefish. Foto: Dan Schofield. CC BY 4.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Ho e tseba jwang

  • Drab brownish-grey, reddish or greenish-brown colour1
  • Skin has no scales and is covered in warts, often with filamentous algae growing on it1
  • Head is flattened, with small eyes set high and pointing upwards, and a deep pit behind and under each eye1
  • Large, almost vertical mouth with fringing cirri on the lips1
  • Camouflaged to look like a stone resting on the bottom; it has no bright warning colours1
  • Grows to a maximum of 60 cm1

Matla a chefo

Meutlwa e nang le chefo

Meutlwa e bohale e nka chefo. Ho e hata kapa ho e tshwara ho bohloko.

Chefo ya yona (eo e e kenyang ka ho loma kapa ho hlaba) e etsang?

Each fin spine has two venom-producing glands. The venom affects the cardiovascular and neuromuscular systems. The sting is extremely painful and has been known to be lethal.1

E kotsi hakae ho batho?

Kotsi ho batho: E kotsi haholoE ka bolaya motho ya sa fumaneng kalafo.

It is considered one of the most dangerous venomous fishes. Stings are extremely painful and have been known to be fatal. Since European settlement, there have been no recorded deaths in Australia from stonefish venom, but deaths have been recorded elsewhere in its range.1

Ditaba tse monate: dingaka di na le moriana (antivenom) kapa kalafo bakeng sa sena.1

E etsang ha e tshohile?

When disturbed, it erects its venomous spines, which inject venom if the fish is stepped on.1

Haeba meutlwa ya yona e o hlaba

  • Antivenom can be given after envenomation. Immersing the sting wound in hot water can be used to denature the venom.1
  • Kenya leqeba metsing a tjhesang, a tjhesang hoo motho a ka a mamellang ntle le ho tjha (a leke ka letsoho la hao pele), metsotso e 30 ho isa ho e 90. Fumana thuso ya bongaka, haholoholo bakeng sa di-stonefish le di-stingray.

Kamehla letsetsa nomoro ya tshohanyetso pele (112, 000, 911). Ena ke tataiso e akaretsang ya thuso ya pele, hase keletso ya bongaka. Metheo ya thuso ya pele

Dula o bolokehile

  • O se ke wa ama, wa tshwara kapa wa tena phoofolo ya naheng, leha e le e nyenyane, le leha e shebahala e robetse kapa e shwele.
  • E fe sebaka. Ha o kopana le yona, dula o kgutsitse, kgutlela morao butle mme o e tlohele e tsamaye ka tsela ya yona.
  • Haeba meutlwa ya yona e o hlaba: dula o kgutsitse, o se ke wa sisinyeha, letsetsa nomoro ya tshohanyetso (112, 000, 911) kapa o ye sepetlele kapele. Hopola hore e ne e shebahala jwang, foto e a thusa.

Ha e o batle. E sebedisa chefo ya yona ho tshwara dijo kapa ho itshireletsa, mme e kgetha ho ipata. Ho eketsehileng ka ho dula o bolokehile

Hokae lefatsheng?

AfrikaAsiaYuropaAmerika LeboyaAmerika BorwaAustralia le OceaniaLewatle la PacificLewatle la IndiaLewatle la CoralLewatle la AndamanLewatle la Timor le ArafuraKgwohlo ya Bengal

E kgolo hakae?

E telele hakae?

Estuarine stonefish bolelele ba e ka bang 60 cm (2 ft)Katse ya lapeng e ka bang 50 cm (1,6 ft)Ntja e ka bang 1 m (3,3 ft)
e telele jwaloka dibanana tse 3 tse latellanange ka sesa bolelele ba letangwane le leholo la ho sesa (50 m) ka metsotswana e 90

Estuarine stonefish e kgolo hakae ha e bapiswa le WENA?

Ke dipalo feela ka hara sebatli sa hao. Ha ho letho le bolokwang kapa le romelwang kae kapa kae.

E potlaka hakae?

ho molemo ho tseba

Dintlha

1

It can tolerate being out of the water for up to 24 hours.1

2

It scoops out a shallow hollow in the seabed with its large pectoral fins and curls its tail around its body to hide.1

3

It is camouflaged to look like a stone, unlike many venomous animals that use bright warning colours.1

4

Females are larger than males.1

Ho senya ditshomo

Tshomo: The species name horrida refers to its dangerous spines.

Nnete: The name means "dreadful" or "frightful" and alludes to its appearance, not its venomous spines.1

Bakeng sa ditsebi tsa chefo

Lebitso la saense
Synanceia horrida
Sehlopha
Ditlhapi tse nang le chefo
Lelapa
Synanceiidae2
Tatelano
Perciformes
Dikontinente
Lewatle la India, Lewatle la Pacific, Lewatle la Coral, Lewatle la Andaman, Lewatle la Timor le Arafura, Kgwohlo ya Bengal, Mawatle
Kotsi ho batho
4 / 5: E kotsi haholo3

Moo dintlha di tswang teng

  1. Synanceia horrida (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Synanceia horrida (iNaturalist): mabitso le tlhophiso.
  3. Venom Wiki: boemo ba kotsi, boholo bo tlwaelehileng le kakanyo ya lebelo ke tsa rona. Bona kamoo re di balang ka teng: Kamoo re lekanyang kotsi ka teng.

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