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Setshwantsho sa khathune sa Irukandji jellyfish
No. 1079 ho 1 402

Irukandji jellyfish

Carukia barnesi
E ka bolayaO se ke wa amaE ka o bolaya ntle le kalafo. Ha e ka o hlaba, fumana thuso kapele.
Di-jellyfish le diphoofolo tsa lewatle tse hlabang Di-tentacle tse hlabangE ja: Nama
Kotsi ho batho: E kotsi haholoE ka bolaya motho ya sa fumaneng kalafo.

The Irukandji jellyfish is a tiny box jellyfish with a sting that can cause a serious illness called Irukandji syndrome. It lives in the open water near Australia, and it is hard to spot because it is so small.1

E phela
Open water near Australia, with most reported incidents in Australia, especially North Queensland1
Lewatle la India, Lewatle la Pacific, Lewatle la Coral, Lewatle la Timor le Arafura
Lapeng
It lives in open water. Most reported stings happen in Australia during the warm summer season. Swimmers in open water near North Queensland were the first people recorded with this syndrome.1
Bolelele
5 cm (2 in)1
Lebelo le phahameng
e ka bang 5 km/h (3,1 mph)
Ho sesa, kakanyo feela
E ja eng?
Muscle cells in the tentacles bring food to the mouth, where it enters a stomach-like cavity and is digested. Its prey changes as it grows, from small invertebrates such as zooplankton and crustaceans to fish.1
Ka nnete!Foto ya Irukandji jellyfish
Irukandji jellyfish. Foto: Lisa-ann Gershwin. CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

Ho e tseba jwang

  • The bell is square-shaped and very small, about 12 mm high and 30 mm across.1
  • It has four long tentacles, one from each corner of the bell.1
  • The tentacles range from 5 to 50 cm long.1
  • Its small size means it often goes unseen in open water.1

Hangata e ferekanngwa le: The common name Irukandji jellyfish is also used for other Irukandji jellyfish, such as Malo kingi. The name alone does not tell them apart.1

Matla a chefo

Di-tentacle tse hlabang

Dikete tsa disele tse nyenyane tse hlabang di thunya ha ho na le se di amang.

Chefo ya yona (eo e e kenyang ka ho loma kapa ho hlaba) e etsang?

This jellyfish is extremely venomous. Its venom comes from stinging cells called nematocysts in its tentacles and bell, and it changes as the jellyfish matures. A sting can cause Irukandji syndrome, with muscle aches, back pain, nausea, headaches, chest and stomach pains, sweating, high blood pressure and difficulty breathing.1

E kotsi hakae ho batho?

Kotsi ho batho: E kotsi haholoE ka bolaya motho ya sa fumaneng kalafo.

Irukandji syndrome can be severe, and the symptoms are described in detail in medical accounts. Most reported incidents have been in Australia during the warm summer season. Because the jellyfish is so small, people often do not see it before they are stung.1

Haeba e hlaba

  • In hospital, patients are given intravenous morphine, hydromorphone or fentanyl for pain. Pethidine is avoided because of its toxic metabolite norpethidine.1
  • Tswa metsing mme o tlose di-tentacle tsohle (ka ditlelafo kapa ka lesela).
  • Bakeng sa box jellyfish tsa tropike: tshela asene (vinegar) moo e hlabileng teng bonyane metsotswana e 30, bitsa thuso mme o itokisetse ho etsa CPR. Bakeng sa di-bluebottle le tse ding tse ngata: hlatswa ka metsi a lewatle, ebe ka metsi a tjhesang bakeng sa bohloko.

Kamehla letsetsa nomoro ya tshohanyetso pele (112, 000, 911). Ena ke tataiso e akaretsang ya thuso ya pele, hase keletso ya bongaka. Metheo ya thuso ya pele

Dula o bolokehile

  • O se ke wa ama, wa tshwara kapa wa tena phoofolo ya naheng, leha e le e nyenyane, le leha e shebahala e robetse kapa e shwele.
  • E fe sebaka. Ha o kopana le yona, dula o kgutsitse, kgutlela morao butle mme o e tlohele e tsamaye ka tsela ya yona.
  • Haeba e nngwe e o hlaba: dula o kgutsitse, o se ke wa sisinyeha, letsetsa nomoro ya tshohanyetso (112, 000, 911) kapa o ye sepetlele kapele. Hopola hore e ne e shebahala jwang, foto e a thusa.

Ha e o batle. E sebedisa chefo ya yona ho tshwara dijo kapa ho itshireletsa, mme e kgetha ho ipata. Ho eketsehileng ka ho dula o bolokehile

Hokae lefatsheng?

AfrikaAsiaYuropaAmerika LeboyaAmerika BorwaAustralia le OceaniaLewatle la PacificLewatle la IndiaLewatle la CoralLewatle la Timor le Arafura

E kgolo hakae?

E telele hakae?

Irukandji jellyfish bolelele ba e ka bang 5 cm (2 in)Klipi ya pampiri e ka bang 3 cm (1,2 in)Fono e bohlale e ka bang 15 cm (5,9 in)
e kgutshwane ho feta monwana wa hao o monyenyanee ka sesa bolelele ba letangwane le leholo la ho sesa (50 m) ka metsotswana e 36

Irukandji jellyfish e kgolo hakae ha e bapiswa le WENA?

Ke dipalo feela ka hara sebatli sa hao. Ha ho letho le bolokwang kapa le romelwang kae kapa kae.

E potlaka hakae?

ho molemo ho tseba

Dintlha

1

Jack Barnes of Cairns, Australia, discovered the species. During an exploration aimed at finding the cause of Irukandji syndrome, he allowed himself, a lifeguard and his 9-year-old son to be stung.1

2

Irukandji syndrome, which this jellyfish can cause, was first identified after a group of swimmers were stung in open water near North Queensland, Australia.1

3

Its venom changes in composition as the jellyfish grows, matching its change in prey from invertebrates to fish.1

4

Its life cycle alternates between a young form that attaches to a reef or rock and an adult form that swims freely in the water.1

5

This jellyfish is a type of box jellyfish, a group known for potent venom.1

Bakeng sa ditsebi tsa chefo

Lebitso la saense
Carukia barnesi
Sehlopha
Di-jellyfish le diphoofolo tsa lewatle tse hlabang
Lelapa
Carukiidae2
Tatelano
Carybdeida
Dikontinente
Lewatle la India, Lewatle la Pacific, Lewatle la Coral, Lewatle la Timor le Arafura, Mawatle
Masea
Young jellyfish begin as a swimming planula larva, which settles on a reef or rock and grows into a polyp. The polyp later forms a colony that develops into an adult medusa.1
Kotsi ho batho
4 / 5: E kotsi haholo3

Moo dintlha di tswang teng

  1. Carukia barnesi (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Carukia barnesi (iNaturalist): mabitso le tlhophiso.
  3. Venom Wiki: boemo ba kotsi, boholo bo tlwaelehileng le kakanyo ya lebelo ke tsa rona. Bona kamoo re di balang ka teng: Kamoo re lekanyang kotsi ka teng.

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