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Setshwantsho sa khathune sa Indian saw-scaled viper
No. 0338 ho 1 402

Indian saw-scaled viper

Echis carinatus
E a bolayaE nngwe ya diphoofolo tse bolayang ka ho fetisisa Lefatsheng. Ha e ka o loma, bitsa thuso hang-hang.Thuso e potlakileng le antivenom di pholosa batho ba bangata. Letsetsa nomoro ya tshohanyetso hang-hang.
Di-viper le di-adder Ho lomaE ja: Nama
Kotsi ho batho: E a bolayaE nngwe ya diphoofolo tse kotsi ka ho fetisisa lefatsheng.

The saw-scaled viper is a small, venomous snake of the Middle East, Central Asia and the Indian subcontinent. It is the smallest of the 'big four' Indian snakes that cause the most snakebite cases and deaths. It is easy to miss, which is one reason it causes so many bites.1

E phela
Middle East, Central Asia and the Indian subcontinent, from India and Sri Lanka to Iraq and Afghanistan1
Asia
Lapeng
It lives on sand, rock, soft soil and in scrubland, and is often found hiding under loose rocks. During the day it hides in deep mammal burrows, rock cracks and rotted logs, and in sandy ground it may bury itself, leaving only the head showing.1
Bolelele
38 cm ho isa ho 80 cm (1,2 ft ho isa ho 2,6 ft)1
Lebelo le phahameng
e ka bang 3,3 km/h (2,1 mph)
Naheng, kakanyo feela
E ja eng?
It feeds on rodents, lizards, frogs and a range of arthropods, including scorpions, centipedes and large insects. Its diet changes with what prey is available.1
Ka nnete!Foto ya Indian saw-scaled viper
Indian saw-scaled viper. Foto: Shantanu Kuveskar. CC BY-SA 4.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Ho e tseba jwang

  • Small, usually no more than 60 cm long in total1
  • Pale buff, grey, reddish, olive or pale brown body with whitish spots edged in dark brown1
  • A whitish cross or trident pattern on the top of the head1
  • A faint stripe running from the eye to the angle of the jaw1
  • Whitish to pinkish belly, sometimes with brown dots1

Matla a chefo

Ho loma

Chefo e tswa ka meno a yona a chefo (fangs) kapa ka meno a mang ha e loma.

Chefo ya yona (eo e e kenyang ka ho loma kapa ho hlaba) e etsang?

Its venom causes swelling and pain within minutes of a bite, and the swelling can spread up the whole limb within 12 to 24 hours, with blisters forming on the skin. The more dangerous effects are whole-body: bleeding and clotting problems, bleeding from the stomach, lungs, nose or urine, and possible shock. Most patients produce little or no urine within a few hours to six days after the bite.1

E kotsi hakae ho batho?

Kotsi ho batho: E a bolayaE nngwe ya diphoofolo tse kotsi ka ho fetisisa lefatsheng.

About 20% of its bites used to be fatal, but deaths are now quite rare because antivenom is available. It is one of the species responsible for the most snakebite cases because it is inconspicuous and extremely aggressive.1

Ditaba tse monate: dingaka di na le moriana (antivenom) kapa kalafo bakeng sa sena.1

E etsang ha e tshohile?

When threatened it forms a double coil in a figure of eight, with its head in the centre, so it can lash out like a released spring.1

Haeba e loma

  • Antivenin therapy and intravenous hydration within hours of the bite are vital for survival.1
  • Boloka motho a sa sisinyehe ebile a kgutsitse, boloka setho se lomilweng se lekana le bophahamo ba pelo, tlosa mesale le dintho tse tiileng, mme o mo ise sepetlele kapele.

Kamehla letsetsa nomoro ya tshohanyetso pele (112, 000, 911). Ena ke tataiso e akaretsang ya thuso ya pele, hase keletso ya bongaka. Metheo ya thuso ya pele

Dula o bolokehile

  • O se ke wa ama, wa tshwara kapa wa tena phoofolo ya naheng, leha e le e nyenyane, le leha e shebahala e robetse kapa e shwele.
  • E fe sebaka. Ha o kopana le yona, dula o kgutsitse, kgutlela morao butle mme o e tlohele e tsamaye ka tsela ya yona.
  • Haeba e nngwe e o loma: dula o kgutsitse, o se ke wa sisinyeha, letsetsa nomoro ya tshohanyetso (112, 000, 911) kapa o ye sepetlele kapele. Hopola hore e ne e shebahala jwang, foto e a thusa.

Ha e o batle. E sebedisa chefo ya yona ho tshwara dijo kapa ho itshireletsa, mme e kgetha ho ipata. Ho eketsehileng ka ho dula o bolokehile

Hokae lefatsheng?

AfrikaAsiaYuropaAmerika LeboyaAmerika BorwaAustralia le Oceania

E kgolo hakae?

E telele hakae?

Indian saw-scaled viper bolelele ba e ka bang 80 cm (2,6 ft)Katse ya lapeng e ka bang 50 cm (1,6 ft)Ntja e ka bang 1 m (3,3 ft)
e telele jwaloka dikatse tsa lapeng tse 1,5 ho tloha nkong ho isa mohatlenge telele jwaloka dibanana tse 4 tse latellanange ka matha metara e 100 ka metsotswana e 110 (motho ya potlakang ka ho fetisisa o hloka 9,6)

Indian saw-scaled viper e kgolo hakae ha e bapiswa le WENA?

Ke dipalo feela ka hara sebatli sa hao. Ha ho letho le bolokwang kapa le romelwang kae kapa kae.

E potlaka hakae?

ho molemo ho tseba

Dintlha

1

On average it produces about 18 mg of dry venom, with a recorded maximum of 72 mg. The lethal dose for an adult is estimated at only 5 mg.1

2

When it rains, up to 80% of the adult population may climb into bushes and trees. Once, about 20 individuals were seen massed on one cactus or small shrub.1

3

It moves mainly by sidewinding, a method it is very skilled at and surprisingly quick with. Only two points of its body touch the hot ground, which may help it avoid overheating.1

4

Its venom is used to make several drugs, including echistatin, an anticoagulant that can be made by chemical synthesis, and ecarin, used in a clotting test.1

5

In the northern parts of its range, it hibernates in winter.1

Bakeng sa ditsebi tsa chefo

Lebitso la saense
Echis carinatus
Sehlopha
Di-viper le di-adder
Lelapa
Viperidae2
Tatelano
Squamata
Dikontinente
Asia
Masea
It gives birth to live young (ovoviviparous), usually 3 to 15 per litter, each 115 to 152 mm long.1
Kotsi ho batho
5 / 5: E a bolaya3

Moo dintlha di tswang teng

  1. Echis carinatus (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Echis carinatus (iNaturalist): mabitso le tlhophiso.
  3. Venom Wiki: boemo ba kotsi, boholo bo tlwaelehileng le kakanyo ya lebelo ke tsa rona. Bona kamoo re di balang ka teng: Kamoo re lekanyang kotsi ka teng.

Taba e nngwe le e nngwe leqepheng lena e na le nomoro e bontshang mohlodi wa yona. Haeba re entse phoso, re kopa tshwarelo, re barati ba diphoofolo, hase makasine wa saense. Re bolelle ho [email protected] mme re tla e lokisa.

Phepheng e lapile! Venom Wiki ke projeke ya motho a le mong: ke mahala, ha e na dipapatso ebile ha e na di-tracker. Thuso e nyenyane ya tjhelete e e boloka e ntse e le inthaneteng.Fepa phepheng

Tse ding tsa sehlopha se le seng: Di-viper le di-adder

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E boetse e phela: Asia

DeathstalkerDiphephengE a bolayaIndian cobraDi-cobra, di-mamba le di-kraitE a bolayaKing cobraDi-cobra, di-mamba le di-kraitE a bolayaAsian giant hornetDinotshi, di-wasp le di-hornetE ka bolayaKomodo dragonMekgodutswane e nang le chefoE ka bolayaSpanish flyDiphoofolo tse ding tse chefangE hloka ngakaO se ke wa ama
Fepa phephengnkgo ya ditjhelete tsa teboho, e e boloka e le mahala