No. 0660 ho 1 402

Mediterranean recluse

Loxosceles rufescens

Ka lebitso: The specific name rufescens means "reddish", referring to the colour of the species.1

E utlwisa bohloko feelaE a utlwisa bohloko, empa e ke ke ya o lematsa haholo.

Dikgo

Ho lomaE ja: Dikokoanyana

Kotsi ho batho: E bohlokoE ka utlwisa bohloko haholo, empa hoo e batlang e le kamehla ha e kotsi haholo.

The Mediterranean recluse spider is a small spider that comes from the Mediterranean region. It has spread to many parts of the world through human travel and trade, and it is listed as one of the most invasive spiders in the world. Its bite can cause skin damage, so it is worth knowing what it looks like.1

E phela

Mediterranean and western Asia; now also Madagascar, south-east Asia, Australia, islands and North America1

Yuropa, Asia, Afrika

Lapeng

It usually lives in caves, basements and tunnels, and prefers warm, generally dry weather. Where it is not native, it is often found in damp places such as basements, where it hunts cockroaches and silverfish. In 2021, spiders of this species were found in a university library basement, which led to the library closing for two days.1

Bolelele

7 mm ho isa ho 7,5 mm (0,3 in ho isa ho 0,3 in)1

Lebelo le phahameng

e ka bang 0,8 km/h (0,5 mph)

Naheng, kakanyo feela

E ja eng?

It is an active hunter that goes out at night to catch and kill insects, rather than waiting in a web. It mainly targets smaller insects, such as silverfish and cockroaches, because their soft bodies are easier to overcome.1

Foto ya Mediterranean recluse — Mediterranean recluse. Foto: Ludivine Lamare. CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

Ho e tseba jwang

A medium-sized spider with three pairs of two eyes arranged in a triangle, instead of the usual eight eyes1
A violin-shaped pattern on the front part of the body (cephalothorax)1
Adults of both sexes grow to about 7 to 7.5 cm... no, 7 to 7.5 mm long1
Its web is very thin and fragile, made of silk strands laid in a disorganised way1

Hangata e ferekanngwa le: It is nearly indistinguishable in appearance from the brown recluse spider (Loxosceles reclusa). Pest control for one can often be adapted for the other.1

Matla a chefo

Ho loma

Chefo e tswa ka meno a yona a chefo (fangs) kapa ka meno a mang ha e loma.

Chefo ya yona (eo e e kenyang ka ho loma kapa ho hlaba) e etsang?

Its venom contains an enzyme called sphingomyelinase D, which causes necrosis, meaning the death of skin and other tissue around the bite. Most cases are medically insignificant. In some cases, penetrating pain starts 2 to 8 hours after the bite, followed by burning, and the area becomes red and painful. A blister may form that turns dark blue with a sunken centre over several days. In rare cases, the blood and kidneys can be damaged, which can lead to kidney failure.1

E kotsi hakae ho batho?

Kotsi ho batho: E bohlokoE ka utlwisa bohloko haholo, empa hoo e batlang e le kamehla ha e kotsi haholo.

Most bites are medically insignificant, but some people are affected much more seriously. In 2024, the species was blamed for the deaths of two people in Italy.1

Haeba e loma

Hlatswa moo e lomileng teng mme o bee pakete ya leqhwa hodima teng bakeng sa bohloko. Fumana thuso ya bongaka haeba bohloko bo le matla, bo phatlalla kapa motho a ikutlwa a kula.

Kamehla letsetsa nomoro ya tshohanyetso pele (112, 000, 911). Ena ke tataiso e akaretsang ya thuso ya pele, hase keletso ya bongaka. Metheo ya thuso ya pele

Dula o bolokehile

O se ke wa ama, wa tshwara kapa wa tena phoofolo ya naheng, leha e le e nyenyane, le leha e shebahala e robetse kapa e shwele.
E fe sebaka. Ha o kopana le yona, dula o kgutsitse, kgutlela morao butle mme o e tlohele e tsamaye ka tsela ya yona.
Haeba e nngwe e o loma: dula o kgutsitse, o se ke wa sisinyeha, letsetsa nomoro ya tshohanyetso (112, 000, 911) kapa o ye sepetlele kapele. Hopola hore e ne e shebahala jwang, foto e a thusa.

Ha e o batle. E sebedisa chefo ya yona ho tshwara dijo kapa ho itshireletsa, mme e kgetha ho ipata. Ho eketsehileng ka ho dula o bolokehile

Hokae lefatsheng?

Afrika Asia Yuropa Amerika Leboya Amerika Borwa Australia le Oceania

E kgolo hakae?

E telele hakae?

e nyenyane hoo e ka dulang lenalong la hao

Mediterranean recluse e kgolo hakae ha e bapiswa le WENA?

Ke dipalo feela ka hara sebatli sa hao. Ha ho letho le bolokwang kapa le romelwang kae kapa kae.

E potlaka hakae?

Kgudu e ka bang 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Mediterranean recluse e ka bang 0,8 km/h (0,5 mph)

Motho ya tsamayang e ka bang 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

ho molemo ho tseba

Dintlha

It is listed as one of the most invasive spiders in the world.1

It can survive for long periods without food and water, which makes it hard to control in homes.1

Young spiders shed their skins several times as they grow, and these skins often look pale and ghostly.1

Males hunt more actively than females, partly because they are also searching for a mate.1

Bakeng sa ditsebi tsa chefo

Lebitso la saense: Loxosceles rufescens
Sehlopha: Dikgo
Lelapa: Sicariidae2
Tatelano: Araneae
Dikontinente: Yuropa, Asia, Afrika
Masea: Egg sacs contain about 40 eggs, which take a few weeks to hatch, depending on the temperature.1
Boemo ba yona naheng: Least Concern (South African National Biodiversity Institute)1
Kotsi ho batho: 2 / 5: E bohloko3

Moo dintlha di tswang teng

Mediterranean recluse spider (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Loxosceles rufescens (iNaturalist): mabitso le tlhophiso.
Venom Wiki: boemo ba kotsi, boholo bo tlwaelehileng le kakanyo ya lebelo ke tsa rona. Bona kamoo re di balang ka teng: Kamoo re lekanyang kotsi ka teng.

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