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Katuni ya California newt
Na. 1355 kati ya 1 402

California newt

Taricha torosa
Kuhusu jina: It is also called the orange-bellied newt, after its bright underside.1
Anaweza kuuaUsiguseAnaweza kuua bila matibabu. Mtu akimgusa au kumla, tafuta msaada haraka.
Vyura wa sumu, chura na mijusi-maji Sumu ndani ya ngoziHula: NyamaSumu ya kugusa au kula, hadungi sumu
Hatari kwa watu: Hatari sanaAnaweza kumuua mtu asiyepata matibabu.

The California newt is a small amphibian with a warty grey back and a bright orange-yellow belly. It lives only in California, in the western United States. Its skin contains a powerful poison, so it is a good example of an animal you should look at but never handle.1

Anadunga sumu au ana sumu ya kugusa? Wanyama wanaodunga sumu huingiza sumu kwa kuuma au kudunga. Wanyama wenye sumu ya kugusa au kula hudhuru wakiguswa au kuliwa. Huyu ni wa aina ya pili.
Anaishi
Endemic to California, in the Western United States: the coastal counties and the southern and central Sierra Nevada1
Amerika Kaskazini
Nyumbani
California newts live in woodlands and chaparral near the small ponds and creeks where they breed. During the day they hide under rocks, logs or leaf litter. They travel to ponds, streams and slow-moving water to breed, especially during the wet season.1
Urefu
13 cm hadi 20 cm (5.1 in hadi 7.9 in)1
Kasi ya juu
takriban km 0.5 kwa saa (maili 0.31 kwa saa)
Nchi kavu, makadirio
Hula nini?
Its prey includes earthworms, snails, slugs, woodlice, bloodworms, mosquito larvae and crickets. Adults will also eat their own eggs and larvae, and in the Sierra Nevada they eat trout eggs.1
Kweli kabisa!Picha ya California newt
California newt. Picha: Ken-ichi Ueda. CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

Jinsi ya kumtambua

  • Warty, slate-grey skin on the back1
  • Bright orange-yellow skin on the underside1
  • Orange skin around the bottom of the eye (the rough-skinned newt has grey there)1
  • Eyes that stick out beyond the edge of the jaw when seen from above, giving the head a bullet-like shape1
  • Adults are about 13 to 20 cm long1

Mara nyingi huchanganywa na: The rough-skinned newt looks very similar and is often hard to tell apart in the field. The California newt has orange skin around the bottom of the eye and eyes that stick out past the jaw, while the rough-skinned newt has grey skin there and eyes that do not stick out. The red-bellied newt has dark irises instead of yellow, more red underneath, and a dark band across the vent.1

Nguvu ya sumu

Sumu ndani ya ngozi

Ngozi yake ina sumu. Ni hatari kumgusa, kumramba au kumla.

Sumu yake hufanya nini?

This animal is poisonous, not venomous, so it does not bite or sting. Its skin glands release tetrodotoxin, a neurotoxin (a poison that attacks the nerves). It is hundreds of times more toxic than cyanide and is the same toxin found in pufferfish and harlequin frogs. It is strong enough to kill most vertebrates, including humans.1

Ana hatari gani kwa watu?

Hatari kwa watu: Hatari sanaAnaweza kumuua mtu asiyepata matibabu.

The toxin is strong enough to kill people. Because of their toxin, California newts have very few natural predators.1

Hufanya nini akiogopa?

When threatened, it performs the unken reflex: it stretches out, arches its body, and lifts its head and tail into the air to show its bright belly. It can also produce a foamy substance when exposed to high temperatures.1

Mtu akimgusa au kumla

  • Mtu akimgusa: nawa mikono vizuri na usiguse macho wala mdomo. Mtoto au mnyama kipenzi akimramba au kumla: piga kituo cha taarifa za sumu au namba ya dharura.

Daima piga namba ya dharura kwanza (112, 000, 911). Huu ni mwongozo wa jumla wa huduma ya kwanza, si ushauri wa kitabibu. Misingi ya huduma ya kwanza

Kaa salama

  • Kamwe usimguse, kumkamata wala kumchokoza mnyama wa porini, hata akiwa mdogo, na hata akionekana amelala au amekufa.
  • Mpe nafasi. Ukikutana naye, tulia, rudi nyuma polepole na umwache aende zake.
  • Ukimgusa au kumla: usisugue macho wala mdomo, nawa mikono na utafute msaada wa kitabibu.

Hakuwindi wewe. Sumu yake ipo tu ili asiliwe na yeyote. Zaidi kuhusu kukaa salama

Wapi duniani?

AfrikaAsiaUlayaAmerika KaskaziniAmerika KusiniAustralia na Oceania

Ana ukubwa gani?

Ana urefu gani?

California newt urefu wa takriban 20 cm (7.9 in)Ndizi takriban 18 cm (7.1 in)Paka wa nyumbani takriban 50 cm (1.6 ft)
urefu sawa na matofali 6 ya kuchezea yaliyopangwa mstari

California newt ana ukubwa gani ukilinganisha na WEWE?

Ni hesabu tu kwenye kivinjari chako. Hakuna kinachohifadhiwa wala kutumwa popote.

Ana kasi gani?

inafaa kujua

Ukweli

1

Because snakes evolved resistance, newts have evolved to make far more toxin than any other predator could need, an evolutionary arms race.1

2

The foam the newt produces forms a protective layer that helps it keep moisture and shields it from burns during wildfires.1

3

Researchers believe bacteria make the tetrodotoxin, and the newts acquire it by eating those bacteria.1

4

Garter snakes are the most common predator, and some have developed resistance to the newt's toxin.1

5

Adults usually return to the same pool where they hatched to breed.1

Kuvunja dhana potofu

Dhana potofu: Newts do not make any sounds.

Ukweli: California newts make clicks, squeaks and whistles. Clicks are the most common, squeaks are used in defence, and whistles seem to be linked to recognising sex and to social rank.1

Kwa wataalamu wa sumu

Jina la kisayansi
Taricha torosa
Kundi
Vyura wa sumu, chura na mijusi-maji
Familia
Salamandridae2
Mpangilio
Caudata
Mabara
Amerika Kaskazini
Watoto
Females lay egg masses of between 7 and 30 eggs, attached to plant roots or rocks in small, slow-moving pools. The larvae hatch in early to midsummer, depending on water temperature.1
Hali yake porini
California Special Concern species (DFG-CSC)1
Hatari kwa watu
4 / 5: Hatari sana3

Ukweli unatoka wapi

  1. California newt (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Taricha torosa (iNaturalist): majina na uainishaji.
  3. Venom Wiki: kiwango cha hatari, ukubwa wa kawaida na makadirio ya kasi ni yetu wenyewe. Ona jinsi tunavyovipata: Jinsi tunavyopima hatari.

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