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Timber rattlesnake

Crotalus horridus

Kuhusu jina: Crotalus is Latin for a rattle or the sound of a castanet. Horridus is Latin for horrid or dreadful, probably because of its potentially deadly venom.1

Anaweza kuuaAnaweza kukuua bila matibabu. Akikuuma, tafuta msaada haraka.

Nyoka njuga

KuumwaHula: Nyama

Hatari kwa watu: Hatari sanaAnaweza kumuua mtu asiyepata matibabu.

The timber rattlesnake is a venomous pit viper that lives in forests and rocky land in the eastern United States. It is the only rattlesnake in most of the crowded northeastern states, and it is one of the most northerly venomous snakes in North America.1

Anaishi

Eastern United States, from southern Minnesota and southern New Hampshire south to East Texas and North Florida. Extinct in Canada.1

Amerika Kaskazini

Nyumbani

It lives in deciduous forests in rugged terrain, as well as lowland cane thickets, swamp edges, river floodplains, hardwood and pine forests, mountains and rural farmland. In winter it shelters in dens and limestone crevices, and in summer pregnant females favour open, rocky ledges.1

Urefu

91 cm hadi 1.9 m (3 ft hadi 6.2 ft)1

Uzito

500 g hadi 4.5 kg (1.1 lb hadi 9.9 lb)1

Kasi ya juu

takriban km 3.8 kwa saa (maili 2.4 kwa saa)

Nchi kavu, makadirio

Hula nini?

It eats mainly small mammals such as mice, rats, squirrels and rabbits, and sometimes small birds and frogs. It waits in ambush, often on fallen logs, then strikes and follows its prey until it can eat it.1

Picha ya Timber rattlesnake — Timber rattlesnake. Picha: Peter Paplanus from St. Louis, Missouri. CC BY 2.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Jinsi ya kumtambua

Dark brown or black crossbands on a yellowish-brown or greyish background1
The crossbands have irregular zig-zag edges and may be V- or M-shaped1
A rust-coloured stripe often runs down the middle of the back1
The tail is black and looks 'velvety'1
Melanism (very dark colouring) is common, and some individuals are almost solid black1

Nguvu ya sumu

Kuumwa

Sumu hutoka kupitia meno yake ya sumu au meno anapouma.

Sumu yake hufanya nini?

Its venom is extremely potent and can be haemorrhagic (damaging blood vessels and causing bleeding) or neurotoxic (attacking the nerves), depending on the population and location. Its long fangs, large size and high venom yield make it potentially one of North America's most dangerous snakes. Venom-induced incapacitation can progress rapidly.1

Ana hatari gani kwa watu?

Hatari kwa watu: Hatari sanaAnaweza kumuua mtu asiyepata matibabu.

It is potentially one of North America's most dangerous snakes, but it is usually shy and calm. It will retreat if it can and attacks mainly when cornered. Over many years in western Pennsylvania, one naturalist heard of only one death from its bite. Bites are widespread in some areas of Iowa's forests. Its remote, wooded habitat can make emergency medical care difficult or even impossible.1

Hufanya nini akiogopa?

It rattles and feints a good deal before striking, and it will try to retreat first if it feels threatened.1

Akiuma

Mweke mtu bila kutikisika na mtulivu, weka kiungo kilichoumwa usawa wa moyo, ondoa pete na vitu vinavyobana, na umpeleke hospitali haraka.

Daima piga namba ya dharura kwanza (112, 000, 911). Huu ni mwongozo wa jumla wa huduma ya kwanza, si ushauri wa kitabibu. Misingi ya huduma ya kwanza

Kaa salama

Kamwe usimguse, kumkamata wala kumchokoza mnyama wa porini, hata akiwa mdogo, na hata akionekana amelala au amekufa.
Mpe nafasi. Ukikutana naye, tulia, rudi nyuma polepole na umwache aende zake.
Akikuuma: tulia, usitikisike, piga namba yako ya dharura (112, 000, 911) au nenda hospitali haraka. Kumbuka alivyoonekana, picha husaidia.

Hakuwindi wewe. Hutumia sumu yake kukamata chakula au kujilinda, na hupendelea zaidi kujificha. Zaidi kuhusu kukaa salama

Wapi duniani?

Afrika Asia Ulaya Amerika Kaskazini Amerika Kusini Australia na Oceania

Ana ukubwa gani?

Ana urefu gani?

Ana uzito gani?

uzito sawa na paka wa nyumbani 1

urefu sawa na paka wa nyumbani 4 kutoka pua hadi mkiaurefu sawa na ndizi 11 zilizopangwa mstarikaribu uzito sawa na paka wa nyumbaniangeweza kukimbia mita 100 kwa sekunde 95 (binadamu mwenye kasi zaidi anahitaji 9.6)

Timber rattlesnake ana ukubwa gani ukilinganisha na WEWE?

Ni hesabu tu kwenye kivinjari chako. Hakuna kinachohifadhiwa wala kutumwa popote.

Ana kasi gani?

Kobe takriban km 0.3 kwa saa (0.19 mph)

Timber rattlesnake takriban km 3.8 kwa saa (2.4 mph)

Mtu anayetembea takriban km 5 kwa saa (3.1 mph)

inafaa kujua

Ukweli

Timber rattlesnakes return to the same winter den each year, and juveniles can track chemical cues to find relatives in it.1

Female timber rattlesnakes bask in the sun on open rocky areas called basking knolls before they give birth.1

They share winter dens with copperheads and rat snakes.1

It is the only rattlesnake in most of the populous Northeastern United States, and one of the most northerly venomous snakes in North America.1

Males often mate farther from the winter dens than females do.1

Kuvunja dhana potofu

Dhana potofu: Rattlesnakes attack people as soon as they see them.

Ukweli: Timber rattlesnakes are shy and will try to retreat from danger first. They attack mainly when they are cornered, so leaving them alone keeps people safe.1

Kwa wataalamu wa sumu

Jina la kisayansi: Crotalus horridus
Kundi: Nyoka njuga
Familia: Viperidae2
Mpangilio: Squamata
Mabara: Amerika Kaskazini
Watoto: Females first reproduce at a mean age of 9.6 years and average 7.7 offspring per litter. Most females reproduce only once in their lifetime.1
Hali yake porini: Extirpated in Canada, as listed under the Canadian Species at Risk Act in May 2001.1
Hatari kwa watu: 4 / 5: Hatari sana3

Ukweli unatoka wapi

Timber rattlesnake (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Crotalus horridus (iNaturalist): majina na uainishaji.
Venom Wiki: kiwango cha hatari, ukubwa wa kawaida na makadirio ya kasi ni yetu wenyewe. Ona jinsi tunavyovipata: Jinsi tunavyopima hatari.

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