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Chilean recluse

Loxosceles laeta

Kuhusu jina: Laeta is Latin for "happy". In Spanish it is called araña de rincón, meaning "corner spider".1

Anahitaji daktariMara chache huua, lakini kuumwa kunahitaji daktari.

Buibui

KuumwaHula: Nyama

Hatari kwa watu: MbayaKuumwa kunahitaji daktari. Vifo ni nadra sana.

The Chilean recluse is a brown spider from South America that is considered the most dangerous of the recluse spiders. Its bite can cause serious skin damage and, in rare cases, serious illness that affects the whole body. It is also known for spreading to homes and buildings in several other countries.1

Anaishi

Native to South America, including Chile, Peru, Ecuador, Argentina, Uruguay and southern and eastern Brazil1

Amerika Kusini

Nyumbani

Dry, undisturbed places such as woodpiles, sheds, closets and garages. It is often found in human homes. It has also been found in buildings in the USA, Canada, Australia, Sweden, Finland and Germany, although it does not thrive in most of these places.1

Urefu

8 mm hadi 4 cm (0.3 in hadi 1.6 in)1

Kasi ya juu

takriban km 0.98 kwa saa (maili 0.61 kwa saa)

Nchi kavu, makadirio

Hula nini?

It hunts at night, leaving its messy web to do so.1

Picha ya Chilean recluse — Chilean recluse. Picha: Kaz Born. CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

Jinsi ya kumtambua

Brown, ranging from light tan to brown.1
Usually has a dark, violin-shaped marking on the top of the front body section, but this marking may not be visible.1
Has six eyes arranged in three pairs, not the eight eyes most spiders have. Checking the eyes is more reliable than checking the marking.1
Measures 8 to 40 mm including legs, making it one of the larger recluse species.1
Builds irregular webs with a messy shelter of tangled threads. It leaves these webs at night to hunt.1

Mara nyingi huchanganywa na: Other recluse spiders look similar. The violin marking is not a reliable guide, so the eye arrangement is the more important feature for identification. Six eyes in three pairs is the key clue.1

Nguvu ya sumu

Kuumwa

Sumu hutoka kupitia meno yake ya sumu au meno anapouma.

Sumu yake hufanya nini?

Its venom contains sphingomyelinase D, a substance that destroys skin and tissue. Most bites cause mild irritation, but serious bites can cause a necrotising skin ulcer, which is an open wound where tissue dies. In 10 to 15% of cases, the venom causes a whole-body condition that damages organs, blood cells and kidneys. Bites may feel fine at first, and visible damage can take up to seven hours to appear, while the venom can spread through the body within minutes.1

Ana hatari gani kwa watu?

Hatari kwa watu: MbayaKuumwa kunahitaji daktari. Vifo ni nadra sana.

Its bite often causes serious reactions, up to and including death. In a study covering 30 years of bites in Chile, 3 to 4% of cases ended in death. In a study of 250 cases in Santiago, Chile, from 1955 to 2000, 9 of the 47 people with the most severe whole-body reaction died. Skin damage can take months, and sometimes years, to heal, leaving deep scars.1

Habari njema: madaktari wana dawa (ya kuzuia sumu) au matibabu ya hili.1

Hufanya nini akiogopa?

It is not aggressive and usually bites only when it is pressed against skin, such as when someone puts on clothing where it is hiding.1

Akiuma

Applying an ice pack helps, because the venom is more active at high temperatures. Aloe vera may soothe the skin and help control pain.1
Osha jeraha na uweke barafu kupunguza maumivu. Tafuta msaada wa kitabibu kama maumivu ni makali, yanasambaa au mtu anajisikia vibaya.

Daima piga namba ya dharura kwanza (112, 000, 911). Huu ni mwongozo wa jumla wa huduma ya kwanza, si ushauri wa kitabibu. Misingi ya huduma ya kwanza

Kaa salama

Kamwe usimguse, kumkamata wala kumchokoza mnyama wa porini, hata akiwa mdogo, na hata akionekana amelala au amekufa.
Mpe nafasi. Ukikutana naye, tulia, rudi nyuma polepole na umwache aende zake.
Akikuuma: tulia, usitikisike, piga namba yako ya dharura (112, 000, 911) au nenda hospitali haraka. Kumbuka alivyoonekana, picha husaidia.

Hakuwindi wewe. Hutumia sumu yake kukamata chakula au kujilinda, na hupendelea zaidi kujificha. Zaidi kuhusu kukaa salama

Wapi duniani?

Afrika Asia Ulaya Amerika Kaskazini Amerika Kusini Australia na Oceania

Ana ukubwa gani?

Ana urefu gani?

karibu urefu sawa na kibanio cha karatasi

Chilean recluse ana ukubwa gani ukilinganisha na WEWE?

Ni hesabu tu kwenye kivinjari chako. Hakuna kinachohifadhiwa wala kutumwa popote.

Ana kasi gani?

Kobe takriban km 0.3 kwa saa (0.19 mph)

Chilean recluse takriban km 0.98 kwa saa (0.61 mph)

Mtu anayetembea takriban km 5 kwa saa (3.1 mph)

inafaa kujua

Ukweli

Its venom contains sphingomyelinase D, which is otherwise found only in a few harmful bacteria.1

Its venom contains about ten times more of this substance than other sicariid spiders, such as the brown recluse, according to one study.1

A colony has lived in the Natural History Museum of Helsinki, probably introduced through fruit shipments in the 1960s and 1970s.1

It can survive for a long time without food or water, which helps it spread to new places around the world.1

Chile's Loxosceles laeta can produce 60 μg of venom by electrical stimulation, more than the related Loxosceles intermedia and Loxosceles gaucho.1

Kuvunja dhana potofu

Dhana potofu: The violin-shaped marking on its back is a reliable way to identify it.

Ukweli: The marking may not be visible and is not reliable. Counting the eyes, which are six in three pairs, is more important for identification.1

Kwa wataalamu wa sumu

Jina la kisayansi: Loxosceles laeta
Kundi: Buibui
Familia: Sicariidae2
Mpangilio: Araneae
Mabara: Amerika Kusini
Hatari kwa watu: 3 / 5: Mbaya3

Ukweli unatoka wapi

Chilean recluse spider (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Loxosceles laeta (iNaturalist): majina na uainishaji.
Venom Wiki: kiwango cha hatari, ukubwa wa kawaida na makadirio ya kasi ni yetu wenyewe. Ona jinsi tunavyovipata: Jinsi tunavyopima hatari.

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