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Mojave rattlesnake

Crotalus scutulatus

Kuhusu jina: The name comes from the Mojave Desert, although little of the snake's range lies inside that desert.1

Anaweza kuuaAnaweza kukuua bila matibabu. Akikuuma, tafuta msaada haraka.

Hafanani kabisa na nyoka njuga wengine: ana sumu inayoshambulia neva na hasogei. Jeraha linaweza kuonekana dogo wakati matatizo ya kupumua yanakuja saa kadhaa baadaye. Daima nenda hospitali, hata kama jeraha linaonekana dogo.

Nyoka njuga

KuumwaHula: Nyama

Hatari kwa watu: Hatari sanaAnaweza kumuua mtu asiyepata matibabu.

The Mojave rattlesnake is a venomous pit viper that lives in the deserts of the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. Its venom is among the most studied of any rattlesnake, and it varies a lot from one population to another. Knowing how to recognise it helps people in its range stay safe.1

Anaishi

Southwestern USA (California, Arizona, Nevada, Utah, New Mexico, Texas) and mainland Mexico, including Sonora and Chihuahua1

Amerika Kaskazini

Nyumbani

It lives in broad desert valleys and lower mountain slopes, usually in sparse vegetation such as creosote, mesquite, cacti and Joshua trees. It avoids dense plant cover and very rocky ground. In hot weather and in winter it shelters in burrows dug by rodents, tortoises and kit foxes.1

Urefu

1.2 m (4.1 ft)1

Kasi ya juu

takriban km 3.7 kwa saa (maili 2.3 kwa saa)

Nchi kavu, makadirio

Hula nini?

It is an ambush predator, waiting for prey and then striking. It mostly eats small rodents and lizards.1

Picha ya Mojave rattlesnake — Mojave rattlesnake. Picha: Lvthn13 at English Wikipedia (Original text: Self-Created). Public domain, Wikimedia Commons.

Jinsi ya kumtambua

Has a row of large diamond-shaped blotches along the back, without the dark speckling found on the Western Diamond-backed Rattlesnake.1
The diamonds usually lack the white edges seen on most Western Diamond-backed Rattlesnakes.1
The tail has pale and dark rings, and the dark rings are often narrower than the pale ones.1
The rattle is usually yellow and black, or entirely yellow.1
Its back colour ranges from green to brown, grey or yellowish, so colour alone is not a reliable guide.1

Mara nyingi huchanganywa na: It closely resembles the Western Diamond-backed Rattlesnake, which lives in the same areas. The Mojave rattlesnake has no dark speckling on its back, usually lacks white edges on the diamonds, has a facial stripe that bends toward the neck rather than meeting the mouth, and usually has a yellow or bicoloured rattle rather than a black one. No single trait reliably separates the two.1

Nguvu ya sumu

Kuumwa

Sumu hutoka kupitia meno yake ya sumu au meno anapouma.

Sumu yake hufanya nini?

Its venom comes in two main types. Venom A contains Mojave toxin, a neurotoxic venom that attacks the nerves and can cause delayed respiratory paralysis, meaning the muscles used for breathing fail, with little or no local tissue damage. Venom B has no Mojave toxin and instead contains tissue-destroying enzymes called metalloproteinases.1

Ana hatari gani kwa watu?

Hatari kwa watu: Hatari sanaAnaweza kumuua mtu asiyepata matibabu.

For decades this snake has been described as one of the deadliest rattlesnakes, and some sources call it the most dangerous snake in the United States. The danger depends on the population, because the neurotoxic venom is not found everywhere in its range. Some animals in between produce a mix of both venom types.1

Hufanya nini akiogopa?

It is shy and tends to avoid confrontation, but it will strike and bite vigorously when disturbed, especially if surprised or if there is no nearby vegetation or burrow to escape into.1

Akiuma

Mweke mtu bila kutikisika na mtulivu, weka kiungo kilichoumwa usawa wa moyo, ondoa pete na vitu vinavyobana, na umpeleke hospitali haraka.

Daima piga namba ya dharura kwanza (112, 000, 911). Huu ni mwongozo wa jumla wa huduma ya kwanza, si ushauri wa kitabibu. Misingi ya huduma ya kwanza

Kaa salama

Kamwe usimguse, kumkamata wala kumchokoza mnyama wa porini, hata akiwa mdogo, na hata akionekana amelala au amekufa.
Mpe nafasi. Ukikutana naye, tulia, rudi nyuma polepole na umwache aende zake.
Akikuuma: tulia, usitikisike, piga namba yako ya dharura (112, 000, 911) au nenda hospitali haraka. Kumbuka alivyoonekana, picha husaidia.

Hakuwindi wewe. Hutumia sumu yake kukamata chakula au kujilinda, na hupendelea zaidi kujificha. Zaidi kuhusu kukaa salama

Wapi duniani?

Afrika Asia Ulaya Amerika Kaskazini Amerika Kusini Australia na Oceania

Ana ukubwa gani?

Ana urefu gani?

urefu sawa na paka wa nyumbani 2.5 kutoka pua hadi mkiaurefu sawa na ndizi 7 zilizopangwa mstariangeweza kukimbia mita 100 kwa sekunde 97 (binadamu mwenye kasi zaidi anahitaji 9.6)

Mojave rattlesnake ana ukubwa gani ukilinganisha na WEWE?

Ni hesabu tu kwenye kivinjari chako. Hakuna kinachohifadhiwa wala kutumwa popote.

Ana kasi gani?

Kobe takriban km 0.3 kwa saa (0.19 mph)

Mojave rattlesnake takriban km 3.7 kwa saa (2.3 mph)

Mtu anayetembea takriban km 5 kwa saa (3.1 mph)

inafaa kujua

Ukweli

Its venom varies so much between populations that one area was found where the venom is much less lethal to laboratory mice than elsewhere in its range.1

Males can grow to a maximum of about 124 cm, making them larger than females.1

Kuvunja dhana potofu

Dhana potofu: Every Mojave rattlesnake bite is extraordinarily deadly.

Ukweli: The reputation for deadliness comes mainly from the neurotoxic venom, which is found in most populations but not all. Venom from some populations is non-neurotoxic and mainly destroys tissue.1

Kwa wataalamu wa sumu

Jina la kisayansi: Crotalus scutulatus
Kundi: Nyoka njuga
Familia: Viperidae2
Mpangilio: Squamata
Mabara: Amerika Kaskazini
Watoto: It bears live young, usually between 2 and 17 (average about eight), from July through September.1
Hali yake porini: Least Concern (IUCN Red List)1
Hatari kwa watu: 4 / 5: Hatari sana3

Ukweli unatoka wapi

Crotalus scutulatus (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Crotalus scutulatus (iNaturalist): majina na uainishaji.
Venom Wiki: kiwango cha hatari, ukubwa wa kawaida na makadirio ya kasi ni yetu wenyewe. Ona jinsi tunavyovipata: Jinsi tunavyopima hatari.

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