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Katuni ya Natterjack toad
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Natterjack toad

Epidalea calamita
Hana madharaHana madhara kwa watu. Hakuna cha kuhofia.
Vyura wa sumu, chura na mijusi-maji Sumu ndani ya ngoziHula: WaduduSumu ya kugusa au kula, hadungi sumu
Hatari kwa watu: HafifuKama kudungwa na nyuki au chini ya hapo. Kimsingi hana madhara kwa watu.

The natterjack toad is a toad that lives on sandy ground and heathland in Europe. It is easy to tell apart from other toads by the yellow line down its back, and it is known for its very loud mating call. In Ireland, it is the only native toad.1

Anadunga sumu au ana sumu ya kugusa? Wanyama wanaodunga sumu huingiza sumu kwa kuuma au kudunga. Wanyama wenye sumu ya kugusa au kula hudhuru wakiguswa au kuliwa. Huyu ni wa aina ya pili.
Anaishi
Native to sandy and heathland areas across 17 European countries; in the UK mostly on coasts, and in Ireland in Kerry and Wexford.1
Ulaya
Nyumbani
Sandy and heathland areas, and open ground with sparse vegetation. In the UK it is now almost completely confined to coastal sites, including sand dunes. In southern mainland Europe it lives inland in a variety of habitats.1
Urefu
6 cm hadi 7 cm (2.4 in hadi 2.8 in)1
Kasi ya juu
takriban km 2 kwa saa (maili 1.2 kwa saa)
Nchi kavu, makadirio
Hula nini?
It feeds mainly on insects, especially beetles. At night it moves across open ground to find food.1
Kweli kabisa!Picha ya Natterjack toad
Natterjack toad. Picha: Gilles San Martin. CC BY-SA 4.0, iNaturalist.

Jinsi ya kumtambua

  • A yellow line runs down the middle of the back.1
  • Parallel paratoid glands (the raised glands behind the eyes) are a key feature.1
  • Adults are 60 to 70 mm long.1
  • Short legs give it a distinctive walk, unlike the hopping of many other toads.1
  • Males have a single vocal sac under the chin that amplifies a very loud, distinctive call.1

Mara nyingi huchanganywa na: It is often confused with common toads. Natterjacks are told apart by the yellow line down the back and the parallel paratoid glands.1

Nguvu ya sumu

Sumu ndani ya ngozi

Ngozi yake ina sumu. Ni hatari kumgusa, kumramba au kumla.

Ana hatari gani kwa watu?

Hatari kwa watu: HafifuKama kudungwa na nyuki au chini ya hapo. Kimsingi hana madhara kwa watu.

Mtu akimgusa au kumla

  • Mtu akimgusa: nawa mikono vizuri na usiguse macho wala mdomo. Mtoto au mnyama kipenzi akimramba au kumla: piga kituo cha taarifa za sumu au namba ya dharura.

Daima piga namba ya dharura kwanza (112, 000, 911). Huu ni mwongozo wa jumla wa huduma ya kwanza, si ushauri wa kitabibu. Misingi ya huduma ya kwanza

Kaa salama

  • Kamwe usimguse, kumkamata wala kumchokoza mnyama wa porini, hata akiwa mdogo, na hata akionekana amelala au amekufa.
  • Mpe nafasi. Ukikutana naye, tulia, rudi nyuma polepole na umwache aende zake.
  • Ukimgusa au kumla: usisugue macho wala mdomo, nawa mikono na utafute msaada wa kitabibu.

Hakuwindi wewe. Sumu yake ipo tu ili asiliwe na yeyote. Zaidi kuhusu kukaa salama

Wapi duniani?

AfrikaAsiaUlayaAmerika KaskaziniAmerika KusiniAustralia na Oceania

Ana ukubwa gani?

Ana urefu gani?

Natterjack toad urefu wa takriban 7 cm (2.8 in)Kibanio cha karatasi takriban 3 cm (1.2 in)Simu janja takriban 15 cm (5.9 in)
urefu sawa na matofali 2 ya kuchezea yaliyopangwa mstariangeweza kukimbia mita 100 kwa sekunde 180 (binadamu mwenye kasi zaidi anahitaji 9.6)

Natterjack toad ana ukubwa gani ukilinganisha na WEWE?

Ni hesabu tu kwenye kivinjari chako. Hakuna kinachohifadhiwa wala kutumwa popote.

Ana kasi gani?

inafaa kujua

Ukweli

1

Their loud mating calls matter because the toads are often present in low numbers, helping the sexes find each other.1

2

Natterjacks can live for up to 15 years.1

3

Natterjacks can only spawn in pools with a very slightly sloping bottom and sparse vegetation.1

4

They spread their breeding over a long summer period, so some young survive if temporary pools dry out.1

5

Some females spawn twice in one year.1

Kwa wataalamu wa sumu

Jina la kisayansi
Epidalea calamita
Kundi
Vyura wa sumu, chura na mijusi-maji
Familia
Bufonidae2
Mpangilio
Anura
Mabara
Ulaya
Watoto
It spawns from the end of April to July, laying strings of eggs in shallow, warm pools.1
Muda wa maisha
takriban miaka 151
Hali yake porini
Endangered in Ireland1
Hatari kwa watu
1 / 5: Hafifu3

Ukweli unatoka wapi

  1. Natterjack toad (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Epidalea calamita (iNaturalist): majina na uainishaji.
  3. Venom Wiki: kiwango cha hatari, ukubwa wa kawaida na makadirio ya kasi ni yetu wenyewe. Ona jinsi tunavyovipata: Jinsi tunavyopima hatari.

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Zaidi kutoka kundi hilohilo: Vyura wa sumu, chura na mijusi-maji

Fire salamanderVyura wa sumu, chura na mijusi-majiInauma tuUsiguseCommon toadVyura wa sumu, chura na mijusi-majiInauma tuUsiguseEuropean fire-bellied toadVyura wa sumu, chura na mijusi-majiHana madharaIberian ribbed newtVyura wa sumu, chura na mijusi-majiHana madharaAlpine salamanderVyura wa sumu, chura na mijusi-majiHana madharaEuropean green toadVyura wa sumu, chura na mijusi-majiHana madhara

Pia anaishi: Ulaya

Common European adderNyoka aina ya fira na kifutuAnahitaji daktariSpanish flyWanyama wengine wenye sumu ya kugusa au kulaAnahitaji daktariUsiguseCommon waspNyuki, nyigu na mavuInauma tuEuropean hornetNyuki, nyigu na mavuInauma tuWestern honey beeNyuki, nyigu na mavuInauma tuBlunt-nosed viperNyoka aina ya fira na kifutuAnaweza kuua
Mlishe ngekibubu cha michango, kinaiweka bure