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Phantasmal poison frog

Epipedobates tricolor

Kuhusu jina: The name 'phantasmal' refers to the frog's ghostly-looking patterns of stripes and blotches, and 'poison-arrow' or 'poison dart' refers to the poison in its skin.1

Inauma tuUsiguseInauma, lakini haitakudhuru vibaya.

Vyura wa sumu, chura na mijusi-maji

Sumu ndani ya ngoziHula: WaduduSumu ya kugusa au kula, hadungi sumu

Hatari kwa watu: InaumaInaweza kuuma sana, lakini karibu kamwe si jambo zito.

The phantasmal poison frog is a small, brightly coloured frog that lives only in a few places in central Ecuador. Its skin produces one of the most powerful natural poisons known, which scientists are studying for medicine. It is a rare animal, and its numbers are falling.1

Anadunga sumu au ana sumu ya kugusa? Wanyama wanaodunga sumu huingiza sumu kwa kuuma au kudunga. Wanyama wenye sumu ya kugusa au kula hudhuru wakiguswa au kuliwa. Huyu ni wa aina ya pili.

Anaishi

Central Ecuador, on the Andean slopes of Bolívar Province1

Amerika Kusini

Nyumbani

It lives in the leaf litter on the forest floor, especially near streams and in inland wetlands. It is also found in banana and cacao plantations and in pastures near streams.1

Urefu

2.3 cm (0.9 in)1

Kasi ya juu

takriban km 3.4 kwa saa (maili 2.1 kwa saa)

Nchi kavu, makadirio

Hula nini?

It eats insects, including ants, termites and beetles, in its Andean habitat.1

Picha ya Phantasmal poison frog — Phantasmal poison frog. Picha: Ruben Undheim. CC BY-SA 4.0, iNaturalist.

Jinsi ya kumtambua

Body colour ranges from dark brown to dark red or black.1
Has two or three bright orange, bright yellow or light green stripes running along the back, from the head to the rear. The stripes can be straight or flame-shaped.1
Blotches or spots on the limbs and parts of the back match the colour of the stripes.1
Has distinct red or orange markings on the hind areas.1
Small, at about 2.3 cm from snout to vent (the base of the body).1

Mara nyingi huchanganywa na: It is often confused with Epipedobates anthonyi, which has similar colours and calls. The first finger of E. anthonyi is longer than its second finger, while this frog's is not. E. anthonyi is also brick red to bright red, with cream or light-yellow stripes running from the head to the hips.1

Nguvu ya sumu

Sumu ndani ya ngozi

Ngozi yake ina sumu. Ni hatari kumgusa, kumramba au kumla.

Sumu yake hufanya nini?

This frog is poisonous rather than venomous, so it does not inject venom. It makes epibatidine, a toxin that its skin glands release as a defence against predators. Epibatidine is studied for its medical value as a painkiller and opioid blocker. Scientists have found it to be hundreds of times stronger than morphine.1

Ana hatari gani kwa watu?

Hatari kwa watu: InaumaInaweza kuuma sana, lakini karibu kamwe si jambo zito.

It is one of the most poisonous animals on the planet. One of the substances in its skin is a painkiller hundreds of times stronger than morphine. Its poison is in its skin, so it is harmful to touch or eat.1

Hufanya nini akiogopa?

Its bright colours warn predators that it is highly toxic, and it releases poison from its skin glands.1

Mtu akimgusa au kumla

Mtu akimgusa: nawa mikono vizuri na usiguse macho wala mdomo. Mtoto au mnyama kipenzi akimramba au kumla: piga kituo cha taarifa za sumu au namba ya dharura.

Daima piga namba ya dharura kwanza (112, 000, 911). Huu ni mwongozo wa jumla wa huduma ya kwanza, si ushauri wa kitabibu. Misingi ya huduma ya kwanza

Kaa salama

Kamwe usimguse, kumkamata wala kumchokoza mnyama wa porini, hata akiwa mdogo, na hata akionekana amelala au amekufa.
Mpe nafasi. Ukikutana naye, tulia, rudi nyuma polepole na umwache aende zake.
Ukimgusa au kumla: usisugue macho wala mdomo, nawa mikono na utafute msaada wa kitabibu.

Hakuwindi wewe. Sumu yake ipo tu ili asiliwe na yeyote. Zaidi kuhusu kukaa salama

Wapi duniani?

Afrika Asia Ulaya Amerika Kaskazini Amerika Kusini Australia na Oceania

Ana ukubwa gani?

Ana urefu gani?

karibu urefu sawa na kibanio cha karatasiangeweza kukimbia mita 100 kwa sekunde 110 (binadamu mwenye kasi zaidi anahitaji 9.6)

Phantasmal poison frog ana ukubwa gani ukilinganisha na WEWE?

Ni hesabu tu kwenye kivinjari chako. Hakuna kinachohifadhiwa wala kutumwa popote.

Ana kasi gani?

Kobe takriban km 0.3 kwa saa (0.19 mph)

Phantasmal poison frog takriban km 3.4 kwa saa (2.1 mph)

Mtu anayetembea takriban km 5 kwa saa (3.1 mph)

inafaa kujua

Ukweli

Its poison, epibatidine, is over two hundred times as powerful as morphine, according to one study.1

Males are very territorial. They first call to warn off intruders, and if that fails they chase and fight them.1

Males compete for the best perch, forming a hierarchy of dominance.1

The frog is active during the day, though males call most often in the morning.1

Kuvunja dhana potofu

Dhana potofu: That it is the same species as Epipedobates anthonyi.

Ukweli: It is a separate species. The two were only formally distinguished in a 2004 study, though they look and sound alike.1

Kwa wataalamu wa sumu

Jina la kisayansi: Epipedobates tricolor
Kundi: Vyura wa sumu, chura na mijusi-maji
Familia: Dendrobatidae2
Mpangilio: Anura
Mabara: Amerika Kusini
Watoto: Eggs are laid in leaf litter, with clutches of around 10 eggs. The males guard the eggs and later carry the tadpoles on their backs to water, where they can develop safely.1
Hali yake porini: Vulnerable1
Hatari kwa watu: 2 / 5: Inauma3

Ukweli unatoka wapi

Phantasmal poison frog (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Epipedobates tricolor (iNaturalist): majina na uainishaji.
Venom Wiki: kiwango cha hatari, ukubwa wa kawaida na makadirio ya kasi ni yetu wenyewe. Ona jinsi tunavyovipata: Jinsi tunavyopima hatari.

Kila ukweli kwenye ukurasa huu una namba inayoonyesha chanzo chake. Kama tumekosea kitu, samahani, sisi ni wapenzi wa wanyama, si jarida la kisayansi. Tuambie kupitia [email protected] nasi tutarekebisha.

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