Venom Wiki / Zonke izilwanyana / Ii-viper namarhamba

Inombolo 0321 kwezi-1 402

Gaboon viper

Bitis gabonica

Malunga negama: The name 'Gaboon' comes from Gabon, a name first given by the Portuguese to an estuary on which the town of Libreville was built.1

SinokubulalaSinokukubulala ukuba awunyangwanga. Ukuba siyakuluma, fumana uncedo ngokukhawuleza.

Ii-viper namarhamba

UkulumaSitya: Inyama

Ingozi ebantwini: Siyingozi kakhuluSinokubulala umntu ongafumani nyango.

The Gaboon viper is a large, heavy snake with a striking pattern of pale and dark markings. It lives in the rainforests and savannas of sub-Saharan Africa. It is one of the most venomous snakes in the world, so knowing what it looks like matters.1

Sihlala

Rainforests and savannas of sub-Saharan Africa, from Guinea and Ghana east to Kenya and northeast KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa1

IAfrika

Ekhaya

It is usually found in rainforests and nearby woodlands, mainly at low altitudes. It is also common in farmland near forests, such as cacao and coffee plantations, and it is often found on roads at night.1

Ubude

1,2 m ukuya ku-1,8 m (4,1 ft ukuya ku-5,7 ft)1

Ubunzima

8,5 kg ukuya ku-11 kg (19 lb ukuya ku-25 lb)1

Esona santya siphezulu

malunga ne-4 km/h (2,5 mph)

Emhlabeni, uqikelelo nje

Sitya ntoni?

It hunts mainly by ambush, waiting motionless for prey to pass. It eats amphibians, mammals and birds, and it is able to take prey as large as fully grown rabbits. Once it strikes, it holds on to its prey with its fangs rather than letting go.1

Ifoto ka-Gaboon viper — Gaboon viper. Ifoto: Nick Schaller. CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

Indlela yokusiqaphela

A large, heavy, stout body, with a large triangular head and a neck much narrower than the head1
A series of pale, rectangular blotches down the centre of the back, with dark hourglass markings edged in yellow1
A white or cream head with a fine dark central line and a dark blue-black triangle behind and below each eye1
Small raised 'horns' between the nostrils, which are tiny in this species1
Its camouflage works well among dead leaves under trees, so it can be hard to see1

Sidla ngokubhidaniswa no: The Congolese giant toad (Sclerophrys channingi) may be a mimic of this snake. Its head appears to resemble the viper's head, while its body is darker.1

Amandla etyhefu yokuluma nokuhlaba

Ukuluma

Ityhefu iphuma ngamazinyo aso etyhefu okanye ngamazinyo aso xa siluma.

Ityhefu yaso yokuluma okanye yokuhlaba yenza ntoni?

The venom is cytotoxic, which means it damages cells, and cardiotoxic, which means it harms the heart. Each bite can deliver a large amount of venom, because the snake does not release its grip after biting.1

Siyingozi kangakanani ebantwini?

Ingozi ebantwini: Siyingozi kakhuluSinokubulala umntu ongafumani nyango.

Bites are extremely rare, because the snake is seldom aggressive and lives mostly in rainforest areas. Most bites happen when people accidentally step on it. Even an average bite from an average-sized snake is potentially fatal.1

Iindaba ezimnandi: oogqirha banamayeza (i-antivenom) okanye unyango lwale nto.1

Senza ntoni xa soyika?

When threatened it hisses loudly in a deep, steady rhythm and flattens its head slightly with each breath. It is unlikely to strike unless it is severely provoked.1

Ukuba siyaluma

Any bite should be treated as a serious medical emergency. Antivenom should be given as soon as possible to save the limb or the person's life.1
Gcina umntu engashukumi kwaye ezolile, gcina ilungu elilunyiweyo kwinqanaba lentliziyo, susa imisesane nezinto eziqinileyo, uze umse esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza.

Soloko utsalela inombolo kaxakeka kuqala (112, 000, 911). Esi sisikhokelo soncedo lokuqala ngokubanzi, asilocebiso lwezonyango. Iziseko zoncedo lokuqala

Hlala ukhuselekile

Ungaze uchukumise, ubambe okanye uqhule isilwanyana sasendle, nokuba sincinci, kwaye nokuba sibonakala silele okanye sifile.
Sinike indawo. Ukuba udibana naso, hlala uzolile, buyela umva kancinci kwaye usiyeke sihambe ngendlela yaso.
Ukuba siyakuluma: hlala uzolile, musa ukushukuma, tsalela inombolo kaxakeka (112, 000, 911) okanye uye esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza. Khumbula ukuba sasikhangeleka njani, ifoto iyanceda.

Asikuzingeli. Sisebenzisa ityhefu yaso ukubamba ukutya okanye ukuzikhusela, kwaye singakhetha ukuzimela. Okungakumbi malunga nokuhlala ukhuselekile

Phi emhlabeni?

IAfrika IAsiya IYurophu uMntla Melika uMzantsi Melika IOstreliya neOceania

Sikhulu kangakanani?

Side kangakanani?

Sinzima kangakanani?

ubunzima obulingana neekati zasekhaya eziyi-3

ubude obulingana neekati zasekhaya eziyi-4 ukusuka empumlweni ukuya emsileniubude obulingana neebhanana eziyi-10 zilandelelanasingagqiba iimitha ezili-100 ngemizuzwana eyi-90 (owona mntu ukhawulezayo udinga i-9,6)

U-Gaboon viper mkhulu kangakanani xa uthelekisa NAWE?

Zizibalo nje kwibhrawuza yakho. Akukho nto igcinwayo okanye ithunyelwa naphi na.

Sikhawuleza kangakanani?

Ufudo malunga ne-0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Gaboon viper malunga ne-4 km/h (2,5 mph)

Umntu ohambayo malunga ne-5 km/h (3,1 mph)

kufanelekile ukwazi

Iinyaniso

A 1.8 m specimen caught in 1973 weighed 11.3 kg with an empty stomach. It is the heaviest venomous snake in Africa.1

Its eyes can move in unusual ways. If its head is turned 360°, one eye tilts up and the other tilts down.1

Although it is one of the fastest-striking snakes in the world, it usually tolerates handling and rarely bites or hisses.1

Unlike many African vipers, such as the puff adder, it does not release its grip after biting.1

Males fight by intertwining their necks and pushing. The winner pushes the other's head to the ground and raises his own head by 20–30 cm.1

Umqhekezi weentsomi

Intsomi: Because it is calm and tolerant, it is safe to handle.

Inyaniso: Some writers have described it as so docile it can be handled as freely as a harmless snake. This is absolutely not recommended: it is one of the fastest-striking snakes, and bites by bad-tempered individuals do occur.1

Kwiingcali zetyhefu

Igama lenzululwazi: Bitis gabonica
Iqela: Ii-viper namarhamba
Usapho: Viperidae2
Ucwangco: Squamata
Amazwekazi: IAfrika
Iintsana: The young are born live, and a female can have 50 to 60 babies at one time.1
Ingozi ebantwini: 4 / 5: Siyingozi kakhulu3

Apho iinyaniso zivela khona

Gaboon viper (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Bitis gabonica (iNaturalist): amagama nokuhlelwa.
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