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Inombolo 0844 kwezi-1 402

Indian red scorpion

Hottentotta tamulus

Malunga negama: The species name tamulus is thought to come from the Tamil people of southeastern India, where the scorpion occurs.1

SiyabulalaEsinye sezona zilwanyana zibulalayo eMhlabeni. Ukuba siyakuhlaba, biza uncedo ngoko nangoko.Uncedo olukhawulezayo ne-antivenom zisindisa abantu abaninzi. Tsalela inombolo kaxakeka ngoko nangoko.

Oonomadudwane

UkuhlabaSitya: Inyama

Ingozi ebantwini: SiyabulalaEsinye sezona zilwanyana ziyingozi emhlabeni.

The Indian red scorpion is a small, venomous scorpion found across most of India, eastern Pakistan, the eastern lowlands of Nepal and, more recently, Sri Lanka. It often lives close to people, so its sting is a serious concern in busy rural areas, especially for children.1

Sihlala

Most of India, eastern Pakistan, the eastern lowlands of Nepal, and recently recorded in Sri Lanka1

IAsiya

Ekhaya

It lives in vegetated lowlands with a humid subtropical to tropical climate, and often lives close to or inside human homes, especially in rural areas. It is found in scrubland, cropland, mango orchards, Eucalyptus plantations and under tree bark. People mostly meet it at night or in the early morning, when it crawls into beds or falls from ceilings.1

Ubude

5 cm ukuya ku-9 cm (2 in ukuya ku-3,5 in)1

Esona santya siphezulu

malunga ne-1,6 km/h (0,99 mph)

Emhlabeni, uqikelelo nje

Sitya ntoni?

It is nocturnal and hunts small invertebrates, and sometimes small vertebrates such as lizards.1

Ifoto ka-Indian red scorpion — Indian red scorpion. Ifoto: Shantanu Kuveskar. CC BY-SA 4.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Indlela yokusiqaphela

Its walking legs and the tips of its pincers are bright orange-yellow to light reddish-brown.1
Its body is about 5 to 9 cm long (50 to 90 mm).1
It has three distinct ridges (carinae) on the top of its body segments.1
It has rather small pincers, a moderately thick tail and a rounded tail tip with a large stinger.1
In males, the base of the pincers is slightly more swollen than in females.1

Sidla ngokubhidaniswa no: Under tree bark, its close relative Hottentotta pachyurus is far more common, making up about 91% of scorpions found there in one study in Pune, western India. Scorpions found under bark in that area are therefore more likely to be that species.1

Amandla etyhefu yokuluma nokuhlaba

Ukuhlaba

Ityhefu iphuma ngenaliti yokuhlaba.

Ityhefu yaso yokuluma okanye yokuhlaba yenza ntoni?

The venom is a complex mixture of proteins, including a toxin called tamapin. It mainly affects the heart and lungs, causing symptoms such as severe local pain, vomiting, sweating, unconsciousness, muscle convulsions, breathlessness, abnormal heart rhythms, shock and pulmonary oedema (fluid in the lungs), which may cause death.1

Siyingozi kangakanani ebantwini?

Ingozi ebantwini: SiyabulalaEsinye sezona zilwanyana ziyingozi emhlabeni.

It is of great medical significance in densely populated areas of India and Nepal and occasionally causes human deaths. Clinical studies report fatality rates of 8 to 40%, and most victims are children. In Sri Lanka, 12 children in Jaffna died from its stings in 2011, and 80 patients were recorded in 2012.1

Iindaba ezimnandi: oogqirha banamayeza (i-antivenom) okanye unyango lwale nto.1

Ukuba siyahlaba

Antivenin is the specific treatment, combined with supportive care such as vasodilators for heart effects and benzodiazepines for muscle effects. Scorpion antivenom has shown little effect in clinical treatment, while the drug prazosin, which lowers raised blood pressure, is usually recommended and reduces the mortality rate to less than 4%. Get to a hospital fast.1
Pholisa indawo ehlatyiweyo ngepakethi yomkhenkce kwaye ugcine umntu engashukumi. Fumana uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza, ingakumbi kubantwana: abanye oonomadudwane bayabulala kubantwana.

Soloko utsalela inombolo kaxakeka kuqala (112, 000, 911). Esi sisikhokelo soncedo lokuqala ngokubanzi, asilocebiso lwezonyango. Iziseko zoncedo lokuqala

Hlala ukhuselekile

Ungaze uchukumise, ubambe okanye uqhule isilwanyana sasendle, nokuba sincinci, kwaye nokuba sibonakala silele okanye sifile.
Sinike indawo. Ukuba udibana naso, hlala uzolile, buyela umva kancinci kwaye usiyeke sihambe ngendlela yaso.
Ukuba siyakuhlaba: hlala uzolile, musa ukushukuma, tsalela inombolo kaxakeka (112, 000, 911) okanye uye esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza. Khumbula ukuba sasikhangeleka njani, ifoto iyanceda.

Asikuzingeli. Sisebenzisa ityhefu yaso ukubamba ukutya okanye ukuzikhusela, kwaye singakhetha ukuzimela. Okungakumbi malunga nokuhlala ukhuselekile

Phi emhlabeni?

IAfrika IAsiya IYurophu uMntla Melika uMzantsi Melika IOstreliya neOceania

Sikhulu kangakanani?

Side kangakanani?

ubude obulingana neebhloko zokudlala zokwakha eziyi-3 zilandelelanasingagqiba iimitha ezili-100 ngemizuzwana eyi-220 (owona mntu ukhawulezayo udinga i-9,6)

U-Indian red scorpion mkhulu kangakanani xa uthelekisa NAWE?

Zizibalo nje kwibhrawuza yakho. Akukho nto igcinwayo okanye ithunyelwa naphi na.

Sikhawuleza kangakanani?

Ufudo malunga ne-0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Indian red scorpion malunga ne-1,6 km/h (0,99 mph)

Umntu ohambayo malunga ne-5 km/h (3,1 mph)

kufanelekile ukwazi

Iinyaniso

Most of its victims are children, and clinical studies report fatality rates of 8 to 40%.1

It often comes indoors, where it may crawl into beds or fall from ceilings at night.1

Its venom affects the heart and lungs more than the nerves, which is why its symptoms can become life-threatening.1

Prazosin, a drug used to lower blood pressure, reduces its mortality rate to less than 4%.1

It was not originally found in Sri Lanka, but studies from 2010 to 2013 showed it is now present there.1

Umqhekezi weentsomi

Intsomi: Five different subspecies of the Indian red scorpion exist.

Inyaniso: R.I. Pocock described five groups in 1900, but these are colour variants (colour morphs), not true subspecies.1

Kwiingcali zetyhefu

Igama lenzululwazi: Hottentotta tamulus
Iqela: Oonomadudwane
Usapho: Buthidae2
Ucwangco: Scorpiones
Amazwekazi: IAsiya
Ingozi ebantwini: 5 / 5: Siyabulala3

Apho iinyaniso zivela khona

Hottentotta tamulus (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Hottentotta tamulus (iNaturalist): amagama nokuhlelwa.
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