第 0964 號，共 1 402 號

Aerial yellowjacket

Dolichovespula arenaria

名字的由來： The genus name Dolichovespula is used for yellowjacket wasps, and in North America this whole group is called yellowjackets.1

只是會痛會痛，但不會對你造成嚴重傷害。

蜜蜂、胡蜂和虎頭蜂

螫吃：肉

對人的危險: 疼痛可能會非常痛，但幾乎從來不會很嚴重。

The aerial yellowjacket is a yellow and black wasp that lives across Canada and the United States. It builds grey paper nests, often high in trees, and it can deliver a sting. Its nests can be found on buildings in towns and cities.1

分布在

Canada and the United States, from northcentral Alaska south to New Mexico and Arizona1

北美洲

首頁

It nests in trees and shrubs, from high branches down to underground sites. In towns and cities, nests are often found on buildings.1

長度

1,5 cm (0,6 in)3

一般成體大小

最高速度

大約 24 km/h（15 mph）

飛行, 粗略估計

牠吃什麼？

Workers mostly hunt live insects and other arthropods, including grasshoppers, crickets, caterpillars, spiders, flies, lacewings and lady beetles. They also prey on fall webworm larvae and young hummingbirds. They are not usually attracted to protein baits.1

Aerial yellowjacket 的照片 — Aerial yellowjacket。照片：Gilles Gonthier from Canada。 CC BY 2.0, Wikimedia Commons.

怎麼認出牠

Yellow in colour, with bands on the abdomen (the rear part of the body)1
No black markings on the ocular sinus (the area of the face around the eye)1
Queens have large black spots on the abdomen, with smaller spots towards the front1
Males have larger antennae and an abdomen that ends in a flat, fuzzy tip instead of a pointed sting1
Nests are made of dull grey paper, with 1 to 6 combs1

常被誤認為： It is often confused with other yellow wasps in its genus, such as Dolichovespula adulterina. The aerial yellowjacket can be told apart by the lack of black markings in the ocular sinus.1

毒液力量

螫

毒液從螫針出來。

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 疼痛可能會非常痛，但幾乎從來不會很嚴重。

牠害怕時會做什麼？

When a nest is threatened, workers can spray venom out of their sting, which releases an alarm pheromone that draws other wasps into attack.1

如果牠螫人

把蜜蜂的螫針刮掉，然後冷敷患處。
如果傷者呼吸困難、臉部或喉嚨腫脹，或覺得快要昏倒，這就是過敏急症：打緊急電話，如果傷者有腎上腺素自動注射筆，就使用它。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果被牠螫了：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

比你的小指頭還短可以在 16 秒內飛過一整座足球場

Aerial yellowjacket 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一隻家蠅 大約 7 km/h (4,4 mph)

Aerial yellowjacket 大約 24 km/h (15 mph)

一個正在衝刺的人 大約 37 km/h (23 mph)

值得知道

小知識

Unlike many of its relatives, this wasp is known to spray venom out of its sting, a behaviour seen in workers from large colonies.1

Female bee moths (Aphomia sociella) sometimes lay their eggs in these nests, and their larvae can destroy large parts of the nest as they feed.1

Because nests are built high in trees, birds and other wasps are among the few predators that reach them. Skunks, opossums, raccoons and bears sometimes raid low or badly placed nests for the nutrient-rich larvae.1

Small colonies can behave unpredictably and erratically when defending their nest.1

Colonies usually last about a year before they die out as winter arrives.1

給毒液專家

學名: Dolichovespula arenaria
類群: 蜜蜂、胡蜂和虎頭蜂
家人: Vespidae2
排序: Hymenoptera
各大洲: 北美洲
寶寶: A queen starts a new colony each spring by building a small paper nest and laying eggs. The larvae grow into workers, and the colony peaks in summer.1
對人的危險: 2 / 5: 疼痛3