第 0885 號，共 1 402 號

Giant desert hairy scorpion

Hadrurus arizonensis

名字的由來： Its common name comes from the brown hairs that cover its body.1

無害對人無害。不用擔心。

蠍子

螫吃：肉

對人的危險: 輕微跟蜜蜂螫差不多或更輕微。對人基本上無害。

The giant desert hairy scorpion is the largest scorpion in North America. It lives in the hot deserts of the southwest United States and northwest Mexico. Its sting is painful, but its venom is not strong enough to be fatal.1

分布在

Sonoran and Mojave deserts of the southwest USA (Arizona, southern California, southern Nevada, south-west Utah) and north-west Mexico1

北美洲

首頁

It lives in abandoned burrows, small caves and crevices, usually in and around washes or low valleys. It also visits ornamental plants and irrigated lawns, which attract the beetles and other insects it eats. It lives at about 900 to 1800 m above sea level.1

長度

10 cm 到 18 cm (3,9 in 到 7,1 in)1

體重

4 g 到 7 g (0,1 oz 到 0,2 oz)1

最高速度

大約 2,6 km/h（1,6 mph）

在陸地上, 粗略估計

牠吃什麼？

It eats large insects and spiders, and sometimes small lizards, rodents and other scorpions. It usually waits still and senses vibrations from nearby prey, then grabs it with its pincers and stings it to subdue it.1

Giant desert hairy scorpion 的照片 — Giant desert hairy scorpion。照片：Robb Hannawacker, while working for Joshua Tree National Park。 Public domain, Wikimedia Commons.

怎麼認出牠

Usually tan to olive-green, with a darker back and yellow pedipalps, legs and tail1
Body covered in brown hairs, which give it its common name1
Crab-like pincers1
Length of 10 to 18 cm, with an average of 15 cm1
Females have wider, stockier bodies; males have larger pincers1

常被誤認為： A similar species is Hadrurus spadix. Hadrurus is a genus of large hairy scorpions found in the United States.1

毒液力量

螫

毒液從螫針出來。

牠的毒液有什麼作用？

Its venom is not very potent, but the sting is commonly compared in pain to a honeybee sting. The venom is used to immobilise prey. Allergic reactions are uncommon, but they can cause difficulty breathing, excessive swelling and prolonged pain.1

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 輕微跟蜜蜂螫差不多或更輕微。對人基本上無害。

Its venom is not potent enough to be fatal. Most stings are compared to a honeybee sting in pain. Serious allergic reactions are uncommon but possible.1

牠害怕時會做什麼？

When provoked, it is active and aggressive, and it stings more often when it senses a predator such as a Norway rat by smell.1

如果牠螫人

用冰敷袋冰敷螫傷處，讓傷者保持不動。趕快就醫，特別是小朋友：有些蠍子對小孩是致命的。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果被牠螫了：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

牠有多重？

跟 7 根迴紋針一樣重

跟 6 塊玩具積木排成一排一樣長輕到放在手上你也感覺不到可以在 140 秒內跑完 100 公尺（最快的人類需要 9.6 秒）

Giant desert hairy scorpion 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一隻陸龜 大約 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Giant desert hairy scorpion 大約 2,6 km/h (1,6 mph)

一個正在走路的人 大約 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

值得知道

小知識

Small snakes may make up to 10% of its diet, according to field observations.1

Its blood-like fluid, called hemolymph, can kill some bacteria within 1 to 2 minutes in favourable conditions, according to a 2021 study.1

It is the largest scorpion in North America.1

It digs deep burrows, up to 2.5 m long, and comes out at night to hunt and find mates.1

It can sense vibrations in the soil through its brown hairs.1

破解迷思

迷思： Big scorpions have dangerous venom.

真相： Although this scorpion is big, its venom is not very potent and is not fatal.1

給毒液專家

學名: Hadrurus arizonensis
類群: 蠍子
家人: Hadruridae2
排序: Scorpiones
各大洲: 北美洲
寶寶: It gives birth to live young. The young stay on the mother's back for a week or more before leaving.1
對人的危險: 1 / 5: 輕微3