第 0537 號，共 1 402 號

Arizona black rattlesnake

Crotalus cerberus

需要看醫生很少致命，但被咬了需要看醫生。

咬吃：肉

The Arizona black rattlesnake is a venomous pit viper, a type of snake that senses heat with pits between its eyes and nostrils. It lives in the southwestern United States, mostly in the mountains of Arizona. It is special because scientists have observed it showing complex social behaviour, and its mothers care for their babies.1

分布在

Southwestern United States: Arizona, and extreme western New Mexico1

北美洲

首頁

It lives in mountain ranges across Arizona, including the Hualapai, Santa Catalina, Rincon, Pinaleno and Blue Mountains, and at Steeple Rock in western New Mexico.1

長度

78 cm 到 1,2 m (2,6 ft 到 4 ft)1

最高速度

大約 3,6 km/h（2,2 mph）

在陸地上, 粗略估計

牠吃什麼？

It eats suitably sized amphibians, reptiles, birds and their eggs, and mammals.1

Arizona black rattlesnake 的照片 — Arizona black rattlesnake。照片：TheLoneStarState。 CC BY-SA 4.0, Wikimedia Commons.

怎麼認出牠

Ground colour is dark grey, brownish black, reddish brown or blackish.1
Dark blotches run along the back, becoming crossbands just before the tail.1
Some individuals are a uniform dark colour with no clear pattern.1
Some have dark blotches bordered with white, cream or yellow, or a pale body with a lot of yellow.1
A stripe runs from the eye, clearer in lighter-coloured specimens. Adults are less patterned than juveniles.1

常被誤認為： It is often incorrectly called a timber rattlesnake.1

毒液力量

咬

咬的時候，毒液會從毒牙或牙齒出來。

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 嚴重被咬了需要看醫生。死亡案例非常罕見。

如果牠咬人

讓傷者保持不動和冷靜，讓被咬的手臂或腿保持在和心臟一樣的高度，取下戒指和緊身的東西，並趕快送醫院。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果被牠咬了：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

跟 2,5 隻家貓從鼻子接到尾巴一樣長跟 7 根香蕉頭尾相接一樣長可以在 100 秒內跑完 100 公尺（最快的人類需要 9.6 秒）

Arizona black rattlesnake 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一隻陸龜 大約 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Arizona black rattlesnake 大約 3,6 km/h (2,2 mph)

一個正在走路的人 大約 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

值得知道

小知識

The Arizona black rattlesnake is the first snake species observed to show complex social behaviour.1

Adults can change colour quickly, a trick it shares with chameleons and some other lizards.1

Mothers sometimes show cooperative parenting behaviour while they stay with their young.1

Its quick colour change is likely caused by melanin moving inside skin cells, as in the closely related prairie rattlesnake.1

Like all temperate pit vipers, it gives birth to live young rather than laying eggs.1

破解迷思

迷思： It is a timber rattlesnake.

真相： This is a common mistake. It is a separate species, Crotalus cerberus, found in the southwestern United States.1

給毒液專家

學名: Crotalus cerberus
類群: 響尾蛇
家人: Viperidae2
排序: Squamata
各大洲: 北美洲
寶寶: It bears live young, in broods of 4 to 21 babies. Females stay with their young in nests for 7 to 14 days.1
對人的危險: 3 / 5: 嚴重3