第 1009 號，共 1 402 號

Black-banded jumper ant

Myrmecia nigrocincta

名字的由來： The name jumper ant refers to its ability to leap from one spot to another.1

只是會痛會痛，但不會對你造成嚴重傷害。

螞蟻

螫吃：每樣都來一點

對人的危險: 疼痛可能會非常痛，但幾乎從來不會很嚴重。

The black-banded jumper ant is a large ant that can leap up to 10 centimetres, which is far above its own body length. It lives in eastern Australia, including suburbs of Sydney and Brisbane. Its sting is painful and can cause serious allergic reactions in some people, so it is worth knowing how to recognise it.1

分布在

Eastern Australia, including Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria and South Australia1

澳洲與大洋洲

首頁

It nests in sandy soil, often under a small mound that looks like a molehill, and hides the nest with twigs, leaves and gravel. Nests are found beside a clump of grass or bush, or at the base of a tree. It prefers dry to semi-dry forests and woodlands, mostly on the coastal plains, and has been found in suburbs such as Heathcote and Como in Sydney.1

長度

1,3 cm 到 1,9 cm (0,5 in 到 0,7 in)1

最高速度

大約 0,27 km/h（0,17 mph）

在陸地上, 粗略估計

牠吃什麼？

It eats other insects, including caterpillars and spiders, and also drinks honey water. It hunts on plants and trees, and sometimes on the ground. It has been seen preying on the larvae of imperial hairstreak butterflies, even jumping while carrying them.1

Black-banded jumper ant 的照片 — Black-banded jumper ant。照片：Steve Kerr。 CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎麼認出牠

Mostly black and orange-red in colour.1
The gaster (rear body), head, legs and mesonotum (middle back) are black, while the pronotum, propodeum, petiole and post-petiole are red.1
Mandibles (jaws) are either black or yellow, depending on where the ant lives.1
Workers are 13 to 15 mm long, males 16 to 17 mm, and queens 17 to 19 mm.1
It can leap 76 to 102 mm by suddenly extending its middle and hind legs.1

常被誤認為： It is often confused with other Myrmecia species. It can be told apart by its bi-coloured thorax and post-petiole, which are yellowish-red and black, and by its yellowish-red node.1

毒液力量

螫

毒液從螫針出來。

牠的毒液有什麼作用？

Its sting is highly venomous and causes intense burning pain. The burning can last for many days, and the sting itches. If the sting is left untreated, it may develop into an ulcer (an open sore). The venom of a close relative, M. pilosula, is among the strongest of all ants and contains acids, enzymes and phospholipases.1

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 疼痛可能會非常痛，但幾乎從來不會很嚴重。

A 2011 study of Australian ant allergies found that 265 of 376 participants reacted to the stings of several Myrmecia species, which can cause anaphylaxis (a severe, whole-body allergic reaction). Of these, 15 reacted to this species, while 176 reacted to M. pilosula. The study concluded that Myrmecia species were among four main groups of Australian ants responsible for anaphylaxis.1

牠害怕時會做什麼？

When threatened, workers and scouts quickly defend the nest and may react aggressively even to a shadow crossing it, bursting out in short hops to attack.1

如果牠螫人

清洗並冷敷螫傷處。
如果傷者呼吸困難、臉部或喉嚨腫脹，或覺得快要昏倒，這就是過敏急症：打緊急電話。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果被牠螫了：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

比你的小指頭還短

Black-banded jumper ant 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一隻花園蝸牛 大約 0,05 km/h (0,03 mph)

Black-banded jumper ant 大約 0,27 km/h (0,17 mph)

一隻陸龜 大約 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

值得知道

小知識

It can jump between 76 and 102 mm, which is far more than its own body length.1

Colonies can continue without a queen, because workers can lay fertile eggs.1

It often forages in trees, where it visits the flowers of some eucalyptus and senna plants and may help pollinate them.1

A worker can live for over a year, with a maximum of about 1.3 years.1

Its nests are camouflaged with twigs, leaves, gravel and other plant material.1

給毒液專家

學名: Myrmecia nigrocincta
類群: 螞蟻
家人: Formicidae2
排序: Hymenoptera
各大洲: 澳洲與大洋洲
寶寶: Worker-laid eggs can be reared into males in colonies with no queen. Colonies typically have between 400 and 1200 individuals.1
壽命: 大約 1,3 年1
對人的危險: 2 / 5: 疼痛3