第 1010 號，共 1 402 號

Inchman ant

Myrmecia forficata

名字的由來： It is named for its large size: most are slightly smaller than an inch (25.4 mm).1

只是會痛會痛，但不會對你造成嚴重傷害。

螞蟻

螫吃：肉

對人的危險: 疼痛可能會非常痛，但幾乎從來不會很嚴重。

The inchman ant is a large bull ant found in south-eastern Australia. It is most common in the Australian Alps, but it also lives near sea level around Melbourne and in Tasmania. Its sting is one of the most powerful venoms in the insect world, so it is important to know what it looks like.1

分布在

South-eastern Australia, including the Australian Alps, the Melbourne area and Tasmania1

澳洲與大洋洲

首頁

Most common in the Australian Alps at elevations above 300 m, but found down to sea level around Melbourne and in Tasmania. Nests may be hidden under a rock or in a small hole, so they are easy to miss.1

長度

1,5 cm 到 2,5 cm (0,6 in 到 1 in)1

最高速度

大約 0,33 km/h（0,21 mph）

在陸地上, 粗略估計

牠吃什麼？

Inchman ants are carnivores and scavengers, meaning they eat other animals and also feed on dead animals.1

Inchman ant 的照片 — Inchman ant。照片：JJ Harrison (https://www.jjharrison.com.au/)。 CC BY-SA 3.0, Wikimedia Commons.

怎麼認出牠

Purplish-brown body with a black abdomen (rear section)1
Usually about 15 to 25 mm long, with most slightly smaller than an inch1
Usually solitary when foraging, though they live in colonies like most ants1

毒液力量

螫

毒液從螫針出來。

牠的毒液有什麼作用？

Its venom is similar to the venom of wasps, bees and fire ants, and is one of the most powerful in the insect world. The sting causes local swelling, reddening and fever, followed by a blister. The heart rate increases and blood pressure falls rapidly. In some people the venom causes anaphylaxis, a severe allergic reaction that can be fatal.1

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 疼痛可能會非常痛，但幾乎從來不會很嚴重。

In about 3% of cases, the sting causes anaphylaxis, a severe allergic reaction. The toxin can be fatal in some people.1

如果牠螫人

Treatment is very similar to treatment for wasp and bee stings.1
清洗並冷敷螫傷處。
如果傷者呼吸困難、臉部或喉嚨腫脹，或覺得快要昏倒，這就是過敏急症：打緊急電話。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果被牠螫了：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

大約跟一根迴紋針一樣長

Inchman ant 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一隻陸龜 大約 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Inchman ant 大約 0,33 km/h (0,21 mph)

一個正在走路的人 大約 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

值得知道

小知識

The inchman is the most venomous of the bulldog ants.1

Its venom can make the heart beat faster and cause blood pressure to fall rapidly.1

A sting causes local swelling and reddening, followed by a blister, and can cause a fever.1

Inchman ants usually forage alone, even though they live in colonies like most ants.1

破解迷思

迷思： The inchman ant is the most venomous ant in the world.

真相： It is the most venomous of the bulldog ants. Its reputation as the most venomous ant may come from the toxin's tendency to cause anaphylaxis, which can be fatal in some people.1