第 0716 號，共 1 402 號

Bold jumping spider

Phidippus audax

名字的由來： The species name audax is Latin for "audacious" or "bold", and the family name Salticidae comes from the Latin word saltare, meaning "to jump".1

無害對人無害。不用擔心。

蜘蛛

咬吃：肉

對人的危險: 輕微跟蜜蜂螫差不多或更輕微。對人基本上無害。

The bold jumping spider is a small spider that hunts by sight, leaping onto its prey instead of catching it in a web. It is common across North America and is often found near people, in gardens, fields and on fence posts. It matters because it eats many crop pests.1

分布在

Native to North America. Introduced to Hawaii, the Nicobar Islands, the Azores and the Netherlands.1

北美洲

首頁

They live in temperate climates in grasslands, chaparrals, open woodlands and agricultural fields. They are often found living close to humans, and they hunt on fence posts and on plant leaves, stems and branches.1

長度

6 mm 到 1,5 cm (0,2 in 到 0,6 in)1

最高速度

大約 0,74 km/h（0,46 mph）

在陸地上, 粗略估計

牠吃什麼？

Bold jumpers are solitary hunters that stalk live prey using their eyesight. They approach until they are within jumping distance, then pounce and grab the prey with their front legs. They prey on caterpillars, dragonflies, grasshoppers and other spiders. They do not build webs to catch food.1

Bold jumping spider 的照片 — Bold jumping spider。照片：Katja Schulz。 CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎麼認出牠

A large, usually triangular white spot in the centre of the abdomen, with two smaller spots below it.1
Iridescent green chelicerae (the front mouthparts).1
White banding with fringes on the legs and pedipalps, which is more prominent in males.1
Males have more striking markings than females and tufts of hair over their eyes.1
Large forward-facing eyes, as with all jumping spiders.1

常被誤認為： Phidippus regius has a similar abdominal pattern and lives in the same area of the southeastern United States. In the bold jumper the pale spots near the rear are more linear, while in P. regius they are more oval. The bold jumper also has pairs of matte black patches on its abdomen, which P. regius lacks.1

毒液力量

咬

咬的時候，毒液會從毒牙或牙齒出來。

牠的毒液有什麼作用？

Bold jumpers use venom to immobilise their prey after biting it with their fangs.1

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 輕微跟蜜蜂螫差不多或更輕微。對人基本上無害。

Bites from this spider are rare. A bite may happen if the spider feels threatened or is mishandled. If it is handled, it generally does not bite.1

牠害怕時會做什麼？

When threatened, they flee by jumping down and away or by hiding in small crevices.1

如果牠咬人

清洗咬傷處，用冰敷袋冰敷止痛。如果很痛、疼痛擴散或傷者覺得不舒服，要就醫。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果被牠咬了：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

比你的小指頭還短

Bold jumping spider 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一隻陸龜 大約 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Bold jumping spider 大約 0,74 km/h (0,46 mph)

一個正在走路的人 大約 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

值得知道

小知識

Bold jumpers have some of the best eyesight of any spider. Their vision is widely regarded as the best among all spiders.1

Their four pairs of eyes give them nearly 360° of visual coverage around the head.1

Bold jumpers sometimes invade the webs of other spiders to steal insects that have been caught, or to attack the spiders themselves.1

Bold jumpers can change their behaviour after watching other spiders, which is rare among spiders.1

Females choose mates by watching the male's leg and body movements during his courtship dance.1

Spiderlings often spread to new places by ballooning, a way of travelling on silk threads in the wind.1

破解迷思

迷思： Like most spiders, jumping spiders catch their prey in webs.

真相： Bold jumpers do not build webs to catch prey. They hunt actively by sight and leap onto their victims.1

給毒液專家

學名: Phidippus audax
類群: 蜘蛛
家人: Salticidae2
排序: Araneae
各大洲: 北美洲
寶寶: Females lay eggs in an egg sac. The spiderlings hatch about 10 days later, but stay inside the sac for another 10 to 14 days before emerging.1
對人的危險: 1 / 5: 輕微3