第 1303 號，共 1 402 號

Common vampire bat

Desmodus rotundus

只是會痛會痛，但不會對你造成嚴重傷害。

咬吃：肉

The common vampire bat is a small bat that feeds on the blood of mammals, mostly farm animals such as cattle and horses. It lives in the Americas, from Mexico to Chile and Argentina, and it is one of only three vampire bat species in the world. It matters because it can carry rabies and is considered a pest by farmers.1

分布在

Mexico, Central America, South America and the Caribbean island of Trinidad (also Margarita)1

北美洲, 南美洲

首頁

It prefers warm, humid climates and uses tropical and subtropical woodlands and open grasslands for feeding. It roosts in trees, caves, abandoned buildings, old wells and mines, and it is the most common bat species in southeastern Brazil.1

長度

9 cm (3,5 in)1

體重

25 g 到 40 g (0,9 oz 到 1,4 oz)1

最高速度

大約 20 km/h（12 mph）

飛行, 粗略估計

牠吃什麼？

It feeds mainly on the blood of mammals, especially livestock. It approaches sleeping prey at night, cuts a small flap of skin with its razor-sharp teeth, and laps up the blood with its tongue.1

Common vampire bat 的照片 — Common vampire bat。照片：Tomás Carranza Perales。 CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎麼認出牠

Short-haired fur, silver-grey on the underside and darker on the back1
Flat, leaf-shaped nose and a deeply grooved lower lip1
A well-developed, clawed thumb on each wing, longer than in its relatives1
Average body length of about 9 cm, with an 18 cm wingspan1
Can run and leap on the ground, using its wings to push forward1

常被誤認為： The hairy-legged vampire bat and the white-winged vampire bat look very similar. The common vampire bat can be told apart by its longer thumb, and it feeds on mammal blood far more often than the other two, which mostly feed on birds.1

毒液力量

咬

咬的時候，毒液會從毒牙或牙齒出來。

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 疼痛可能會非常痛，但幾乎從來不會很嚴重。

The bat is a carrier of rabies, and the danger is mostly to livestock rather than to people. Any person who wakes to find a vampire bat in their sleeping quarters should seek medical attention, and young children may not fully wake up during a bite.1

如果牠咬人

Anyone who wakes to find a vampire bat in their sleeping area should get medical attention. Bats should be avoided and not handled, and they should not be kept in living spaces.1
把傷口徹底洗乾淨，並且就醫。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果被牠咬了：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

牠有多重？

跟 40 根迴紋針一樣重

跟 3 塊玩具積木排成一排一樣長可以在 19 秒內飛過一整座足球場

Common vampire bat 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一隻家蠅 大約 7 km/h (4,4 mph)

Common vampire bat 大約 20 km/h (12 mph)

一個正在衝刺的人 大約 37 km/h (23 mph)

值得知道

小知識

Its saliva contains an anticoagulant called Draculin, named after Count Dracula, which keeps the blood from clotting while it feeds.1

A genetically engineered drug based on the anticoagulant in its saliva, called desmoteplase, has been shown to increase blood flow in stroke patients.1

Heat sensors in its nose help it find blood vessels close to the surface of the skin.1

It has the fewest teeth of any bat, and its upper incisors have no enamel, which keeps them sharp.1

Vampire bats share food with each other, and a bat that is well fed will regurgitate blood to a hungry roost-mate, mostly to its own young.1

It hunts at night and can travel 5 to 8 km from its roost to find food.1

給毒液專家

學名: Desmodus rotundus
類群: 有毒液的哺乳動物
家人: Phyllostomidae2
排序: Chiroptera
各大洲: 北美洲, 南美洲
寶寶: Females give birth to one offspring per pregnancy after a gestation period of about seven months.1
牠在野外的狀況: Least Concern1
對人的危險: 2 / 5: 疼痛3