第 1305 號，共 1 402 號

White-winged vampire bat

Diaemus youngi

名字的由來： The species name youngi honours Dr Charles Grove Young (1849–1934), who helped the museum build its collection of animals from British Guyana.1

無害對人無害。不用擔心。

有毒液的哺乳動物

咬吃：肉

對人的危險: 輕微跟蜜蜂螫差不多或更輕微。對人基本上無害。

The white-winged vampire bat is a small bat that feeds on blood. It lives from Mexico to northern Argentina, and also on the islands of Trinidad and Margarita Island. Its pale wing edges make it easy to tell apart from some of its relatives.1

分布在

Mexico to northern Argentina, plus the islands of Trinidad and Margarita Island1

北美洲, 南美洲

首頁

It prefers moist, open areas but will also hunt in dry deciduous or evergreen forests. It roosts in tree cavities and in caves.1

長度

8,4 cm (3,3 in)1

體重

32 g 到 48 g (1,1 oz 到 1,7 oz)1

最高速度

大約 20 km/h（12 mph）

飛行, 粗略估計

牠吃什麼？

It feeds on blood. Birds, including free-ranging poultry such as chickens, guinea fowl and turkeys, are its preferred prey, but it also feeds on mammals such as goats and cattle.1

White-winged vampire bat 的照片 — White-winged vampire bat。照片：The original uploader was Gcarter2 at English Wikipedia.。 CC BY-SA 2.5, Wikimedia Commons.

怎麼認出牠

Fur is clay-coloured, light brown or dark cinnamon brown.1
The outline of the wings is white, as is the membrane between the second and third fingers.1
Ears are 18 mm long, longer than they are wide.1
Nose to tail length is about 84 mm, and it weighs 31.7–48.1 g.1
Its forearms are 51–54 mm long.1

常被誤認為： It is often confused with the common vampire bat. The white-winged vampire bat has a smooth outer edge on its tragus (the small flap in front of the ear), while the common vampire bat's is serrated. Its thumb is also much shorter, and it has 22 teeth, compared with 20 in the common vampire bat.1

毒液力量

咬

咬的時候，毒液會從毒牙或牙齒出來。

牠的毒液有什麼作用？

Its saliva contains plasminogen activators, which quickly dissolve the clots that form in the host's blood while it feeds. It also contains platelet aggregation inhibitors and other anticoagulants, which stop blood from clotting. These compounds work especially well on birds.1

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 輕微跟蜜蜂螫差不多或更輕微。對人基本上無害。

It can transmit rabies, but this appears to be relatively uncommon. The only reports of rabies transmission from this species come from Trinidad.1

牠害怕時會做什麼？

When disturbed, it produces a foul-smelling odour from cup-shaped scent glands in its mouth, which may help deter predators.1

如果牠咬人

把傷口徹底洗乾淨，並且就醫。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果被牠咬了：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

牠有多重？

跟 48 根迴紋針一樣重

跟 2,5 塊玩具積木排成一排一樣長可以在 19 秒內飛過一整座足球場

White-winged vampire bat 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一隻家蠅 大約 7 km/h (4,4 mph)

White-winged vampire bat 大約 20 km/h (12 mph)

一個正在衝刺的人 大約 37 km/h (23 mph)

值得知道

小知識

In captivity, each bat drinks about 16 ml of defibrinated cow or chicken blood per day, and they should be kept in social colonies with dominance hierarchies.1

It is the only bat species in the world with 22 teeth, although older individuals sometimes lose the last upper molars.1

Its brain is large for its body size, which may be because its hunting needs careful planning and stealth.1

It is not as good as the common vampire bat at walking on all fours, but it is quite good at climbing branches.1

It roosts with many other bat species, including the common vampire bat.1

給毒液專家

學名: Diaemus youngi
類群: 有毒液的哺乳動物
各大洲: 北美洲, 南美洲
寶寶: Females give birth to one pup at a time. They can become pregnant several times a year.1
牠在野外的狀況: Least Concern (IUCN)1
對人的危險: 1 / 5: 輕微2