第 0989 號，共 1 402 號

Eastern cicada killer

Sphecius speciosus

名字的由來： It is named for its habit of hunting cicadas, which it uses to feed its young.1

無害對人無害。不用擔心。

蜜蜂、胡蜂和虎頭蜂

螫吃：肉

對人的危險: 輕微跟蜜蜂螫差不多或更輕微。對人基本上無害。

The eastern cicada killer is a large wasp that hunts cicadas, the loud insects that buzz in summer trees. It lives in the Eastern and Midwest United States and further south into Mexico and Central America. Females are not aggressive and rarely sting, so the sight of them flying over lawns is usually harmless.1

分布在

Eastern and Midwest United States, south into Mexico and Central America1

北美洲

首頁

It digs nests in well-drained, sandy to loose clay soil, such as bare or grassy banks, berms and hills. People often meet it next to raised sidewalks, driveways and patio slabs, and in planters, window boxes, flower beds or under shrubs in full sun.1

長度

1,5 cm 到 5 cm (0,6 in 到 2 in)1

最高速度

大約 39 km/h（24 mph）

飛行, 粗略估計

牠吃什麼？

Females catch cicadas and paralyse them with a sting, then carry them to their burrows as food for their young. Adults also feed on flower nectar and plant sap.1

Eastern cicada killer 的照片 — Eastern cicada killer。照片：Judy Gallagher。 CC BY-SA 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎麼認出牠

Large, at 1.5 to 5.0 cm long1
Hairy thorax with reddish and black areas1
Black to reddish brown abdomen marked with light yellow stripes1
Brownish wings1
Females are somewhat larger than males1

常被誤認為： Its colours resemble some yellowjacket and hornet species, and European hornets are often mistaken for it. European hornets are about 3.5 cm long, so they are smaller than the largest cicada killers.1

毒液力量

螫

毒液從螫針出來。

牠的毒液有什麼作用？

The female's sting paralyses cicadas so that they can be stored as food for the young.1

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 輕微跟蜜蜂螫差不多或更輕微。對人基本上無害。

Females are not aggressive and rarely sting unless they are grasped roughly, stepped on with bare feet, or caught in clothing. One author who was stung said the sting felt like not much more than a pinprick. Males cannot sting.1

牠害怕時會做什麼？

Females sting only if handled roughly. Males may jab with a sharp spine on the tip of the abdomen if handled roughly, but they usually fly away when swatted at.1

如果牠螫人

把蜜蜂的螫針刮掉，然後冷敷患處。
如果傷者呼吸困難、臉部或喉嚨腫脹，或覺得快要昏倒，這就是過敏急症：打緊急電話，如果傷者有腎上腺素自動注射筆，就使用它。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果被牠螫了：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

比你的小指頭還短可以在 9,7 秒內飛過一整座足球場

Eastern cicada killer 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一個正在衝刺的人 大約 37 km/h (23 mph)

Eastern cicada killer 大約 39 km/h (24 mph)

市區裡的汽車 大約 50 km/h (31 mph)

值得知道

小知識

A female often carries a cicada up into a tree before flying to her burrow, because the cicada can weigh more than twice as much as she does.1

Males are seen in groups and may lock together in midair combat until one breaks away.1

Cicada killers may help trees by reducing the number of cicadas that feed on them.1

The parasitic velvet ant wasp, also called the cow-killer wasp, often lays its egg in cicada killer nest cells.1

A single burrow may eventually have 10 or more nest cells.1

破解迷思

迷思： Male cicada killers are dangerous and will sting people.

真相： Males only grapple with other insects and cannot sting. They investigate things that move near them because they are looking for females.1

給毒液專家

學名: Sphecius speciosus
類群: 蜜蜂、胡蜂和虎頭蜂
家人: Crabronidae2
排序: Hymenoptera
各大洲: 北美洲
寶寶: Each female lays one egg on a cicada inside a nest cell, and the egg hatches in one or two days. Males receive one cicada per egg and females receive two or sometimes three.1
對人的危險: 1 / 5: 輕微3