第 0840 號，共 1 402 號

Florida bark scorpion

Centruroides gracilis

名字的由來： Its name is misleading, because it is not native to Florida, even though that is where many people first meet it.1

只是會痛會痛，但不會對你造成嚴重傷害。

蠍子

螫吃：昆蟲

對人的危險: 疼痛可能會非常痛，但幾乎從來不會很嚴重。

The Florida bark scorpion is a small scorpion with a sting that can cause serious harm. It is not really from Florida: it is native to northern Middle America and has spread to other places, including Florida. It hides under rocks, bark and rubbish, and sometimes lives inside houses.1

分布在

Native to northern Mexico, Guatemala, Belize and Honduras. Introduced to Cuba, Panama, Colombia, Ecuador, Jamaica, Florida, parts of Africa and Tenerife.1

北美洲, 南美洲

首頁

It lives under rocks and tree bark. Given the chance, it will live in the walls of houses and under rubbish piles in yards.1

長度

15 cm (5,9 in)1

最高速度

大約 2 km/h（1,2 mph）

在陸地上, 粗略估計

牠吃什麼？

It feeds on insects such as roaches. Captive scorpions can be fed termites or crickets.1

Florida bark scorpion 的照片 — Florida bark scorpion。照片：lazarus。 CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎麼認出牠

Its colour varies. It may be reddish, black with reddish pincers, or dark brown with yellowish legs and red pincers.1
Some individuals are dark brown with reddish and black tail sections.1
Females reach up to 10 cm long. Males can grow over 15 cm long.1

常被誤認為： In Florida it lives alongside two native scorpions, the Hentz striped scorpion and the Guiana striped scorpion.1

毒液力量

螫

毒液從螫針出來。

牠的毒液有什麼作用？

This scorpion is venomous, but much less toxic than others in its genus. Its venom is neurotoxic (it attacks the nerves) and cardiotoxic (it affects the heart), and it causes the release of catecholamines, hormones that speed up the body. Local effects include pain, redness, itching and swelling. Possible symptoms include irregular or fast heartbeat, fluid in the lungs, nausea, vomiting, sweating, diarrhoea, shock, convulsions and coma.1

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 疼痛可能會非常痛，但幾乎從來不會很嚴重。

It is much less toxic than other scorpions in its genus. Serious symptoms can still occur, and death is possible.1

如果牠螫人

用冰敷袋冰敷螫傷處，讓傷者保持不動。趕快就醫，特別是小朋友：有些蠍子對小孩是致命的。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果被牠螫了：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

跟 5 塊玩具積木排成一排一樣長可以在 180 秒內跑完 100 公尺（最快的人類需要 9.6 秒）

Florida bark scorpion 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一隻陸龜 大約 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Florida bark scorpion 大約 2 km/h (1,2 mph)

一個正在走路的人 大約 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

值得知道

小知識

Females can reproduce without a male, through a process called parthenogenesis.1

Newborn young ride on their mother's back.1

Tarantulas such as Tliltocatl vagans prey on it, and a tarantula may kill it even if the scorpion strikes first.1

In a laboratory study, males lived about 33 months on average and females about 38 months.1

Despite its name, it is native to northern Middle America, not Florida.1

破解迷思

迷思： It is a Florida native scorpion, as its name suggests.

真相： It is not native to Florida. It comes from northern Middle America and was introduced to Florida and other places.1

給毒液專家

學名: Centruroides gracilis
類群: 蠍子
家人: Buthidae2
排序: Scorpiones
各大洲: 北美洲, 南美洲
寶寶: The female gives birth to a litter of 25 to 35 young, and litters of 91 have been recorded. The young ride on the female's back.1
對人的危險: 2 / 5: 疼痛3