第 0864 號，共 1 402 號

Gadim scorpion

Hemiscorpius lepturus

可能致命不治療的話可能會害死你。如果牠螫了你，要趕快求救。

螫吃：肉

The Gadim scorpion is a yellow-brown scorpion with a long, thin tail that lives in the deserts of the Middle East. Its venom is highly dangerous, and it causes most deaths from scorpion stings in the Iran area. It is one of the few scorpions outside the Buthidae family that can potentially kill people.1

分布在

Middle East: southern Iraq and Iran, also Oman, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Pakistan and the United Arab Emirates1

亞洲

首頁

It lives in warm, humid desert areas, in tight rock crevices and cracks. It is most common in southern Iraq and Iran, where most scorpion-sting deaths occur.1

長度

5,5 cm 到 8 cm (2,2 in 到 3,1 in)1

最高速度

大約 1,6 km/h（0,99 mph）

在陸地上, 粗略估計

牠吃什麼？

It waits in rock cracks and ambushes prey such as spiders and other insects. After catching prey, it secretes enzymes that dissolve the prey until it is liquid enough to eat.1

Gadim scorpion 的照片 — Gadim scorpion。照片：Kian。 CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎麼認出牠

Yellow-brown colour1
Flat, broad body1
Long, thin tail that curves upward, with five tail segments1
Males grow to about 8 cm and females to about 5.5 cm1
Males have longer tails than females1

毒液力量

螫

毒液從螫針出來。

牠的毒液有什麼作用？

The venom is cytotoxic and hemolytic, meaning it destroys living cells, especially blood cells. A sting can cause serious wounds, skin inflammation, internal bleeding, kidney failure, and blisters or ulcers. General symptoms include dry mouth, thirst, dizziness, confusion, nausea, fever, vomiting and convulsions, which gradually get worse and are especially dangerous for children.1

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 非常危險如果沒有治療，牠可能會害死一個人。

Its venom is highly dangerous and is responsible for most deaths from scorpion stings in the Iran area. It is the only scorpion outside the Buthidae family that is potentially lethal to humans. Children are especially at risk.1

好消息：醫生有藥（抗毒血清）或治療方法。1

如果牠螫人

The only available treatment for the venom is a polyvalent antivenom, given by injection. Medical care should be sought promptly after a sting.1
用冰敷袋冰敷螫傷處，讓傷者保持不動。趕快就醫，特別是小朋友：有些蠍子對小孩是致命的。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果被牠螫了：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

跟 2,5 塊玩具積木排成一排一樣長可以在 220 秒內跑完 100 公尺（最快的人類需要 9.6 秒）

Gadim scorpion 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一隻陸龜 大約 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Gadim scorpion 大約 1,6 km/h (0,99 mph)

一個正在走路的人 大約 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

值得知道

小知識

It is the only scorpion outside the Buthidae family that is potentially lethal to humans.1

Its venom has shown inhibitory effects on HIV-1 in recent studies, but more research is needed before it could be a treatment.1

It digests its prey outside its body by using enzymes until the prey is liquid.1

After shedding its skin, it is soft and pale for two to three days and cannot sting prey.1

Some mother scorpions die during delivery, which can take up to six hours.1

給毒液專家

學名: Hemiscorpius lepturus
類群: 蠍子
家人: Hemiscorpiidae2
排序: Scorpiones
各大洲: 亞洲
寶寶: It gives birth to live young, averaging about 24 per delivery. The young ride on the mother's back until they are mature enough to leave.1
對人的危險: 4 / 5: 非常危險3